@Article{Cavalie_etal2013,
author="Cavali{\'e}, T.
and Feuchtgruber, H.
and Lellouch, E.
and de Val-Borro, M.
and Jarchow, C.
and Moreno, R.
and Hartogh, P.
and Orton, G.
and Greathouse, T. K.
and Billebaud, F.
and Dobrijevic, M.
and Lara, L. M.
and Gonz{\'a}lez, A.
and Sagawa, H.",
title="Spatial distribution of water in the stratosphere of Jupiter from Herschel HIFI and PACS observations",
journal="Astron. Astrophys.",
year="2013",
volume="553",
pages="A21 (1 to 16)",
optkeywords="HEB mixer applications; HIFI; Herschel",
abstract="Context. In the past 15 years, several studies suggested that water in the stratosphere of Jupiter originated from the Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) comet impacts in July 1994, but a direct proof was missing. Only a very sensitive instrument observing with high spectral/spatial resolution can help to solve this problem. This is the case of the Herschel Space Observatory, which is the first telescope capable of mapping water in Jupiter{\textquoteright}s stratosphere.Aims. We observed the spatial distribution of the water emission in Jupiter{\textquoteright}s stratosphere with the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far Infrared (HIFI) and the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) onboard Herschel to constrain its origin. In parallel, we monitored Jupiter{\textquoteright}s stratospheric temperature with the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) to separate temperature from water variability.Methods. We obtained a 25-point map of the 1669.9~GHz water line with HIFI in July 2010 and several maps with PACS in October 2009 and December 2010. The 2010 PACS map is a 400-point raster of the water 66.4~$\mu$m emission. Additionally, we mapped the methane {\^I}{\textonehalf}4 band emission to constrain the stratospheric temperature in Jupiter in the same periods with the IRTF.Results. Water is found to be restricted to pressures lower than 2~mbar. Its column density decreases by a factor of 2--3 between southern and northern latitudes, consistently between the HIFI and the PACS 66.4~$\mu$m maps. We infer that an emission maximum seen around 15~{\textdegree}S is caused by a warm stratospheric belt detected in the IRTF data.Conclusions. Latitudinal temperature variability cannot explain the global north-south asymmetry in the water maps. From the latitudinal and vertical distributions of water in Jupiter{\textquoteright}s stratosphere, we rule out interplanetary dust particles as its main source. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Jupiter{\textquoteright}s stratospheric water was delivered by the SL9 comet and that more than 95{\%} of the observed water comes from the comet according to our models.",
optnote="exported from refbase (https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/show.php?record=1085), last updated on Sat, 18 Jun 2016 06:39:33 -0500",
doi="10.1051/0004-6361/201220797",
opturl="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220797"
}