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Vorobyov, V. V.; Kazakov, A. Y.; Soshenko, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Shalaginov, M. Y.; Bolshedvorskii, S. V.; Sorokin, V. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Shalaev, V. M.; Akimov, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Superconducting detector for visible and near-infrared quantum emitters [Invited] |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Opt. Mater. Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Mater. Express |
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Volume |
7 |
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2 |
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513-526 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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Abstract |
Further development of quantum emitter based communication and sensing applications intrinsically depends on the availability of robust single-photon detectors. Here, we demonstrate a new generation of superconducting single-photon detectors specifically optimized for the 500–1100 nm wavelength range, which overlaps with the emission spectrum of many interesting solid-state atom-like systems, such as nitrogen-vacancy and silicon-vacancy centers in diamond. The fabricated detectors have a wide dynamic range (up to 350 million counts per second), low dark count rate (down to 0.1 counts per second), excellent jitter (62 ps), and the possibility of on-chip integration with a quantum emitter. In addition to performance characterization, we tested the detectors in real experimental conditions involving nanodiamond nitrogen-vacancy emitters enhanced by a hyperbolic metamaterial. |
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2159-3930 |
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1234 |
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Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Shcherbatenko, M.; Lobanov, Y.; Ozhegov, R.; Korneev, A.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Pernice, W.; Gol'tsman, G. |
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Title |
On-chip coherent detection with quantum limited sensitivity |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Sci Rep |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
4812 |
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Keywords |
waveguide, SSPD, SNSPD |
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While single photon detectors provide superior intensity sensitivity, spectral resolution is usually lost after the detection event. Yet for applications in low signal infrared spectroscopy recovering information about the photon's frequency contributions is essential. Here we use highly efficient waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detectors for on-chip coherent detection. In a single nanophotonic device, we demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 86% on-chip detection efficiency, as well as heterodyne coherent detection with spectral resolution f/f exceeding 10(11). By mixing a local oscillator with the single photon signal field, we observe frequency modulation at the intermediate frequency with ultra-low local oscillator power in the femto-Watt range. By optimizing the nanowire geometry and the working parameters of the detection scheme, we reach quantum-limited sensitivity. Our approach enables to realize matrix integrated heterodyne nanophotonic devices in the C-band wavelength range, for classical and quantum optics applications where single-photon counting as well as high spectral resolution are required simultaneously. |
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National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russia. ggoltsman@hse.ru |
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2045-2322 |
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PMID:28684752; PMCID:PMC5500578 |
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RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ |
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1129 |
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Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Lobanov, Y.; Shcherbatenko, M.; Korneev, A.; Pernice, W.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector for on-chip quantum and spectral photonic application |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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Volume |
917 |
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Pages |
062032 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, waveguide |
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With use of the travelling-wave geometry approach, integrated superconductor- nanophotonic devices based on silicon nitride nanophotonic waveguide with a superconducting NbN-nanowire suited on top of the waveguide were fabricated. NbN-nanowire was operated as a single-photon counting detector with up to 92 % on-chip detection efficiency in the coherent mode, serving as a highly sensitive IR heterodyne mixer with spectral resolution (f/df) greater than 106 in C-band at 1550 nm wavelength |
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RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ |
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1140 |
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Author |
Korneev, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Pernice, W.; An, P.; Golikov, A.; Zubkova, E.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors for Integrated Nanophotonics Circuits |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
16th ISEC |
Abbreviated Journal |
16th ISEC |
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1-3 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present an overview of our recent achievements in integration of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors SNSPD with dielectric optical waveguides. We are able to produce complex nanophotonics integrated circuits containing optical elements and photon detector on single chip thus producing a compact integrated platform for quantum optics applications. |
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8314200 |
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1200 |
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Zolotov, P. I.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Morozov, P. V.; Seleznev, V. A.; Smirnov, K. V. |
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Title |
Development of high-effective superconducting single-photon detectors aimed for mid-IR spectrum range |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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Volume |
917 |
Issue |
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Pages |
062037 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We report on development of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD) with high intrinsic quantum efficiency in the wavelength range 1.31 – 3.3 μm. By optimization of the NbN film thickness and its compound, we managed to improve detection efficiency of the detectors in the range up to 3.3 μm. Optimized devices showed intrinsic quantum efficiencies as high as 10% at mid-IR range. |
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1742-6588 |
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1233 |
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Author |
Zolotov, P.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Divochiy, A.; Morozov, P.; Seleznev, V.; Smirnov, K |
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Development of fast and high-effective single-photon detector for spectrum range up to 2.3 μm |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
Publication |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
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439-440 |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present the results of development and testing of the single-photon-counting system operating in the wide spectrum rane up to 2.3 mcm. We managed to increase system detection efficiency up to 60% in the range of 1.7-2.3 mcm optimisation of the fabrication methods of superconducting single-photon detectors and application of the single-mode fiber with enlarged core diameter. |
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St. Petersburg, Russia |
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1255 |
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Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Lobanov, Yu; Shcherbatenko, M.; Korneev, A; Pernice, W.; Goltsman, G. |
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Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector for on-chip quantum and spectral photonic application |
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Conference Volume |
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2017 |
Publication |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
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421-422 |
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Keywords |
waveguide, SSPD, SNSPD |
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By adopting a travelling-wave geometry approach, integrated superconductor- nanophotonic devices were fabricated. The architecture consists of a superconducting NbN- nanowire atop of a silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) nanophotonic waveguide. NbN-nanowire was operated as a single-photon counting detector, with up to 92% on-chip detection efficiency (OCDE), in the coherent mode, serving as a highly sensitive IR heterodyne mixer with spectral resolution (f/df) greater than 10^6 in C-band at 1550 nm wavelength. |
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St. Petersburg, Russia |
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Duplicated as 1140 |
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1256 |
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Author |
Goltsman, G. |
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Superconducting thin film as infrared heterodyne and direct detectors |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
16th ISEC |
Abbreviated Journal |
16th ISEC |
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1-3 |
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Keywords |
optical waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chip-quantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device. |
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8314188 |
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1323 |
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Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Vdovichev, S.; Moshkova, M.; Simonov, N.; Kaurova, N.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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Comparison of hot spot formation in nbn and mon thin superconducting films after photon absorption |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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27 |
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4 |
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1-4 |
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MoNx SSPD |
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In superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD), the efficiency of local suppression of superconductivity and hotspot formation is controlled by diffusivity and electron-phonon interaction time. Here, we selected a material, 3.6-nm-thick MoNx film, which features diffusivity close to those of NbN traditionally used for SSPD fabrication, but with electron-phonon interaction time an order of magnitude larger. In MoN ∞ detectors, we study the dependence of detection efficiency on bias current, photon energy, and strip width, and compare it with NbN SSPD. We observe nonlinear current-energy dependence in MoNx SSPD and more pronounced plateaus in dependences of detection efficiency on bias current, which we attribute to longer electron-phonon interaction time. |
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1051-8223 |
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1325 |
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Elezov, M. S.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Makarov, V.; Vinogradov, E. A.; Naumov, A. V.; Gladush, M. G.; Karimullin, K. R. |
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Development of the experimental setup for investigation of latching of superconducting single-photon detector caused by blinding attack on the quantum key distribution system |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
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EPJ Web Conf. |
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EPJ Web Conf. |
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132 |
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01004 (1 to 2) |
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QKD, SSPD, SNSPD |
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Recently bright-light control of the SSPD has been demonstrated. This attack employed a “backdoor” in the detector biasing scheme. Under bright-light illumination, SSPD becomes resistive and remains “latched” in the resistive state even when the light is switched off. While the SSPD is latched, Eve can simulate SSPD single-photon response by sending strong light pulses, thus deceiving Bob. We developed the experimental setup for investigation of a dependence on latching threshold of SSPD on optical pulse length and peak power. By knowing latching threshold it is possible to understand essential requirements for development countermeasures against blinding attack on quantum key distribution system with SSPDs. |
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2100-014X |
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1327 |
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