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Tong CYE, Blundell R, Bumble B, Stern JA, LeDuc HG. Sub-Millimeter distributed quasiparticle receiver employing a non-Linear transmission line. In: Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol.; 1996. 47.
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Tong CYE, Blundell R, Paine S, Papa DC, Kawamura J, Stern J, et al. Design and characterization of a 250-350 GHz fixed-tuned superconductor-insulator-insulator receiver. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn.. 1996;44(9):1548–56.
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Burke PJ, Schoelkopf RJ, Prober DE, Skalare A, Karasik BS, Gaidis MC, et al. Spectrum of thermal fluctuation noise in diffusion and phonon cooled hot-electron mixers. Appl Phys Lett. 1998;72(12):1516–8.
Abstract: A systematic study of the intermediate frequency noise bandwidth of Nb thin-film superconducting hot-electron bolometers is presented. We have measured the spectrum of the output noise as well as the conversion efficiency over a very broad intermediate frequency range (from 0.1 to 7.5 GHz) for devices varying in length from 0.08 μm to 3 μm. Local oscillator and rf signals from 8 to 40 GHz were used. For a device of a given length, the spectrum of the output noise and the conversion efficiency behave similarly for intermediate frequencies less than the gain bandwidth, in accordance with a simple thermal model for both the mixing and thermal fluctuation noise. For higher intermediate frequencies the conversion efficiency decreases; in contrast, the noise decreases but has a second contribution which dominates at higher frequency. The noise bandwidth is larger than the gain bandwidth, and the mixer noise is low, between 120 and 530 K (double side band).
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Wyss RA, Karasik BS, McGrath WR, Bamble B, LeDuc H. Noise and bandwidth measurements of diffusion–cooled Nb hot–electron bolometer mixers at frequencies above the superconductive energy gap. In: Proc. 10th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. Charlottesville, Virginia; 1999. p. 215–29.
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Chattopadhyay G, Rice F, Miller D, LeDuc HG, Zmuidzinas J. A 530-GHz balanced mixer. IEEE Microw. and Guided Wave Lett.. 1999;9(11):467–9.
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