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Author Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Minaeva, O.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G. url  openurl
  Title Superconducting NbN-nanowire single-photon detectors capable of photon number resolving Type Conference Article
  Year 2008 Publication Supercond. News Forum Abbreviated Journal Supercond. News Forum  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords PNR SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract We present our latest generation of ultra-fast superconducting NbN single-photon detectors (SSPD) capable of photon-number resolving (PNR). The novel SSPDs combine 10 μm x 10 μm active area with low kinetic inductance and PNR capability. That resulted in significantly reduced photoresponse pulse duration, allowing for GHz counting rates. The detector’s response magnitude is directly proportional to the number of incident photons, which makes this feature easy to use. We present experimental data on the performance of the PNR SSPDs. These detectors are perfectly suited for fibreless free-space telecommunications, as well as for ultra-fast quantum cryptography and quantum computing.  
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  Notes (down) Reference No. ST34, paper # 012307, eventually not pulished (skipped) at https://iopscience.iop.org/issue/0953-2048/21/1 Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ korneevsuperconducting Serial 1046  
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Author Huard, B.; Pothier, H.; Esteve, D.; Nagaev, K. E. url  doi
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  Title Electron heating in metallic resistors at sub-Kelvin temperature Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B  
  Volume 76 Issue Pages 165426(1-9)  
  Keywords electron heating in resistor, HEB distributed model, HEB model, hot electrons  
  Abstract In the presence of Joule heating, the electronic temperature in a metallic resistor placed at sub-Kelvin temperatures can significantly exceed the phonon temperature. Electron cooling proceeds mainly through two processes: electronic diffusion to and from the connecting wires and electron-phonon coupling. The goal of this paper is to present a general solution of the problem in a form that can easily be used in practical situations. As an application, we compute two quantities that depend on the electronic temperature profile: the second and the third cumulant of the current noise at zero frequency, as a function of the voltage across the resistor. We also consider time-dependent heating, an issue relevant for experiments in which current pulses are used, for instance, in time-resolved calorimetry experiments.  
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  Notes (down) Recommended by Klapwijk as example for writing the article on the HEB model. Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 936  
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Author Prober, D. E. openurl 
  Title Superconducting terahertz mixer using a transition-edge microbolometer Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 62 Issue 17 Pages 2119-2121  
  Keywords HEB mixer, NbN, TES  
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  Notes (down) Recommended by Klapwijk Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 244  
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Author Benford, Dominic; Moseley, Harvey; Zmuidzinas, Jonas openurl 
  Title Direct detectors for the Einstein inflation probe Type Conference Article
  Year 2009 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.  
  Volume 155 Issue 1 Pages 012001 (1 to 49)  
  Keywords KID, MKID, CMB  
  Abstract Here we review the principles of operation, history, present status, and future prospects for the primary candidate detectors for Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization studies. The three detector types we will discuss are semiconductor-based bolometers, superconducting transition edge sensor (TES) bolometer, and Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs). All of these detector types can provide the sensitivity to permit background-limited measurements of the CMB, but the ultimate selection of detectors will be largely determined by the ease of production and reliability of large arrays of such detectors. This paper describes the present state of development of these detectors, efforts to integrate them into large arrays, and the detector system developments necessary to enable a space CMB polarization mission.  
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  Notes (down) Recommended by Klapwijk Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 913  
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Author Galeazzi, Massimiliano openurl 
  Title Fundamental noise processes in TES devices Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.  
  Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages 267-271  
  Keywords TES, Johnson noise, phonon noise, excess noise, flux-flow noise, thermal fluctuation noise  
  Abstract Microcalorimeters and bolometers are noise-limited devices, therefore, a proper understanding of all noise sources is essential to predict and interpret their performance. In this paper, I review the fundamental noise processes contributing to Transition Edge Sensor (TES) microcalorimeters and bolometers and their effect on device performance. In particular, I will start with a simple, monolithic device model, moving to a more complex one involving discrete components, to finally move to today's more realistic, comprehensive model. In addition to the basic noise contribution (equilibrium Johnson noise and phonon noise), TES are significantly affected by extra noise, which is commonly referred to as excess noise. Different fundamental processes have been proposed and investigated to explain the origin of this excess noise, in particular near equilibrium non-linear Johnson noise, flux-flow noise, and internal thermal fluctuation noise. Experimental evidence shows that all three processes are real and contribute, at different levels, to the TES noise, although different processes become important at different regimes. It is therefore time to discard the term “excess noise” and consider these terms part of the “fundamental noise processes” instead.  
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  Notes (down) Recommended by Klapwijk Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 914  
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