Driessen EFC, Braakman FR, Reiger EM, Dorenbos SN, Zwiller V, de Dood MJA. Impedance model for the polarization-dependent optical absorption of superconducting single-photon detectors. Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.. 2009;47:10701.
Abstract: We measured the single-photon detection efficiency of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors as a function of the polarization state of the incident light for different wavelengths in the range from 488 nm to 1550 nm. The polarization contrast varies from ~% at 488 nm to~0% at 1550 nm, in good agreement with numerical calculations. We use an optical-impedance model to describe the absorption for polarization parallel to the wires of the detector. For the extremely lossy NbN material, the absorption can be kept constant by keeping the product of layer thickness and filling factor constant. As a consequence, the maximum possible absorption is independent of filling factor. By illuminating the detector through the substrate, an absorption efficiency of ~0% can be reached for a detector on Si or GaAs, without the need for an optical cavity.
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Driessen EFC. Coupling light to periodic nanostructures. Fac Scien, Leiden Un. 2009:144.
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Dryazgov M, Semenov A, Manova N, Korneeva Y, Korneev A. Modelling of normal domain evolution after single-photon absorption of a superconducting strip of micron width. In: J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Vol 1695.; 2020. 012195 (1 to 4).
Abstract: The present paper describes a modelling of normal domain evolution in superconducting strip of micron width using solving differential equations describing the temperature and current changes. The solving results are compared with experimental data. This comparison demonstrates the high accuracy of the model. In future, it is possible to employ this model for improvement of single photon detector based on micron-scale superconducting strips.
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Ejrnaes M, Cristiano R, Quaranta O, Pagano S, Gaggero A, Mattioli F, et al. A cascade switching superconducting single photon detector. Appl Phys Lett. 2007;91(26):262509 (1 to 3).
Abstract: We have realized superconducting single photon detectors with reduced inductance and increased signal pulse amplitude. The detectors are based on a parallel connection of ultrathin NbN nanowires with a common bias inductance. When properly biased, an absorbed photon induces a cascade switch of all the parallel wires generating a signal pulse amplitude of 2mV. The parallel wire configuration lowers the detector inductance and reduces the response time well below 1ns.
This work was performed in the framework of the EU project “SINPHONIA” NMP4-CT-2005-016433.
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Elezov M, Ozhegov R, Goltsman G, Makarov V. Countermeasure against bright-light attack on superconducting nanowire single-photon detector in quantum key distribution. Opt Express. 2019;27(21):30979–88.
Abstract: We present an active anti-latching system for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We experimentally test it against a bright-light attack, previously used to compromise security of quantum key distribution. Although our system detects continuous blinding, the detector is shown to be partially blindable and controllable by specially tailored sequences of bright pulses. Improvements to the countermeasure are suggested.
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