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Pernice, W. H. P.; Schuck, C.; Minaeva, O.; Li, M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X. |
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Title |
High-speed and high-efficiency travelling wave single-photon detectors embedded in nanophotonic circuits |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nat. Commun. |
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Nat. Commun. |
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Volume |
3 |
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1325 (1 to 10) |
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Keywords |
waveguide SSPD |
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Ultrafast, high-efficiency single-photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. However, imperfect modal matching and finite photon absorption rates have usually limited their maximum attainable detection efficiency. Here we demonstrate superconducting nanowire detectors atop nanophotonic waveguides, which enable a drastic increase of the absorption length for incoming photons. This allows us to achieve high on-chip single-photon detection efficiency up to 91% at telecom wavelengths, repeatable across several fabricated chips. We also observe remarkably low dark count rates without significant compromise of the on-chip detection efficiency. The detectors are fully embedded in scalable silicon photonic circuits and provide ultrashort timing jitter of 18 ps. Exploiting this high temporal resolution, we demonstrate ballistic photon transport in silicon ring resonators. Our direct implementation of a high-performance single-photon detector on chip overcomes a major barrier in integrated quantum photonics. |
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Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA |
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2041-1723 |
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PMID:23271658; PMCID:PMC3535416 |
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1375 |
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Minaeva, O.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Sergienko, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Title |
High speed infrared photon counting with photon number resolving superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) |
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Conference Article |
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2009 |
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CLEO/Europe – EQEC |
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CLEO/Europe – EQEC |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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A review of development and characterization of the nanostructures consisting of several meander sections, all connected in parallel was presented. Such geometry leads to a significant decrease of the kinetic inductance, without a decrease of the SSPD active area. A new type of SSPDs possess the QE of large-active- area devices, but, simultaneously, allows achieving short response times and the GHz-counting rate. This new generation of superconducting detectors has another significant advantage for quantum key distribution, they have a photon number resolving capability and can distinguish more photons. |
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1399 |
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Mohan, N.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Nasr, M. B.; Saleh, B. E.; Sergienko, A. V.; Teich, M. C. |
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Photon-counting optical coherence-domain reflectometry using superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Opt. Express |
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Opt. Express |
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16 |
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22 |
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18118-18130 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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We consider the use of single-photon counting detectors in coherence-domain imaging. Detectors operated in this mode exhibit reduced noise, which leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility of using superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for optical coherence-domain reflectometry (OCDR). These detectors are sensitive over the full spectral range that is useful for carrying out such imaging in biological samples. With counting rates as high as 100 MHz, SSPDs also offer a high rate of data acquisition if the light flux is sufficient. |
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Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. nm82@bu.edu |
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1094-4087 |
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PMID:18958090 |
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1407 |
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Nasr, M. B.; Minaeva, O.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Saleh, B. E.; Teich, M. C. |
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Submicron axial resolution in an ultrabroadband two-photon interferometer using superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2008 |
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Opt. Express |
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Opt. Express |
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16 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
15104-15108 |
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Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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We generate ultrabroadband biphotons via the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a quasi-phase-matched nonlinear grating that has a linearly chirped poling period. Using these biphotons in conjunction with superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), we measure the narrowest Hong-Ou-Mandel dip to date in a two-photon interferometer, having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 5.7 fsec. This FWHM corresponds to a quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT) axial resolution of 0.85 µm. Our results indicate that a high flux of nonoverlapping biphotons may be generated, as required in many applications of nonclassical light. |
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Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Physics, Quantum Imaging Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. boshra@bu.edu |
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1094-4087 |
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PMID:18795048 |
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1408 |
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Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Gorska, M.; Rieger, E.; Dorenbos, P.; Zwiller, V.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Antipov, A.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Komissarov, I.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Fiber-coupled NbN superconducting single-photon detectors for quantum correlation measurements |
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Conference Article |
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2007 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
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6583 |
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65830J (1 to 11) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single-photon detectors, single-photon detectors, fiber-coupled optical detectors, quantum correlations, superconducting devices |
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We have fabricated fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), designed for quantum-correlationtype experiments. The SSPDs are nanostructured ( 100-nm wide and 4-nm thick) NbN superconducting meandering stripes, operated in the 2 to 4.2 K temperature range, and known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible to nearinfrared photons with almost negligible dark counts. Our latest devices are pigtailed structures with coupling between the SSPD structure and a single-mode optical fiber achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the meander. The above arrangement withstands repetitive thermal cycling between liquid helium and room temperature, and we can reach the coupling efficiency of up to 33%. The system quantum efficiency, measured as the ratio of the photons counted by SSPD to the total number of photons coupled into the fiber, in our early devices was found to be around 0.3 % and 1% for 1.55 &mgr;m and 0.9 &mgr;m photon wavelengths, respectively. The photon counting rate exceeded 250 MHz. The receiver with two SSPDs, each individually biased, was placed inside a transport, 60-liter liquid helium Dewar, assuring uninterrupted operation for over 2 months. Since the receiver’s optical and electrical connections are at room temperature, the set-up is suitable for any applications, where single-photon counting capability and fast count rates are desired. In our case, it was implemented for photon correlation experiments. The receiver response time, measured as a second-order photon cross-correlation function, was found to be below 400 ps, with timing jitter of less than 40 ps. |
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Spie |
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Dusek, M.; Hillery, M.S.; Schleich, W.P.; Prochazka, I.; Migdall, A.L.; Pauchard, A. |
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Photon Counting Applications, Quantum Optics, and Quantum Cryptography |
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1431 |
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