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Author Wiechers, C.; Lydersen, L.; Wittmann, C.; Elser, D.; Skaar, J.; Marquardt, Ch; Makarov, V.; Leuchs, G. openurl 
  Title After-gate attack on a quantum cryptosystem Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication New J. Phys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 14  
  Keywords quantum cryptography; hacking; interception; attack; SPD; APD; QKD  
  Abstract We present a method to control the detection events in quantum key distribution systems that use gated single-photon detectors. We employ bright pulses as faked states, timed to arrive at the avalanche photodiodes outside the activation time. The attack can remain unnoticed, since the faked states do not increase the error rate per se. This allows for an intercept-resend attack, where an eavesdropper transfers her detection events to the legitimate receiver without causing any errors. As a side effect, afterpulses, originating from accumulated charge carriers in the detectors, increase the error rate. We have experimentally tested detectors of the system id3110 (Clavis2) from ID Quantique. We identify the parameter regime in which the attack is feasible despite the side effect. Furthermore, we outline how simple modifications in the implementation can make the device immune to this attack.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 730  
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Author Ожегов, Роман Викторович openurl 
  Title Флуктуационная чувствительность и стабильность приемников с СИС и HEB смесителями для терагерцового тепловидения Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Радиофизика Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 135  
  Keywords HEB  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 731  
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Author Huang, Kevin C. Y.; Jun, Young Chul; Seo, Min-Kyo; Brongersma, Mark L. openurl 
  Title Power flow from a dipole emitter near an optical antenna Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Optics Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express  
  Volume 19 Issue 20 Pages 19084-19092  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Current methods to calculate the emission enhancement of a quantum emitter coupled to an optical antenna of arbitrary geometry rely on analyzing the total Poynting vector power flow out of the emitter or the dyadic Green functions from full-field numerical simulations. Unfortunately, these methods do not provide information regarding the nature of the dominant energy decay pathways. We present a new approach that allows for a rigorous separation, quantification, and visualization of the emitter output power flow captured by an antenna and the subsequent reradiation power flow to the far field. Such analysis reveals unprecedented details of the emitter/antenna coupling mechanisms and thus opens up new design strategies for strongly interacting emitter/antenna systems used in sensing, active plasmonics and metamaterials, and quantum optics.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 743  
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Author Hu, Xiaolong; Dauler, Eric A.; Molnar, Richard J.; Berggren, Karl K. openurl 
  Title Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors integrated with optical nano-antennae Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Optics Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express  
  Volume 19 Issue 1 Pages 17-31  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Optical nano-antennae have been integrated with semiconductor lasers to intensify light at the nanoscale and photodiodes to enhance photocurrent. In quantum optics, plasmonic metal structures have been used to enhance nonclassical light emission from single quantum dots. Absorption and detection of single photons from free space could also be enhanced by nanometallic antennae, but this has not previously been demonstrated. Here, we use nano-optical transmission effects in a one-dimensional gold structure, combined with optical cavity resonance, to form optical nano-antennae, which are further used to couple single photons from free space into a 80-nm-wide superconducting nanowire. This antenna-assisted coupling enables a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with 47% device efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm and 9-μm-by-9-μm active area while maintaining a reset time of only 5 ns. We demonstrate nanoscale antenna-like structures to achieve exceptional efficiency and speed in single-photon detection.  
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  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 745  
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Author Курочкин, Юрий Владимирович pdf  openurl
  Title Методы повышения пропускной способности квантовой криптографии Type Manuscript
  Year 2011 Publication МФТИ Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords quantum cryptography  
  Abstract  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 762  
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Author Peruzzo, Alberto; Laing, Anthony; Politi, Alberto; Rudolph, Terry; O'Brien, Jeremy L. openurl 
  Title Multimode quantum interference of photons in multiport integrated devices Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 2 Issue 224 Pages 6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract Photonics is a leading approach in realizing future quantum technologies and recently, optical waveguide circuits on silicon chips have demonstrated high levels of miniaturization and performance. Multimode interference (MMI) devices promise a straightforward implementation of compact and robust multiport circuits. Here, we show quantum interference in a 2×2 MMI coupler with visibility of V=95.6+/-0.9%. We further demonstrate the operation of a 4×4 port MMI device with photon pairs, which exhibits complex quantum interference behaviour. We have developed a new technique to fully characterize such multiport devices, which removes the need for phase-sensitive measurements and may find applications for a wide range of photonic devices. Our results show that MMI devices can operate in the quantum regime with high fidelity and promise substantial simplification and concatenation of photonic quantum circuits.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 763  
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Author Novotny, Lukas; van Hulst, Niek openurl 
  Title Antennas for light Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 83-90  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Optical antennas are devices that convert freely propagating optical radiation into localized energy, and vice versa. They enable the control and manipulation of optical fields at the nanometre scale, and hold promise for enhancing the performance and efficiency of photodetection, light emission and sensing. Although many of the properties and parameters of optical antennas are similar to their radiowave and microwave counterparts, they have important differences resulting from their small size and the resonant properties of metal nanostructures. This Review summarizes the physical properties of optical antennas, provides a summary of some of the most important recent developments in the field, discusses the potential applications and identifies the future challenges and opportunities.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 748  
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Author Kawakami, A; Saito, S.; Hyodo, M. openurl 
  Title Fabrication of nano-antennas for superconducting Infrared detectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 632-635  
  Keywords optical antennas, NbN/MgO/NbN/TiN/Al HEB, dipole antennas, IR, infrared  
  Abstract To improve the response performance of superconducting infrared detectors, we have developed a fabrication process for nano-antennas. A nano-antenna consists of a dipole antenna, and a superconducting thin film strip placed in the antenna's center. By measuring the transition temperature of the superconducting strips, we confirmed that their superconductivity maintained a good condition after the nano-antenna fabrication process. We also evaluated nano-antenna characteristics using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The evaluated antenna length and width were respectively set at around 2400 nm and 400 nm, and the antennas were placed at intervals of several micrometers around the area of 1 mm2 . In an evaluation of spectral transmission characteristics, clear absorption caused by antenna effects was observed at around 1400 cm-1. High polarization dependencies were also observed.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 761  
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Author Ikuta, Rikizo; Kusaka, Yoshiaki; Kitano, suyoshi; Kato, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Takashi; Koashi, Masato; Imoto, Nobuyuki openurl 
  Title Wide-band quantum interface for visible-totelecommunication wavelength conversion Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 2 Issue Pages 5  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract Although near-infrared photons in telecommunication bands are required for long-distance quantum communication, various quantum information tasks have been performed by using visible photons for the past two decades. Recently, such visible photons from diverse media including atomic quantum memories have also been studied. Optical frequency down-conversion from visible to telecommunication bands while keeping the quantum states is thus required for bridging such wavelength gaps. Here we report demonstration of a quantum interface of frequency down-conversion from visible to telecommunication bands by using a nonlinear crystal, which has a potential to work over wide bandwidths, leading to a high-speed interface of frequency conversion. We achieved the conversion of a picosecond visible photon at 780 nm to a 1,522-nm photon, and observed that the conversion process retained entanglement between the down-converted photon and another photon.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 764  
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Author Crespi, Andrea; Ramponi, Roberta; Osellame, Roberto; Sansoni, Linda; Bongioanni, Irene; Sciarrino, Fabio; Vallone, Giuseppe; Mataloni, Paolo openurl 
  Title Integrated photonic quantum gates for polarization qubits Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 2 Issue 566 Pages 6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract The ability to manipulate quantum states of light by integrated devices may open new perspectives both for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and for novel technological applications. However, the technology for handling polarization-encoded qubits, the most commonly adopted approach, is still missing in quantum optical circuits. Here we demonstrate the first integrated photonic controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for polarization-encoded qubits. This result has been enabled by the integration, based on femtosecond laser waveguide writing, of partially polarizing beam splitters on a glass chip. We characterize the logical truth table of the quantum gate demonstrating its high fidelity to the expected one. In addition, we show the ability of this gate to transform separable states into entangled ones and vice versa. Finally, the full accessibility of our device is exploited to carry out a complete characterization of the CNOT gate through a quantum process tomography.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 765  
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