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Baeva, E. M.; Titova, N. A.; Kardakova, A. I.; Piatrusha, S. U.; Khrapai, V. S. |
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Title |
Universal bottleneck for thermal relaxation in disordered metallic films |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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JETP Lett. |
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Jetp Lett. |
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111 |
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2 |
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104-108 |
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NbN disordered metallic films, thermal relaxation |
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We study the heat relaxation in current biased metallic films in the regime of strong electron–phonon coupling. A thermal gradient in the direction normal to the film is predicted, with a spatial temperature profile determined by the temperature-dependent heat conduction. In the case of strong phonon scattering, the heat conduction occurs predominantly via the electronic system and the profile is parabolic. This regime leads to the linear dependence of the noise temperature as a function of bias voltage, in spite of the fact that all the dimensions of the film are large compared to the electron–phonon relaxation length. This is in stark contrast to the conventional scenario of relaxation limited by the electron–phonon scattering rate. A preliminary experimental study of a 200-nm-thick NbN film indicates the relevance of our model for materials used in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. |
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0021-3640 |
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1164 |
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Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gusinskii, E. N.; Malyavkin, A. V.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Selevko, A. G.; Edel'shtein, V. M. |
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Title |
The excitonic Zeeman effect in uniaxially-strained germanium |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1987 |
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Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1233-1241 |
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Keywords |
Ge, Zeeman effect |
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We have carried out a high-resolution spectroscopic study of the absorption of submillimeter radiation by free excitons in germanium compressed along the [ 1 11 ] axis in a magnetic field parallel to the compression axis. In particular, we studied the splitting of the 1s- 2p transition in fields up to 6 kOe at T = 1.6 K, and observed a complex pattern in the Zeeman splitting which we believe is related to the effect of thermal motion of the excitons in a magnetic field on their internal structure (the magneto-Stark effect). The calculated submillimeter spectrum of excitons agrees with the experimental data. We predict that in a magnetic field the energy of the 2p, term is a minimum at a finite value of the exciton momentum perpendicular to the field-that is, the energy minimum forms a ring in momentum space. It follows that the density of states for this term must be a nonmonotonic function of the energy. A theory is developed of analogous phenomena in positronium. |
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1705 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Riger, E. R. |
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Title |
Effect of electron-electron collisions on the trapping of free carriers by shallow impurity centers in germanium |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1986 |
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Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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64 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
889-897 |
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Keywords |
Ge, trapping of free carriers |
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Cascade Auger recombination of free carriers on shallow impurities in Ge is investigated under quasi-equilibrium conditions (T= 2-12 K) and in impurity breakdown. The Auger capture cross sections are found to be a,= 5. 10-l9 T-'n cm2 for donors and uip= 7- T-5p cm2 for acceptors. It is shown that in an isotropic semiconductor (p-Ge) ui is well described by the cascade-capture theory that takes into account only electron-electron collisions. In an anisotropic semiconductor ui is considerably larger (n-Ge, strongly uniaxially compressedp-Ge). Under impurity breakdown conditions the electron-electron collisions determine the lifetimes of the free carriers only in samples with appreciable density of the compensating impurity (Nk loi3 cmP3). |
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1707 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Lulkin, A.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Electron-phonon interaction in ultrathin Nb films |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
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Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
70 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
505-511 |
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Keywords |
Nb films |
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A study was made of the heating of electrons in normal resistive states of superconducting thin Nb films. The directly determined relaxation time of the resistance of a sample and the rise of the electron temperature were used to find the electron-phonon interaction time rep,, The dependence of rep, on the mean free path of electrons re,, a 1-'demonstrated, in agreement with the theoretical predictions, that the contribution of the inelastic scattering of electrons by impurities to the energy relaxation process decreased at low temperatures and the observed temperature dependence rep, a T 2 was due to a modification of the phonon spectrum in thin fllms.
1. Much new information on the electron-phonon interaction time?;,, in thin films of normal metals and superconductors has been published recently. This information has been obtained mainly as a result of two types of measurement. One includes experiments on weak electron localization investigated by the method of quantum interference corrections to the conductivity of disordered conductors, which can be used to find the relaxation time T, of the phase of the electron wave function. In the absence of the scattering of electrons by paramagnetic impurities the relaxation time T, is associated with the most effective process of energy relaxation: T;= TL+ rep;, where T,, is the electronelectron relaxation time. At low temperatures, when the dependence T; a T is exhibited by thin disordered films, the dominant channel is that of the electron-electron relaxation and there is a lower limit to the temperature range in which rep, can be investigated. |
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241 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Heating of electrons in a superconductor in the resistive state by electromagnetic radiation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1984 |
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Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
442-450 |
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Keywords |
Nb HEB |
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The effect of heating of electrons relative to phonons is observed and investigated in a superconducting film that is made resistive by current and by an external magnetic field. The effect is manifested by an increase of the film resistance under the influence of the electromagnetic radiation, and is not selective in the frequency band 10^10-10^15 Hz. The independence of the effect of frequency under conditions of strong scattering by static defects is attributed to the decisive role of electron-electron collisions in the distribution function. The experimentally obtained characteristic time of resistance variation near the superconducting transition corresponds to the relaxation time of the order parameter, while at lower temperatures and fields it corresponds to the time of the inelastic electron-phonon interaction. |
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RPLAB @ phisix @ |
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983 |
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