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Lu, Chao-Yang; Zhou, Xiao-Qi; Gühne, Otfried; Gao, Wei-Bo; Zhang, Jin; Yuan, Zhen-Sheng; Goebel, Alexander; Yang, Tao; Pan, Jian-Wei |
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Experimental entanglement of six photons in graph states |
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2007 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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3 |
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2 |
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91-95 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Graph states-multipartite entangled states that can be represented by mathematical graphs-are important resources for quantum computation, quantum error correction, studies of multiparticle entanglement and fundamental tests of non-locality and decoherence. Here, we demonstrate the experimental entanglement of six photons and engineering of multiqubit graph states. We have created two important examples of graph states, a six-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, the largest photonic Schrödinger cat so far, and a six-photon cluster state, a state-of-the-art `one-way quantum computer'. With small modifications, our method allows us, in principle, to create various further graph states, and therefore could open the way to experimental tests of, for example, quantum algorithms or loss- and fault-tolerant one-way quantum computation. |
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796 |
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Ursin, R.; Tiefenbacher, F.; Schmitt-Manderbach, T.; Weier, H.; Scheidl, T.; Lindenthal, M.; Blauensteiner, B.; Jennewein, T.; Perdigues, J.; Trojek, P.; Ömer, B.; Fürst, M.; Meyenburg, M.; Rarity, J.; Sodnik, Z.; Barbieri, C.; Weinfurter, H.; Zeilinger, A. |
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Title |
Entanglement-based quantum communication over 144km |
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2007 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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3 |
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7 |
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481-486 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Quantum entanglement is the main resource to endow the field of quantum information processing with powers that exceed those of classical communication and computation. In view of applications such as quantum cryptography or quantum teleportation, extension of quantum-entanglement-based protocols to global distances is of considerable practical interest. Here we experimentally demonstrate entanglement-based quantum key distribution over 144km. One photon is measured locally at the Canary Island of La Palma, whereas the other is sent over an optical free-space link to Tenerife, where the Optical Ground Station of the European Space Agency acts as the receiver. This exceeds previous free-space experiments by more than an order of magnitude in distance, and is an essential step towards future satellite-based quantum communication and experimental tests on quantum physics in space. |
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797 |
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Kopp, Victor I.; Churikov, Victor M.; Zhang, Guoyin; Singer, Jonathan; Draper, Christopher W.; Chao, Norman; Neugroschl, Daniel; Genack, Azriel Z. |
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Chiral fiber gratings: perspectives and challenges for sensing applications |
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2007 |
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Proceedings of Third european workshop on optical fibre sensors |
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Proc. 3rd European Workshop on Opt. Fibre Sensors |
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6619 |
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66190B-(1-8) |
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optical fiber gratings, chiral fiber gratings applications, chiral gratings applications, from chiralphotonics |
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Chiral fiber gratings are produced in a microforming process in which optical fibers with noncircular or nonconcentric cores are twisted as they pass though a miniature oven. Periodic glass structures as stable as the glass material itself are produced with helical pitch that ranges from under a micron to hundreds of microns. The geometry of the fiber cross section determines the symmetry of the resulting structure which in turn determines its polarization selectivity. Single helix structures are polarization insensitive while double helix gratings interact only with a single optical polarization. Both single and double helix gratings may act as a fiber long period grating, coupling the core and cladding modes. The coupling is manifested in a series of narrow dips in the transmission spectrum. The dip position is sensitive to fiber elongation, twist and temperature, and to the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The suitability of chiral gratings for sensing pressure, temperature and liquid levels is investigated. Polarization insensitive single helix silica glass gratings display excellent stability up to temperatures of 6000C, while a pressure sensor with dynamic range of nearly 40 dB is demonstrated in polarization selective double helix gratings. |
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855 |
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ГОСТ 3.1119-83. ЕСТД. Общие требования к комплектности и оформлению комплектов документов на единичные технологические процессы |
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Huard, B.; Pothier, H.; Esteve, D.; Nagaev, K. E. |
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Electron heating in metallic resistors at sub-Kelvin temperature |
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2007 |
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Phys. Rev. B |
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Phys. Rev. B |
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76 |
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165426(1-9) |
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electron heating in resistor, HEB distributed model, HEB model, hot electrons |
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In the presence of Joule heating, the electronic temperature in a metallic resistor placed at sub-Kelvin temperatures can significantly exceed the phonon temperature. Electron cooling proceeds mainly through two processes: electronic diffusion to and from the connecting wires and electron-phonon coupling. The goal of this paper is to present a general solution of the problem in a form that can easily be used in practical situations. As an application, we compute two quantities that depend on the electronic temperature profile: the second and the third cumulant of the current noise at zero frequency, as a function of the voltage across the resistor. We also consider time-dependent heating, an issue relevant for experiments in which current pulses are used, for instance, in time-resolved calorimetry experiments. |
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Recommended by Klapwijk as example for writing the article on the HEB model. |
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