Jian Wei, David Olaya, Boris Karasik, Sergey Pereverzev, Andrei Sergeev, & Michael Gershenson. (2007). Ultra-sensitive hot-electron nanobolometers for terahertz astrophysics. ArXiv e-prints, 710.
Abstract: The background-limited spectral imaging of the early Universe requires spaceborne terahertz (THz) detectors with the sensitivity 2-3 orders of magnitude better than that of the state-of-the-art bolometers. To realize this sensitivity without sacrificing operating speed, novel detector designs should combine an ultrasmall heat capacity of a sensor with its unique thermal isolation. Quantum effects in thermal transport at nanoscale put strong limitations on the further improvement of traditional membrane-supported bolometers. Here we demonstrate an innovative approach by developing superconducting hot-electron nanobolometers in which the electrons are cooled only due to a weak electron-phonon interaction. At T<0.1K, the electron-phonon thermal conductance in these nanodevices becomes less than one percent of the quantum of thermal conductance. The hot-electron nanobolometers, sufficiently sensitive for registering single THz photons, are very promising for submillimeter astronomy and other applications based on quantum calorimetry and photon counting.
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Smirnov, K., Korneev, A., Minaeva, O., Divochiy, A., Tarkhov, M., Ryabchun, S., et al. (2007). Ultrathin NbN film superconducting single-photon detector array. In J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. (Vol. 61, pp. 1081–1085).
Abstract: We report on the fabrication process of the 2 × 2 superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) array. The SSPD array is made from ultrathin NbN film and is operated at liquid helium temperatures. Each detector is a nanowire-based structure patterned by electron beam lithography process. The advances in fabrication technology allowed us to produce highly uniform strips and preserve superconducting properties of the unpatterned film. SSPD exhibit up to 30% quantum efficiency in near infrared and up to 1% at 5-μm wavelength. Due to 120 MHz counting rate and 18 ps jitter, the time-domain multiplexing read-out is proposed for large scale SSPD arrays. Single-pixel SSPD has already found a practical application in non-invasive testing of semiconductor very-large scale integrated circuits. The SSPD significantly outperformed traditional single-photon counting avalanche diodes.
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Larson, H. P., Fink, U., Smith, H. A., & Davis, D. S. (1980). The middle-infrared spectrum of Saturn: evidence for phosphine and upper limits to other trace atmospheric constituents. Astrophys. J., 240, 327–337.
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Гершензон, Е. М. (1982). Воздействие электромагнитного излучения на сверхпроводящую плёнку ниобия в резистивном состоянии. In Тезисы докладов 22 Всесоюзной конференции по физике низких температур (pp. 79–80).
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