| Records |
| Author |
Lindgren, M.; Currie, M.; Zeng, W.-S.; Sobolewski, R.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Picosecond response of a superconducting hot-electron NbN photodetector |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
7-9 |
Pages |
423-428 |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
The ps optical response of ultrathin NbN photodetectors has been studied by electro-optic sampling. The detectors were fabricated by patterning ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) NbN films deposited on sapphire by reactive magnetron sputtering into either a 5×10 μm2 microbridge or 25 1 μm wide, 5 μm long strips connected in parallel. Both structures were placed at the center of a 4 mm long coplanar waveguide covered with Ti/Au. The photoresponse was studied at temperatures ranging from 2.15 K to 10 K, with the samples biased in the resistive (switched) state and illuminated with 100 fs wide laser pulses at 395 nm wavelength. At T=2.15 K, we obtained an approximately 100 ps wide transient, which corresponds to a NbN detector response time of 45 ps. The photoresponse can be attributed to the nonequilibrium electron heating effect, where the incident radiation increases the temperature of the electron subsystem, while the phonons act as the heat sink. The high-speed response of NbN devices makes them an excellent choice for an optoelectronic interface for superconducting digital circuits, as well as mixers for the terahertz regime. The multiple-strip detector showed a linear dependence on input optical power and a responsivity =3.9 V/W. |
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Edition |
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ISSN  |
0964-1807 |
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no |
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Serial |
1584 |
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| Author |
Marksteiner, M.; Divochiy, A.; Sclafani, M.; Haslinger, P.; Ulbricht, H.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. |
| Title |
A superconducting NbN detector for neutral nanoparticles |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Nanotechnol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
45 |
Pages |
455501 |
| Keywords |
SSPD; SNSPD; *Electric Conductivity; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure; Nanotechnology/*methods; *Photons |
| Abstract |
We present a proof-of-principle study of superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD) for the detection of individual neutral molecules/nanoparticles at low energies. The new detector is applied to characterize a laser desorption source for biomolecules and allows retrieval of the arrival time distribution of a pulsed molecular beam containing the amino acid tryptophan, the polypeptide gramicidin as well as insulin, myoglobin and hemoglobin. We discuss the experimental evidence that the detector is actually sensitive to isolated neutral particles. |
| Address |
University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. markus.arndt@univie.ac.at |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0957-4484 |
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| Notes |
PMID:19822928 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1239 |
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| Author |
Arutyunov, K. Y.; Ramos-Alvarez, A.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneeva, Y. P.; An, P. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Murphy, A.; Bezryadin, A.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Superconductivity in highly disordered NbN nanowires |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Nanotechnol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
47 |
Pages |
47lt02 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords |
NbN nanowires |
| Abstract |
The topic of superconductivity in strongly disordered materials has attracted significant attention. These materials appear to be rather promising for fabrication of various nanoscale devices such as bolometers and transition edge sensors of electromagnetic radiation. The vividly debated subject of intrinsic spatial inhomogeneity responsible for the non-Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer relation between the superconducting gap and the pairing potential is crucial both for understanding the fundamental issues of superconductivity in highly disordered superconductors, and for the operation of corresponding nanoelectronic devices. Here we report an experimental study of the electron transport properties of narrow NbN nanowires with effective cross sections of the order of the debated inhomogeneity scales. The temperature dependence of the critical current follows the textbook Ginzburg-Landau prediction for the quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channel I c approximately (1-T/T c)(3/2). We find that conventional models based on the the phase slip mechanism provide reasonable fits for the shape of R(T) transitions. Better agreement with R(T) data can be achieved assuming the existence of short 'weak links' with slightly reduced local critical temperature T c. Hence, one may conclude that an 'exotic' intrinsic electronic inhomogeneity either does not exist in our structures, or, if it does exist, it does not affect their resistive state properties, or does not provide any specific impact distinguishable from conventional weak links. |
| Address |
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics,109028, Moscow, Russia. P L Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems RAS, Moscow, 119334, Russia |
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English |
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0957-4484 |
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| Notes |
PMID:27782000 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1332 |
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| Author |
Gayduchenko, I. A.; Fedorov, G. E.; Moskotin, M. V.; Yagodkin, D. I.; Seliverstov, S. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Yu Kuntsevich, A.; Rybin, M. G.; Obraztsova, E. D.; Leiman, V. G.; Shur, M. S.; Otsuji, T.; Ryzhii, V. I. |
| Title |
Manifestation of plasmonic response in the detection of sub-terahertz radiation by graphene-based devices |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Nanotechnol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
245204 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords |
single layer graphene, graphene nanoribbons |
| Abstract |
We report on the sub-terahertz (THz) (129-450 GHz) photoresponse of devices based on single layer graphene and graphene nanoribbons with asymmetric source and drain (vanadium and gold) contacts. Vanadium forms a barrier at the graphene interface, while gold forms an Ohmic contact. We find that at low temperatures (77 K) the detector responsivity rises with the increasing frequency of the incident sub-THz radiation. We interpret this result as a manifestation of a plasmonic effect in the devices with the relatively long plasmonic wavelengths. Graphene nanoribbon devices display a similar pattern, albeit with a lower responsivity. |
| Address |
Physics Department, Moscow State University of Education, Moscow 119991, Russia. National Research Center 'Kurchatov Institute', 123182, Moscow, Russia |
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Edition |
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0957-4484 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:29553479 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1308 |
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| Author |
Sclafani, M.; Marksteiner, M.; Keir, F. M. L.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. |
| Title |
Sensitivity of a superconducting nanowire detector for single ions at low energy |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nanotechnol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
065501 (1 to 5) |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single ion detector, SSID, SNSID |
| Abstract |
We report on the characterization of a superconducting nanowire detector for ions at low kinetic energies. We measure the absolute single-particle detection efficiency eta and trace its increase with energy up to eta = 100%. We discuss the influence of noble gas adsorbates on the cryogenic surface and analyze their relevance for the detection of slow massive particles. We apply a recent model for the hot-spot formation to the incidence of atomic ions at energies between 0.2 and 1 keV. We suggest how the differences observed for photons and atoms or molecules can be related to the surface condition of the detector and we propose that the restoration of proper surface conditions may open a new avenue for SSPD-based optical spectroscopy on molecules and nanoparticles. |
| Address |
Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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0957-4484 |
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| Notes |
PMID:22248823 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1380 |
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| Author |
Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. |
| Title |
Low noise NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers at 1.9 and 2.5 THz |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
S224-S228 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer mixers (HEBs) have been realized with negligible contact resistance between the bolometer itself and the contact structure. Using a combination of in situ cleaning of the NbN film and the use of an additional superconducting interlayer of a 10 nm NbTiN layer between the Au of the contact structure and the NbN film superior noise temperatures have been obtained as low as 950 K at 2.5 THz and 750 K at 1.9 THz. Here we address in detail the DC characterization of these devices, the interface transparencies between the bolometers and the contacts and the consequences of these factors on the mixer performance. |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
558 |
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| Author |
Semenov, Alexei D; Gol'tsman, Gregory N; Sobolewski, Roman |
| Title |
Hot-electron effect in superconductors and its applications for radiation sensors |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Superconductor Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
R1-R16 |
| Keywords |
HEB, SSPD |
| Abstract |
The paper reviews the main aspects of nonequilibrium hot-electron phenomena in superconductors and various theoretical models developed to describe the hot-electron effect. We discuss implementation of the hot-electron avalanche mechanism in superconducting radiation sensors and present the most successful practical devices, such as terahertz mixers and direct intensity detectors, for far-infrared radiation. Our presentation also includes the novel approach to hot-electron quantum detection implemented in superconducting x-ray to optical photon counters. |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
416 |
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| Author |
Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Gousev, Y. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Lang, P. T.; Knott, W. J.; Renk, K. F. |
| Title |
Sensitive picosecond NbN detector for radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
453-456 |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB detectors |
| Abstract |
The authors report on the application of a broad-band NbN film detector which has high sensitivity and picosecond response time for detection of radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light. From a study of amplitude modulated radiation of backward-wave tubes and picosecond pulses from gas and solid state lasers at wavelengths between 2 mm and 0.53 mu m, they found a detectivity of 1010 W-1 cm Hz-1/2 and a response time of less than 50 ps at T=10 K. The characteristics were provided by using a 150 AA thick NbN film patterned into a structure of micron strips. According to the proposed detection mechanism, namely electron heating, they expect an intrinsic response time of approximately 20 ps at the same temperature. |
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| ISSN |
0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
242 |
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| Author |
Korneeva, Y. P.; Manova, N. N.; Dryazgov, M. A.; Simonov, N. O.; Zolotov, P. I.; Korneev, A. A. |
| Title |
Influence of sheet resistance and strip width on the detection efficiency saturation in micron-wide superconducting strips and large-area meanders |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
084001 |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SMSPD |
| Abstract |
We report our study of detection efficiency (DE) saturation in wavelength range 400 – 1550 nm for the NbN Superconducting Microstrip Single-Photon Detectors (SMSPD) featuring the strip width up to 3 μm. We observe an expected decrease of the $DE$ saturation plateau with the increase of photon wavelength and decrease of film sheet resistance. At 1.7 K temperature DE saturation can be clearly observed at 1550 nm wavelength in strip with the width up to 2 μm when sheet resistance of the film is above 630Ω/sq. In such strips the length of the saturation plateau almost does not depend on the strip width. We used these films to make meander-shaped detectors with the light sensitive area from 20×20μm2 to a circle 50 μm in diameter. In the latter case, the detector with the strip width of 0.49 μm demonstrates saturation of DE up to 1064 nm wavelength. Although DE at 1310 and 1550 nm is not saturated, it is as high as 60%. The response time is limited by the kinetic inductance and equals to 20 ns(by 1/e decay), timing jitter is 44 ps. When coupled to multi-mode fibre large-area meanders demonstrate significantly higher dark count rate which we attribute to thermal background photons, thus advanced filtering technique would be required for practical applications. |
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| ISSN |
0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1793 |
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| Author |
Zhang, W.; Miao, W.; Zhong, J. Q.; Shi, S. C.; Hayton, D. J.; Vercruyssen, N.; Gao, J. R.; Goltsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Temperature dependence of the receiver noise temperature and IF bandwidth of superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
085013 (1 to 5) |
| Keywords |
NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
In this paper we study the temperature dependence of the receiver noise temperature and IF noise bandwidth of superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. Three superconducting NbN HEB devices of different transition temperatures (Tc) are measured at 0.85 THz and 1.4 THz at different bath temperatures (Tbath) between 4 K and 9 K. Measurement results demonstrate that the receiver noise temperature of superconducting NbN HEB devices is nearly constant for Tbath/Tc, less than 0.8, which is consistent with the simulation based on a distributed hot-spot model. In addition, the IF noise bandwidth appears independent of Tbath/Tc, indicating the dominance of phonon cooling in the investigated HEB devices. |
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0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1358 |
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| Author |
Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Pershin, Y. P.; Manova, N. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Sivakov, A. G.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Goltsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Superconducting single-photon detector made of MoSi film |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
095012 |
| Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
We fabricated and characterized nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors made of 4 nm thick amorphous Mox Si1−x films. At 1.7 K the best devices exhibit a detection efficiency (DE) up to 18% at 1.2 $\mu {\rm m}$ wavelength of unpolarized light, a characteristic response time of about 6 ns and timing jitter of 120 ps. The DE was studied in wavelength range from 650 nm to 2500 nm. At wavelengths below 1200 nm these detectors reach their maximum DE limited by photon absorption in the thin MoSi film. |
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IOP Publishing |
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0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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no |
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RPLAB @ sasha @ korneeva2014superconducting |
Serial |
1044 |
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| Author |
Galin, M. A.; Klushin, A. M.; Kurin, V. V.; Seliverstov, S. V.; Finkel, M. I.; Goltsman, G. N.; Müller, F.; Scheller, T.; Semenov, A. D. |
| Title |
Towards local oscillators based on arrays of niobium Josephson junctions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
055002 (1 to 7) |
| Keywords |
Josephson junction local oscillators, JJ LO |
| Abstract |
Various applications in the field of terahertz technology are in urgent need of compact, wide-tunable solid-state continuous wave radiation sources with a moderate power. However, satisfactory solutions for the THz frequency range are scarce yet. Here we report on coherent radiation from a large planar array of Josephson junctions (JJs) in the frequency range between 0.1 and 0.3 THz. The external resonator providing the synchronization of JJ array is identified as a straight fragment of a single-strip-line containing the junctions themselves. We demonstrate a prototype of the quasioptical heterodyne receiver with the JJ array as a local oscillator and a hot-electron bolometer mixer. |
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| ISSN |
0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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no |
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Serial |
1347 |
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| Author |
Shurakov, A.; Lobanov, Y.; Goltsman, G. |
| Title |
Superconducting hot-electron bolometer: from the discovery of hot-electron phenomena to practical applications |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
023001 |
| Keywords |
HEB |
| Abstract |
The discovery of hot-electron phenomena in a thin superconducting film in the last century was followed by numerous experimental studies of its appearance in different materials aiming for a better understanding of the phenomena and consequent implementation of terahertz detection systems for practical applications. In contrast to the competitors such as superconductor-insulator-superconductor tunnel junctions and Schottky diodes, the hot electron bolometer (HEB) did not demonstrate any frequency limitation of the detection mechanism. The latter, in conjunction with a decent performance, rapidly made the HEB mixer the most attractive candidate for heterodyne observations at frequencies above 1 THz. The successful operation of practical instruments (the Heinrich Hertz Telescope, the Receiver Lab Telescope, APEX, SOFIA, Hershel) ensures the importance of the HEB technology despite the lack of rigorous theoretical routine for predicting the performance. In this review, we provide a summary of experimental and theoretical studies devoted to understanding the HEB physics, and an overview of various fabrication routes and materials. |
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0953-2048 |
ISBN |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1156 |
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| Author |
Smirnov, K.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Zolotov, P.; Antipov, A.; Seleznev, V. |
| Title |
NbN single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
035011 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
The possibility of creating NbN superconducting single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current was investigated. It was shown that the saturation increases for the detectors based on finer films with a lower value of Rs300/Rs20. The decreasing of Rs300/Rs20 was related to the increasing influence of quantum corrections to conductivity of superconductors and, in turn, to the decrease of the electron diffusion coefficient. The best samples have a constant value of system QE 94% at Ib/Ic ~ 0.8 and wavelength 1310 nm. |
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0953-2048 |
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| Author |
Yang, Z. Q.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Gao, J. R.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Reduced noise in NbN hot-electron bolometer mixers by annealing |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
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19 |
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4 |
Pages |
L (9 to 12) |
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NbN HEB mixers |
| Abstract |
We find that the sensitivity of heterodyne receivers based on superconducting hot-electron bolometers (HEBs) increases by 25–30% after annealing at 85 °C in vacuum. The devices studied are twin-slot antenna coupled mixers with a small NbN bridge of 1 × 0.15 µm2. We show that annealing changes the device properties as reflected in sharper resistive transitions of the complete device, apparently reducing the device-related noise. The lowest receiver noise temperature of 700 K is measured at a local oscillator frequency of 1.63 THz and a bath temperature of 4.3 K. |
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0953-2048 |
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1456 |
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