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	Author	Ozhegov, R. V.; Smirnov, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Divochiy, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N.
	Title	Ultrafast superconducting bolometer receivers for terahertz applications			Type	Abstract
	Year	2009	Publication	Proc. PIERS	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. PIERS
	Volume		Issue		Pages	867
	Keywords	HEB
	Abstract	The research by the group of Moscow State Pedagogical University into the hot-electron phenomena in thin superconducting films has led to the development of new types of detectors and their use both in fundamental and applied studies. In this paper, we present the results of testing the terahertz HEB receiver systems based on ultrathin (∼ 4 nm) NbN and MoRe detectors with a response time of 50 ps and 1 ns, respectively. We have developed three types of devices which differ in the way a terahertz signal is coupled to the detector and cover the following ranges: 0.3–3 THz, 0.1–30 THz and 25–70 THz. In the case of the receiving system optimized for 0.3–3 THz, the sensitive element (a strip of asuperconductor with planar dimensions of 0.2μm (length) by 1.7μm (width)) was integrated witha planar broadband log-spiral antenna. For additional focusing ofthe incident radiation a silicon hyperhemispherical lens was used. For the 0.1–30 THz receivingsystem, the sensitive element was patterned as parallel strips(2μm wide each) filling an area of 500×500μm2with a filling factor of 0.5. In the receivingsystem of this type we used direct coupling of the incident radiation to the sensitive element. Inthe 25–70 THz range (detector type 2/2a in Table 1) we used a square-shaped superconductingdetector with planar dimensions of 10×10μm2. Incident radiation was coupled to the detectorwith the use of a germanium hyperhemispherical lens.The response time of the above receiving systems is determined by the cooling rate of the hotelectrons in the film. That depends on the electron-phonon interaction time, which is less forultrathin NbN than in MoRe.
	Address	Moscow, Russia
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	The Electromagnetics Academy	Place of Publication	777 Concord Avenue, Suite 207 Cambridge, MA 02138	Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1559-9450	ISBN	978-1-934142-09-7	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	RPLAB @ sasha @ ozhegovultrafast			Serial	1022
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	Author	Gol'tsman, G.; Maslennikov, S.; Finkel, M.; Antipov, S.; Kaurova, N.; Grishina, E.; Polyakov, S.; Vachtomin, Y.; Svechnikov, S.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.
	Title	Nanostructured ultrathin NbN film as a terahertz hot-electron bolometer mixer			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Proc. MRS	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. MRS
	Volume	935	Issue		Pages	210 (1 to 6)
	Keywords	NbN HEB mixers
	Abstract	Planar spiral antenna coupled and directly lens coupled NbN HEB mixer structures are studied. An additional MgO buffer layer between the superconducting film and Si substrate is introduced. The buffer layer enables us to increase the gain bandwidth of a HEB mixer due to better acoustic transparency. The gain bandwidth is widened as NbN film thickness decreases and amounts to 5.2 GHz. The noise temperature of antenna coupled mixer is 1300 and 3100 K at 2.5 and 3.8 THz respectively. The structure and composition of NbN films is investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy methods. Noise performance degradation at LO frequencies more than 3 THz is due to the use of a planar antenna and signal loss in contacts between the antenna and the sensitive NbN bridge. The mixer is reconfigured for operation at higher frequencies in a manner that receiver’s noise temperature is only 2300 K (3 times of quantum limit) at LO frequency of 30 THz.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0272-9172	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1440
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	Author	Ryabchun, S.; Smirnov, A.; Pentin, I.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Smirnov, K.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G.
	Title	Superconducting single photon detector integrated with optical cavity			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Proc. MLPLIT	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. MLPLIT
	Volume		Issue		Pages	143-145
	Keywords	NbN SSPD, cavity
	Abstract
	Address	Suzdal / Vladimir (Russia)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Modern laser physics and laser-information technologies for science and manufacture	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	1st international russian-chinese conference / youthschool-workshop
	Notes	September 23-28, 2011			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1385
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	Author	Maslennikova, A.; Larionov, P.; Ryabchun, S.; Smirnov, A.; Pentin, I.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Smirnov, K.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G.
	Title	Noise equivalent power and dynamic range of NBN hot-electron bolometers			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2011	Publication	Proc. MLPLIT	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. MLPLIT
	Volume		Issue		Pages	146-148
	Keywords	NbN HEB
	Abstract
	Address	Suzdal / Vladimir (Russia)
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Modern laser physics and laser-information technologies for science and manufacture	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	1st international russian-chinese conference / youthschool-workshop
	Notes	September 23-28, 2011			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1386
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	Author	Semenov, A. D.; Hübers, H.-W.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Smirnov, K.
	Title	Superconducting quantum detector for astronomy and X-ray spectroscopy			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2002	Publication	Proc. Int. Workshop on Supercond. Nano-Electronics Devices	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. Int. Workshop on Supercond. Nano-Electronics Devices
	Volume		Issue		Pages	201-210
	Keywords	NbN SSPD, SNSPD, SQD, superconducting quantum detectors, X-ray spectroscopy
	Abstract	We propose the novel concept of ultra-sensitive energy-dispersive superconducting quantum detectors prospective for applications in astronomy and X-ray spectroscopy. Depending on the superconducting material and operation conditions, such detector may allow realizing background limited noise equivalent power 10−21 W Hz−1/2 in the terahertz range when exposed to 4-K background radiation or counting of 6-keV photon with almost 10—4 energy resolution. Planar layout and relatively simple technology favor integration of elementary detectors into a detector array.
	Address	Naples, Italy
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer	Place of Publication	Boston, MA	Editor	Pekola, J.; Ruggiero, B.; Silvestrini, P.
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN	978-1-4615-0737-6	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference	International Workshop on Superconducting Nano-Electronics Devices, May 28-June 1, 2001
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	semenov2002superconducting			Serial	1525
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