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Wright EL, Reese ED. Detection of the cosmic infrared background at 2.2 and 3.5 microns using DIRBE observations. Astrophys. J.. 2000;545(1):43–55.
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Saslaw WC. The distribution of the galaxies. Gravitational clustering in cosmology.; 2000.
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Kawamura J, Blundell R, Tong C-YE, Papa DC, Hunter TR, Paine SN, et al. Superconductive hot-electron-bolometer mixer receiver for 800-GHz operation. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Techn. 2000;48(4):683–9.
Abstract: In this paper, we describe a superconductive hot-electron-bolometer mixer receiver designed to operate in the partially transmissive 350-μm atmospheric window. The receiver employs an NbN thin-film microbridge as the mixer element, in which the main cooling mechanism of the hot electrons is through electron-phonon interaction. At a local-oscillator frequency of 808 GHz, the measured double-sideband receiver noise temperature is TRX=970 K, across a 1-GHz intermediate-frequency bandwidth centered at 1.8 GHz. We have measured the linearity of the receiver and the amount of local-oscillator power incident on the mixer for optimal operation, which is PLO≈1 μW. This receiver was used in making observations as a facility instrument at the Heinrich Hertz Telescope, Mt. Graham, AZ, during the 1998-1999 winter observing season.
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Nagatsuma T, Hirata A, Royter Y, Shinagawa M, Furuta T, Ishibashi T, et al. A 120-GHz integrated photonic transmitter. In: Proc. International topical meeting on microwave photonics (MWP 2000).; 2000. p. 225–8.
Abstract: A photonics-based 120-GHz transmitter has been developed. A photodiode, a planar antenna and a silicon lens were integrated to form a compact millimeter-wave (MMW) emitter. The MMW signal emitted from the transmitter has been detected with a waveguide-mounted Schottky diode. The received power exceeded 100 μW, which is the highest value ever reported for photonic MMW transmitter at frequencies of >100 GHz
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Hoevers HFC, Bento AC, Bruijn MP, Gottardi L, Korevaar MAN, Mels WA, et al. Thermal fluctuation noise in a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer. Appl Phys Lett. 2000;77(26):4421–4.
Abstract: The current noise at the output of a microcalorimeter with a voltage biased superconducting transition edge thermometer is studied in detail. In addition to the two well-known noise sources: thermal fluctuation noise from the heat link to the bath and Johnson noise from the resistive thermometer, a third noise source strongly correlated with the steepness of the thermometer is required to fit the measured noise spectra. Thermal fluctuation noise, originating in the thermometer itself, fully explains the additional noise. A simple model provides quantitative agreement between the observed and calculated noise spectra for all bias points in the superconducting transition.
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