Pothier, H., Guéron, S., Birge, N. O., Esteve, D., & Devoret, M. H. (1997). Energy distribution function of quasiparticles in mesoscopic wires. Phys. Rev. Lett., 79(18), 3490–3493.
Abstract: We have measured with a tunnel probe the energy distribution function of Landau quasiparticles in metallic diffusive wires connected to two reservoir electrodes, with an applied bias voltage. The distribution function in the middle of a 1.5-μm-long wire resembles the half sum of the Fermi distributions of the reservoirs. The distribution functions in 5-μm-long wires are more rounded, due to interactions between quasiparticles during the longer diffusion time across the wire. From the scaling of the data with the bias voltage, we find that the scattering rate between two quasiparticles varies as <c9><203a>–2, where <c9><203a> is the energy transferred.
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Ptitsina N. G., Chulkova G. M., Il'in K. S., Sergeev A. V., Pochinkov F. S., & Gershenzon E. M. (1997). Superconductivity has been found in a number of new compounds between the non-superconducting transition elements and nonmetals such as Si, Ge, and Te. These findings have suggested possible criteria for superconductivity in both elements and compounds. Phys. Rev. B, 56(16).
Abstract: The temperature dependence of the resistance of films of Al, Be, and NbC with small values of the electron mean free path L=1.5– 10 nm has been measured at 4.2–300 K. The resistance of all the films contains a T^2 contribution that is proportional to the residual resistance; this contribution has been attributed to the interference between the elastic electron scattering and the electron-phonon scattering. Fitting the data to the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference „M. Yu. Reiser and A. V. Sergeev, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 92, 224 ~1987! @Sov. Phys. JETP 65, 1291 ~1987!#…, we obtain constants of nteraction of the electrons with transverse phonons, and estimate the contribution of this interaction to the electron dephasing rate in thin films of Au, Al, Be, Nb, and NbC. Our estimates are in a good agreement with the experimental data on the inelastic electronphonon scattering in these films. This indicates that the interaction of electrons with transverse phonons controls the electron-phonon relaxation rate in thin-metal films over a broad temperature range.
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Ptitsina, N. G., Chulkova, G. M., Il’in, K. S., Sergeev, A. V., Pochinkov, F. S., Gershenzon, E. M., et al. (1997). Electron-phonon interaction in disordered metal films: The resistivity and electron dephasing rate. Phys. Rev. B, 56(16), 10089–10096.
Abstract: The temperature dependence of the resistance of films of Al, Be, and NbC with small values of the electron mean free path l=1.5–10nm has been measured at 4.2–300 K. The resistance of all the films contains a T2 contribution that is proportional to the residual resistance; this contribution has been attributed to the interference between the elastic electron scattering and the electron-phonon scattering. Fitting the data to the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference (M. Yu. Reiser and A. V. Sergeev, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 92, 224 (1987) [Sov. Phys. JETP 65, 1291 (1987)]), we obtain constants of interaction of the electrons with transverse phonons, and estimate the contribution of this interaction to the electron dephasing rate in thin films of Au, Al, Be, Nb, and NbC. Our estimates are in a good agreement with the experimental data on the inelastic electron-phonon scattering in these films. This indicates that the interaction of electrons with transverse phonons controls the electron-phonon relaxation rate in thin-metal films over a broad temperature range.
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Semenov, A. D., Gousev, Y. P., Renk, K. F., Voronov, B. M., Gol'tsman, G. N., Gershenzon, E. M., et al. (1997). Noise characteristics of a NbN hot-electron mixer at 2.5 THz. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 7(2), 3572–3575.
Abstract: The noise temperature of a NbN phonon cooled hot-electron mixer has been measured at a frequency of 2.5 THz for various operating conditions. We obtained for optimal operation a double sideband mixer noise temperature of /spl ap/14000 K and a system conversion loss of /spl ap/23 dB at intermediate frequencies up to 1 GHz. The dependences of the mixer noise temperature on the bias voltage, local oscillator power, and intermediate frequency were consistent with the phenomenological description based on the effective temperature approximation.
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Semenov, A. D., Heusinger, M. A., Renk, K. F., Menschikov, E., Sergeev, A. V., Elant'ev, A. I., et al. (1997). Influence of phonon trapping on the performance of NbN kinetic inductance detectors. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 7(2), 3083–3086.
Abstract: Voltage and microwave photoresponse of NbN thin films to modulated and pulsed optical radiation reveals, far below the superconducting transition, a response time consistent with the lifetime of nonequilibrium quasiparticles. We show that even in 5 nm thick films at 4.2 K the phonon trapping is significant resulting in a quasiparticle lifetime of a few nanoseconds that is an order of magnitude larger than the recombination time. Values and temperature dependence of the quasiparticle lifetime obey the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory and are in quantitative agreement with the electron-phonon relaxation rate determined from the resistive response near the superconducting transition. We discuss a positive effect of the phonon trapping on the performance of kinetic inductance detectors.
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