@Article{Semenov_etal2002,
author="Semenov, Alexei D.
and Gol{\textquoteright}tsman, Gregory N.
and Sobolewski, Roman",
title="Hot-electron effect in superconductors and its applications for radiation sensors",
journal="Superconductor Science and Technology",
year="2002",
volume="15",
number="4",
pages="R1-R16",
optkeywords="HEB; SSPD",
abstract="The paper reviews the main aspects of nonequilibrium hot-electron phenomena in superconductors and various theoretical models developed to describe the hot-electron effect. We discuss implementation of the hot-electron avalanche mechanism in superconducting radiation sensors and present the most successful practical devices, such as terahertz mixers and direct intensity detectors, for far-infrared radiation. Our presentation also includes the novel approach to hot-electron quantum detection implemented in superconducting x-ray to optical photon counters.",
optnote="exported from refbase (https://db.rplab.ru/refbase/show.php?record=416), last updated on Fri, 21 May 2021 12:52:11 -0500",
issn="0953-2048",
doi="10.1088/0953-2048/15/4/201",
opturl="http://stacks.iop.org/0953-2048/15/i=4/a=201?key=crossref.3f6862b00ab39140bddfdc0258f69a10",
opturl="https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/15/4/201"
}