| Records |
| Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Hot-electron superconducting mixers |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume |
2104 |
Issue |
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Pages |
329-330 |
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| Abstract |
The creation of low noise heterodyne receivers for frequencies above 1 THz is in the urgentneed for radio astronomy, laser spectroscopy, plasma diagnostic, etc. In this paper we discussthe nonlinear effect related to hot electrons in superconductors, and their potential use in lownoise submilimeter wave mixer. We also discuss results achieved so far as well as possible futuredevelopments. |
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SPIE |
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Editor |
Birch, J.R.; Parker, T.J. |
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18th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves |
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1654 |
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| Author |
Leisawitz, David T.; Danchi, William C.; Dipirro, Michael J.; Feinberg, Lee D.; Gezari, Daniel Y.; Hagopian, Mike; Langer, William D.; Mather, John C.; Moseley, Jr. Samuel H.; Shao, Michael; Silverberg, Robert F.; Staguhn, Johannes G.; Swain, Mark R.; Yorke, Harold W.; Zhang, Xiaolei |
| Title |
Scientific motivation and technology requirements for the SPIRIT and SPECS far-infrared/submillimeter space interferometers |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume |
4013 |
Issue |
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Pages |
36-46 |
| Keywords |
HEB applications |
| Abstract |
Far infrared interferometers in space would enable extraordinary measurements of the early universe, the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets, and would have great discovery potential. Since half the luminosity of the universe and 98% of the photons released since the Big Bang are now observable at far IR wavelengths (40 – 500 micrometers ), and the Earth's atmosphere prevents sensitive observations from the ground, this is one of the last unexplored frontiers of space astronomy. We present the engineering and technology requirements that stem from a set of compelling scientific goals and discuss possible configurations for two proposed NASA missions, the Space Infrared Interferometric Telescope and the Submillimeter Probe of the Evolution of Cosmic Structure. |
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909 |
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Klapwijk, T. M.; Barends, R.; Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A. |
| Title |
Improved superconducting hot-electron bolometer devices for the THz range |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume |
5498 |
Issue |
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Pages |
129-139 |
| Keywords |
HEB mixer distributed model, numerical model |
| Abstract |
Improved and reproducible heterodyne mixing (noise temperatures of 950 K at 2.5 THz) has been realized with NbN based hot-electron superconducting devices with low contact resistances. A distributed temperature numerical model of the NbN bridge, based on a local electron and a phonon temperature, has been used to understand the physical conditions during the mixing process. We find that the mixing is predominantly due to the exponential rise of the local resistivity as a function of electron temperature. |
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Invited talk, Recommended by Klapwijk |
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no |
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912 |
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Cherednichenko, S.; Drakinskiy, V.; Baubert, J.; Lecomte, B.; Dauplay, F.; Krieg, J. M.; Delorme, Y.; Feret, A.; Hübers, H. W.; Semenov, A. D.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
| Title |
2.5 THz multipixel heterodyne receiver based on NbN HEB mixers |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume |
6275 |
Issue |
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Pages |
62750I (1 to 11) |
| Keywords |
HEB, mixer, membrane |
| Abstract |
A 16 pixel heterodyne receiver for 2.5 THz has been developed based on NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers. The receiver uses a quasioptical RF coupling approach where HEB mixers are integrated into double dipole antennas on 1.5 µm thick Si3N4/SiO2 membranes. Spherical mirrors (one per pixel) and backshort distance from the antenna have been used to design the output mixer beam profile. The camera design allows all 16 pixel IF readout in parallel. The gain bandwidth of the HEB mixers on Si3N4/SiO2 membranes was found to be 0.7÷0.9 GHz, which is much smaller than for similar devices on silicon. Application of buffer layers and use of alternative types of membranes (e.g. silicon-on-insulator) is under investigation. |
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561 |
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Zhou, Y.D.; Becker, C. R.; Ashokan, R.; Selamet, Y.; Chang, Y.; Boreiko, R. T.; Betz, A. L.; Sivananthan, S. |
| Title |
Progress in far-infrared detection technology |
Type |
Conference Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4795 |
Issue |
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Pages |
121-128 |
| Keywords |
HgCdTe/CdTe, detector |
| Abstract |
II-VI intrinsic very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR, λc~20 to 50 μm) materials, HgCdTe alloys as well as HgCdTe/CdTe superlattices, were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The layers were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, conventional Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM). Photoconductor devices were processed and their spectral response was also measured to demonstrate their applicability in the VLWIR region. |
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Longshore, R. E.; Sivananthan, S. |
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Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conference Series |
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no |
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471 |
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