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Goltsman, Gregory N. |
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Title |
Development and applications of terahertz hot electron bolometers |
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2021 |
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1st Moscow Int. Conf. on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments |
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1st Moscow Int. Conf. on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments |
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The development of techniques and technologies for the deposition of ultrathin superconducting films, the creation of superconducting structures on a nanometer scale is the basis of significant progress in the field of superconducting receiving systems. Ultrathin NbN films are the basis for a wide range of record-breaking hot electron devices: direct and heterodyne terahertz detectors. Terahertz receivers are especially in demand in high-resolution spectroscopy for astronomical, atmospheric, and medical research. HEB receivers are widely used in terahertz radio astronomy. For example, the Dutch SRON Institute is preparing a project for the GUSTO hot air balloon telescope with a HEB mixer array at 1.4 THz and 1.9 THz. A 5-meter Chinese terahertz telescope DATE5 with HEB mixers at 1.4 THz is installed at the South Pole. The Stratospheric Observatory (SOFIA) uses HEB mixer matrices in the GREAT instrument operating in the 1.2 – 4.7 THz range. It is planned to implement the international project Origins Space Telescope (OST) in the far infrared region based on HEB receivers. The Japanese project Smiles-2 will allow measurements at 1.8 THz in the upper layers of the stratosphere and mesosphere. The development of the Millimetron space observatory continues in Russia. |
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First Moscow International Conference on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments, Astro Space Center, Moscow, 12-16 April 2021, id. 2 |
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Downloaded from https://millimetron.ru/conference_2021/Goltsman.pdf; Author: Sergey; Last modification: 2021-04-14 |
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1771 |
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Moshkova, M. A.; Morozov, P. V.; Antipov, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V. |
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High-efficiency multi-element superconducting single-photon detector |
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2021 |
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Proc. SPIE |
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Proc. SPIE |
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11771 |
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2-8 |
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PNR SSPD, large active area, detection efficiency |
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We present the result of the creation and investigation of the multi-element superconducting single photon detectors, which can recognize the number of photons (up to six) in a short pulse of the radiation at telecommunication wavelengths range. The best receivers coupled with single-mode fiber have the system quantum efficiency of ⁓85%. The receivers have a 100 ps time resolution and a few nanoseconds dead time that allows them to operate at megahertz counting rate. Implementation of the multi-element architecture for creation of the superconducting single photon detectors with increased sensitive area allows to create the high efficiency receivers coupled with multi-mode fibers and with preserving of the all advantages of superconducting photon counters. |
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SPIE |
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Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A. |
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Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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1795 |
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Korneev, A. A. |
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Superconducting NbN microstrip single-photon detectors |
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2021 |
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Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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11771 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors (SSPD) invented two decades ago have evolved to a mature technology and have become devices of choice in the advanced applications of quantum optics, such as quantum cryptography and optical quantum computing. In these applications SSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers and feature almost unity detection efficiency, negligible dark counts, picosecond timing jitter and MHz photon count rate. Meanwhile, there are great many applications requiring coupling to multi-mode fibers or free space. ‘Classical’ SSPDs with 100-nm-wide superconducting strip and covering area of about 100 µm2 are not suitable for further scaling due to degradation of performance and low fabrication yield. Recently we have demonstrated single-photon counting in micron-wide superconducting bridges and strips. Here we present our approach to the realization of practical photon-counting detectors of large enough area to be efficiently coupled to multi-mode fibers or free space. The detector is either a meander or a spiral of 1-µm-wide strip covering an area of 50x50 µm2. Being operated at 1.7K temperature it demonstrates the saturated detection efficiency (i.e. limited by the absorption in the detector) up to 1550 nm wavelength, about 10 ns dead time and timing jitter in range 50-100 ps. |
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SPIE |
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Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A. |
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Quantum Optics and Photon Counting; SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2021, Online Only |
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1784 |
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Baeva, E. M.; Titova, N. A.; Veyrat, L.; Sacépé, B.; Semenov, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Kardakova, A. I.; Khrapai, V. S. |
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Thermal relaxation in metal films bottlenecked by diffuson lattice excitations of amorphous substrates |
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Miscellaneous |
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2021 |
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arXiv |
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arXiv |
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metal films, NbN, InOx, Au/Ni, thermal relaxation |
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Here we examine the role of the amorphous insulating substrate in the thermal relaxation in thin NbN, InOx, and Au/Ni films at temperatures above 5 K. The studied samples are made up of metal bridges on an amorphous insulating layer lying on or suspended above a crystalline substrate. Noise thermometry was used to measure the electron temperature Te of the films as a function of Joule power per unit of area P2D. In all samples, we observe the dependence P2D∝Tne with the exponent n≃2, which is inconsistent with both electron-phonon coupling and Kapitza thermal resistance. In suspended samples, the functional dependence of P2D(Te) on the length of the amorphous insulating layer is consistent with the linear T-dependence of the thermal conductivity, which is related to lattice excitations (diffusons) for the phonon mean free path smaller than the dominant phonon wavelength. Our findings are important for understanding the operation of devices embedded in amorphous dielectrics. |
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1163 |
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Author |
Polyakova, M. I.; Korneev, A. A.; Semenov, A. V. |
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Title |
Comparison single- and double- spot detection efficiencies of SSPD based to MoSi and NbN films |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012146 (1 to 3) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, MoSi |
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In this work, we present results of quantum detector tomography of superconducting single photon detector (SSPD) based on MoSi film, and compare them with previously reported data on NbN. We find that for both materials hot spot interaction length coincides with the strip width, and the dependence of single and double-spot detection efficiencies on bias current are compatible with sufficiently large hot-spot size, approaching the strip width. |
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1742-6588 |
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1787 |
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Manova, N. N.; Simonov, N. O.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A. |
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Developing of NbN films for superconducting microstrip single-photon detector |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012116 (1 to 5) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, NbN films |
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We optimized NbN films on a Si substrate with a buffer SiO2 layer to produce superconducting microstrip single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current. We varied thickness of films and observed the maximum QE saturation for device based on the thinner film with the lowest ratio RS300/RS20. |
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1742-6588 |
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1786 |
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Elezov, M. S.; Shcherbatenko, M. L.; Sych, D. V.; Goltsman, G. N. |
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Development of control method for an optimal quantum receiver |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012126 |
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Helstrom bound, SPD, single photon detector, below quantum limit |
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We propose a method for optimal displacement controlling of an optimal quantum receiver for registrations a binary coherent signal. An optimal receiver is able to distinguish between two phase-modulated states of a coherent signal. The optimal receiver controlling method can be used later in practice in various physical implementations of the optimal receiver. |
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1742-6588 |
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1264 |
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Elmanov, I.; Sardi, F.; Xia, K.; Kornher, T.; Kovalyuk, V.; Prokhodtsov, A.; An, P.; Kuzin, A.; Elmanova, A.; Goltsman, G.; Kolesov, R. |
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Development of focusing grating couplers for lithium niobate on insulator platform |
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Conference Article |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012127 |
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grating couplers, lithium niobat |
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In this paper, we fabricate and experimentally study focusing grating couplers for lithium niobate on an insulator photonic platform. The transmittance of a waveguide equipped with in- and out-couplers with respect to the grating period is measured with and without silicon dioxide cladding applied. Our results show the influence of silicon dioxide cladding on the efficiency and the central wavelength of grating couplers and can be used to improve grating coupling efficiency. Our study is supported by numerical simulations. |
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1742-6588 |
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1180 |
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Komrakova, S.; Kovalyuk, V.; An, P.; Golikov, A.; Rybin, M.; Obraztsova, E.; Goltsman, G. |
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Effective absorption coefficient of a graphene atop of silicon nitride nanophotonic circuit |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012135 |
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silicon nitride O-ring resonator, ORR |
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In this paper, we demonstrate the results of a study of the optical absorption properties of graphene integrated with silicon nitride O-ring resonator. We fabricated an array of O-ring resonators with different graphene coverage area atop. By measuring the transmission spectra of nanophotonic devices with and without graphene, we calculated the effective absorption coefficient of the graphene on a rib silicon nitride waveguide. |
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1177 |
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Shurakov, A.; Prikhodko, A.; Mikhailov, D.; Belikov, I.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. |
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Efficiency of a microwave reflectometry for readout of a THz multipixel Schottky diode direct detector |
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2020 |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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012156 |
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Shottky diode, THz, direct detector, multipixel camera |
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In this paper we report on the results of investigation of efficiency of a microwave reflectometry for readout of a terahertz multipixel Schottky diode direct detector. Decent capabilities of the microwave reflectometry readout were earlier justified by us for a hot electron bolometric direct detector. In case of a planar Schottky diode, we observed increase of an optical noise equivalent power by a factor of 2 compared to that measured within a conventional readout scheme. For implementation of a multipixel camera, a microwave reflectometer is to be used to readout each row of the camera, and the row switching is to be maintained by a CMOS analog multiplexer. The diodes within a row have to be equipped with filters to distribute the probing microwave signal properly. The simultaneous use of analog multiplexing and microwave reflectometry enables to reduce the camera response time by a factor of its number of columns. |
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