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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Karasik, B. S.; Potoskuev, S. E.
Title Intense electromagnetic radiation heating of superconductor electrons in resistive state Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur Abbreviated Journal Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur
Volume 14 Issue 7 Pages 753-763
Keywords (up) Nb HEB
Abstract An experimental study is made of the effect of intense radiation in the millimeter and submillimeter ranges on thin and narrow Nb films in the resistive state. It is found that the excess resistance resulting from radiation and the dependence of its relaxation time on radiation intensity and transport current can be explained in terms of the effect of electron heating. Quantitative agreement is obtained between the experimental data and a homogeneous electron heating model.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1697
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Zorin, M. A.
Title Ultrafast superconductive switch Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication IEEE Trans. Magn. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Magn.
Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 2844-2846
Keywords (up) Nb superconducting switch
Abstract The transition from superconductive to resistive state caused by infrared radiation and bias current pulses was investigated in order to minimize switching time tau and driving power W. Experimental results for Nb microstrips confirm the correctness of calculations based on the model of electron heating. For Nb switches, tau measured directly is 0.3-0.8 ns for radiation pulses and 1-3 ns for bias current pulses at T=4.2 K, while for YBaCuO switches at T=77 K it is expected to be several picoseconds. For an YBaCuO sample with the dimensions of 5*2*0.15 mu m/sup 2/, W was 10 mW, and it can be further reduced to the order of several microwatts by decreasing the volume of the sample.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1941-0069 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1680
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Author Il’in, K.S.; Ptitsina, N.G.; Sergeev, A.V.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Gershenzon, E.M.; Karasik, B.S.; Pechen, E.V.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S.I.
Title Interrelation of resistivity and inelastic electron-phonon scattering rate in impure NbC films Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B
Volume 57 Issue 24 Pages 15623-15628
Keywords (up) NbC films
Abstract A complex study of the electron-phonon interaction in thin NbC films with electron mean free path l=2–13nm gives strong evidence that electron scattering is significantly modified due to the interference between electron-phonon and elastic electron scattering from impurities. The interference T2 term, which is proportional to the residual resistivity, dominates over the Bloch-Grüneisen contribution to resistivity at low temperatures up to 60 K. The electron energy relaxation rate is directly measured via the relaxation of hot electrons heated by modulated electromagnetic radiation. In the temperature range 1.5–10 K the relaxation rate shows a weak dependence on the electron mean free path and strong temperature dependence ∼Tn, with the exponent n=2.5–3. This behavior is explained well by the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference taking into account the electron coupling with transverse phonons determined from the resistivity data.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0163-1829 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1585
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Author Korneeva, Y.; Sidorova, M.; Semenov, A.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S.; Mitsen, K.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Goltsman, G.
Title Comparison of hot-spot formation in NbC and NbN single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2016 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 1-4
Keywords (up) NbC, NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We report an experimental investigation of the hot-spot evolution in superconducting single-photon detectors made of disordered superconducting materials with different diffusivity and energy downconversion time values, i.e., 33-nm-thick NbN and 23-nm-thick NbC films. We have demonstrated that, in NbC film, only 405-nm photons produce sufficiently large hot spot to trigger a single-photon response. The dependence of detection efficiency on bias current for 405-nm photons in NbC is similar to that for 3400-nm photons in NbN. In NbC, large diffusivity and downconversion time result in 1-D critical current suppression profile compared with the usual 2-D profile in NbN.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1348
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Author Baeva, E. M.; Titova, N. A.; Kardakova, A. I.; Piatrusha, S. U.; Khrapai, V. S.
Title Universal bottleneck for thermal relaxation in disordered metallic films Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication JETP Lett. Abbreviated Journal Jetp Lett.
Volume 111 Issue 2 Pages 104-108
Keywords (up) NbN disordered metallic films, thermal relaxation
Abstract We study the heat relaxation in current biased metallic films in the regime of strong electron–phonon coupling. A thermal gradient in the direction normal to the film is predicted, with a spatial temperature profile determined by the temperature-dependent heat conduction. In the case of strong phonon scattering, the heat conduction occurs predominantly via the electronic system and the profile is parabolic. This regime leads to the linear dependence of the noise temperature as a function of bias voltage, in spite of the fact that all the dimensions of the film are large compared to the electron–phonon relaxation length. This is in stark contrast to the conventional scenario of relaxation limited by the electron–phonon scattering rate. A preliminary experimental study of a 200-nm-thick NbN film indicates the relevance of our model for materials used in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-3640 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1164
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Author Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gubkina, T. O.; Semash, V. D.
Title Superconductive properties of ultrathin NbN films on different substrates Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 7 Issue 6 Pages 1097-1102
Keywords (up) NbN films
Abstract A study was made on dependence of surface resistance, critical temperature and width of superconducting transition on application temperature and thickness of NbN films, which varied within the range of 3-10 nm. Plates of sapphire, fused and monocrystalline quartz, MgO, as well as Si and silicon oxide were used as substrates. NbN films with 160 μθ·cm specific resistance and 16.5 K (Tc) critical temperature were obtained on sapphire substrates. Intensive growth of ΔTc was noted for films, applied on fused quartz, with increase of precipitation temperature. This is explained by occurrence of high tensile stresses in NbN films, caused by sufficient difference of thermal coefficients of expansion of NbN and quartz.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Сверхпроводниковые свойства ультратонких пленок NbN на различных подложках Approved no
Call Number Serial 1631
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Author Gousev, Y. P.; Semenov, A. D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sergeev, A. V.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Electron-phonon interaction in disordered NbN films Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Phys. B Condens. Mat. Abbreviated Journal Phys. B Condens. Mat.
Volume 194-196 Issue Pages 1355-1356
Keywords (up) NbN films
Abstract Electron-phonon interaction time has been investigated in disordered films of NbN. A temperatures below 5.5 K tau_eph ~ T -1"6 which is attributed to the renormalisation of phonon spectrum in thin films.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4526 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1649
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Author Budyanskij, M. Ya.; Sejdman, L. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Gubkina, T. O.
Title Increase of reproducibility in production of superconducting thin films of niobium nitride Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 10 Pages 1950-1954
Keywords (up) NbN films
Abstract Technique to control the composition of gas medium in the reactive magnetron discharge and the composition of the deposited films of niobium nitride using electrical parameters of discharge only, in particular, by δU = Up – Uar value at contant stabilized discharge current is described. Technique to select optimal condition for deposition of niobium nitride films when the films have composition meeting chemical formula, is suggested. Thin films of niobium nitride with up to 7 nm thickness and with rather high temperature of transition into superconducting state Tk > 10 K) and with low width of transition (δ < 0.6 K), are obtained. It is determined, that substrate material and dielectric sublayer do not affect. Tk value, while difference in coefficients of thermal expansion of substrate and of film affects δTk value.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1675
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Tichelaar, F. D.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Grishin, E.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zorman, C. A.; Mehregany, M.
Title Monocrystalline NbN nanofilms on a 3C-SiC∕Si substrate Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 062504 (1 to 3)
Keywords (up) NbN films, nanofilms
Abstract The authors have realized NbN (100) nanofilms on a 3C-SiC (100)/Si(100) substrate by dc reactive magnetron sputtering at 800°C. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is used to characterize the films, showing a monocrystalline structure and confirming epitaxial growth on the 3C-SiC layer. A film ranging in thickness from 3.4to4.1nm shows a superconducting transition temperature of 11.8K, which is the highest reported for NbN films of comparable thickness. The NbN nano-films on 3C-SiC offer a promising alternative to improve terahertz detectors. For comparison, NbN nanofilms grown directly on Si substrates are also studied by HRTEM.

The authors acknowledge S. V. Svetchnikov at National Centre for HRTEM at Delft, who prepared the specimens for HRTEM inspections. This work was supported by the EU through RadioNet and INTAS.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1425
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Author Gousev, Yu. P.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Nebosis, R. S.; Heusinger, M. A.; Renk, K. F.
Title Broadband ultrafast superconducting NbN detector for electromagnetic radiation Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.
Volume 75 Issue 7 Pages 3695-3697
Keywords (up) NbN HEB
Abstract An ultrafast detector that is sensitive to radiation in a broad spectral range from submillimeter waves to visible light is reported. It consists of a structured NbN thin film cooled to a temperature below Tc (∼11 K). Using 20 ps pulses of a GaAs laser, we observed signal pulses with both rise and decay time of about 50 ps. From the analysis of a mixing experiment with submillimeter radiation we estimate an intrinsic response time of the detector of ∼12 ps. The sensitivity was found to be similar for the near‐infrared and submillimeter radiation. Broadband sensitivity and short response time are attributed to a quasiparticle heating effect.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 252
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Author Gousev, Y. P.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Semenov, A. D.; Barowski, H. S.; Nebosis, R. S.; Renk, K. F.
Title Quasioptical superconducting hot electron bolometer for submillmeter waves Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Int. J. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves Abbreviated Journal Int. J. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 317-331
Keywords (up) NbN HEB
Abstract We report on a superconducting hot electron bolometer coupled to radiation via a broadband antenna. The bolometer, a structured NbN film, was patterned on a thin dielectric membrane between terminals of a gold slotline antenna. We investigated the response to submillimeter radiation (wave-lengths ∼ 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm) in the fundamental Gaussian mode. We found that the directivity of the antenna was constant within a factor of 2.5 through the whole experimental range. The noise equivalent power of the bolometer at 119 µm was ∼ 3 · 10−13 W/Hz1/2; a time constant of ∼ 160 ps was estimated.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0195-9271 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1618
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Author Shurakov, A.; Seliverstov, S.; Kaurova, N.; Finkel, M.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G.
Title Input bandwidth of hot electron bolometer with spiral antenna Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.
Volume 2 Issue 4 Pages 400-405
Keywords (up) NbN HEB bolometers bandwidth, log-spiral antenna
Abstract We report the results of our study of the input bandwidth of hot electron bolometers (HEB) embedded into the planar log-spiral antenna. The sensitive element is made of the ultrathin superconducting NbN film patterned as a bridge at the feed of the antenna. The contacts between the antenna and a sensitive element are made from in situ deposited gold (i.e., deposited over NbN film without breaking vacuum), which gives high quality contacts and makes the response of the HEB at higher frequencies less affected by the RF loss. An accurate experimental spectroscopic procedure is demonstrated that leads to the confirmation of the wide ( 8 THz) bandwidth in this antenna coupled device.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2156-342X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1161
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Author Zhang, W.; Miao, W.; Li, S. L.; Zhou, K. M.; Shi, S. C.; Gao, J. R.; Goltsman, G. N.
Title Measurement of the spectral response of spiral-antenna coupled superconducting hot electron bolometers Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 23 Issue 3 Pages 2300804-2300804
Keywords (up) NbN HEB detector
Abstract Measured spectral response of spiral-antenna coupled superconducting hot electron bolometers (HEBs) often drops dramatically at frequencies that are still within the frequency range of interest (e.g., ~ 5 THz). This is inconsistent with the implied low receiver noise temperatures from the same measurements. To understand this discrepancy, we exhaustively test and calibrate the thermal sources used in Fourier transform spectrometer measurements. We first investigate the absolute emission spectrum of high-pressure Hg arc lamp, then measure the spectral response of two spiral-antenna coupled NbN HEBs with a Martin-Puplett interferometer as spectrometer and 77 K blackbody as broadband signal source. The measured absolute emission spectrum of Hg arc lamp is proportional to frequency, corresponding to an equivalent blackbody temperature of 4000 K at 1 THz, 1500 K at 3 THz, and 800 K at 5 THz, respectively. Measured spectral response of spiral-antenna coupled NbN HEBs, corrected for air absorption, is nearly flat in the frequency range of 0.5-4 THz, consistent with simulated coupling efficiency between HEB and spiral-antenna. These results explain the discrepancy, and prove that spiral-antenna coupled superconducting NbN HEBs work well in a wide frequency range. In addition, this calibration method and these results are broadly applicable to other quasi-optical THz receivers.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1371
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Gousev, Y. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Lang, P. T.; Knott, W. J.; Renk, K. F.
Title Sensitive picosecond NbN detector for radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 4 Issue 9 Pages 453-456
Keywords (up) NbN HEB detectors
Abstract The authors report on the application of a broad-band NbN film detector which has high sensitivity and picosecond response time for detection of radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light. From a study of amplitude modulated radiation of backward-wave tubes and picosecond pulses from gas and solid state lasers at wavelengths between 2 mm and 0.53 mu m, they found a detectivity of 1010 W-1 cm Hz-1/2 and a response time of less than 50 ps at T=10 K. The characteristics were provided by using a 150 AA thick NbN film patterned into a structure of micron strips. According to the proposed detection mechanism, namely electron heating, they expect an intrinsic response time of approximately 20 ps at the same temperature.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 242
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Author Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gusev, Yu. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Sejdman, L. A.; Semenov, A. D.
Title Picosecond range detector base on superconducting niobium nitride film sensitive to radiation in spectral range from millimeter waves up to visible light Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 955-960
Keywords (up) NbN HEB detectors
Abstract Fast-operating picosecond detector of electromagnetical radiation is developed on the basis of fine superconducting film of niobium nitride with high sensitivity within spectral range from millimetric waves up to visible light. Detector sensitive element represents structure covering narrow parallel strips with micron sizes included in the rupture of microstrip line. Detecting ability of the detector and time constant measured using amplitude-simulated radiation of reverse wave tubes and pulse radiation of picosecond gas and solid-body lasers, constitute D*≅1010 W-1·cm·Hz-1/2 and τ≤5 ps respectively, at 10 K temperature. The expected value of time constant of the detector at 10 K obtained via extrapolation of directly measured dependence that is, τ ∝ τ-1, constitutes 20 ps. Experimental data demonstrate that detection mechanism is linked with electron heating effect.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1670
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