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| Author | Shurakov, Alexander; Tong, Edward; Blundell, Raymond; Gol'tsman, Gregory | ||||
| Title | Microwave stabilization of HEB mixer by a microchip controller | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | IEEE MTT-S international microwave symposium digest | Abbreviated Journal  |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-3 | ||
| Keywords | HEB mixer stability, microwave injection, Allan variance, Allan time | ||||
| Abstract | The stability of a Hot Electron Bolometer (HEB) mixer can be improved by the use of microwave injection. In this article we report a refinement of this approach. We introduce a microchip controller to facilitate the implementation of the stabilization scheme, and demonstrate that the feedback loop effectively suppresses drifts in the HEB bias current, leading to an improvement in the receiver stability. The measured Allan time of the mixer's IF output power is increased to > 10 s. | ||||
| Address | Montreal, QC, Canada | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 857 | |||
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| Author | D. Henrich, L. Rehm S. Dörner, M. Hofherr, K. Il'in, A. Semenov, and M. Siegel | ||||
| Title | Detection efficiency of a spiral-nanowire superconducting single-photon detector | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | Critical current, Nanoscale devices, Superconducting photodetectors. | ||||
| Abstract | We investigate the detection efficiency of a spiral layout of a Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector (SNSPD). The design is less susceptible to the critical current reduction in sharp turns of the nanowire than the conventional meander design. Detector samples with different nanowire width from 300 to 100 nm are patterned from a 4 nm thick NbN film deposited on sapphire substrates. The critical current IC at 4.2 K for spiral, meander, and simple bridge structures is measured and compared. On the 100 nm wide samples, the detection efficiency is measured in the wavelength range 400-1700 nm and the cut-off wavelength of the hot-spot plateau is determined. In the optical range, the spiral detector reaches a detection efficiency of 27.6%, which is ~1.5 times the value of the meander. In the infrared range the detection efficiency is more than doubled. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | D. Henrich, L. Rehm S. Dörner, M. Hofherr, K. Il'in, A. Semenov, and M. Siegel | Thesis | |||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ seleznev @ | Serial | 880 | ||
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| Author | Steudle, Gesine A.; Schietinger, Stefan; Höckel, David; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zadeh, Iman E.; Zwiller, Valery; Benson, Oliver | ||||
| Title | Measuring the quantum nature of light with a single source and a single detector | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Phys. Rev. A | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 86 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 053814 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, saturation count rates, dead time, dynamic range | ||||
| Abstract | An elementary experiment in optics consists of a light source and a detector. Yet, if the source generates nonclassical correlations such an experiment is capable of unambiguously demonstrating the quantum nature of light. We realized such an experiment with a defect center in diamond and a superconducting detector. Previous experiments relied on more complex setups, such as the Hanbury Brown and Twiss configuration, where a beam splitter directs light to two photodetectors, creating the false impression that the beam splitter is a fundamentally required element. As an additional benefit, our results provide a simplification of the widely used photon-correlation techniques. | ||||
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| Publisher | American Physical Society | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1089 | |||
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| Author | De Luca, M.; Gupta, H.; Neufeld, D.; Gerin, M.; Teyssier, D.; Drouin, B. J.; Pearson, J. C.; Lis, D. C.; Monje, R.; Phillips, T. G.; Goicoechea, J. R.; Godard, B.; Falgarone, E.; Coutens, A.; Bell, T. A. | ||||
| Title | Herschel/HIFI discovery of HCL+ in the interstellar medium | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Astrophys. J. Lett. | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | 751 | Issue | 2 | Pages | L37 |
| Keywords | HEB mixer applications, HIFI, Herschel | ||||
| Abstract | The radical ion HCl+, a key intermediate in the chlorine chemistry of the interstellar gas, has been identified for the first time in the interstellar medium with the Herschel Space Observatory's Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared. The ground-state rotational transition of H35Cl+, 2Π3/2 J = 5/2-3/2, showing Λ-doubling and hyperfine structure, is detected in absorption toward the Galactic star-forming regions W31C (G10.6-0.4) and W49N. The complex interstellar absorption features are modeled by convolving in velocity space the opacity profiles of other molecular tracers toward the same sources with the fine and hyperfine structure of HCl+. This structure is derived from a combined analysis of optical data from the literature and new laboratory measurements of pure rotational transitions, reported in the accompanying Letter by Gupta et al. The models reproduce well the interstellar absorption, and the frequencies inferred from the astronomical observations are in exact agreement with those calculated using spectroscopic constants derived from the laboratory data. The detection of H37Cl+ toward W31C, with a column density consistent with the expected 35Cl/37Cl isotopic ratio, provides additional evidence for the identification. A comparison with the chemically related molecules HCl and H2Cl+ yields an abundance ratio of unity with both species (HCl+ : H2Cl+ : HCl ~ 1). These observations also yield the unexpected result that HCl+ accounts for 3%-5% of the gas-phase chlorine toward W49N and W31C, values several times larger than the maximum fraction (~1%) predicted by chemical models. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1092 | |||
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| Author | Чулкова, Г. М.; Корнеев, А. А.; Смирнов, К. В.; Окунев, О. В. | ||||
| Title | Энергетическая релаксация в примесных металлах, двумерном электронном газе в AlGaAs-GaAs, сверхпроводниковых пленках NbN и детекторы субмиллиметрового и ик излучения на их основе | Type | Book Whole | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs, NbN detectors | ||||
| Abstract | Монография посвящена обзору исследований влияния эффектов электронного беспорядка на электронное взаимодействие в металлах, сверхпроводниках, полупроводниках, а также в различных низкоразмерных структурах. Актуальность поднятых в монографии вопросов определяется интенсивным развитием нанотехнологий, созданием новых наноструктурированных материалов и уникальных наноэлементов для электроники и фотоники. Упругое электронное рассеяние на границах наноструктур качественно меняет взаимодействие электронов с фонолами, что, безусловно, должно учитываться при проектировании соответствующей элементной базы. Прикладная часть работы посвящена контролируемой модификации электронных процессов для оптимизации новых наносенсоров на основе электронного разогрева в сверхпроводниковых и полупроводниковых структурах. Монография предназначена для студентов старших курсов, аспирантов и начинающих следователей, работающих в области сверхпроводниковой наноэлектроники. | ||||
| Address | Москва | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Прометей, МПГУ | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-5-4263-0118-4 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | УДК: 537.311 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1818 | |||
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| Author | Семенов, А. В.; Корнеев, А. А.; Лобанов, Ю. В.; Корнеева, Ю. П.; Рябчун, С. А.; Лаврова, О. С.; Третьяков, И. В.; Флоря, И. Н.; Силаев, М. А.; Кинев, Н. В.; Ковалюк, В. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Поляризация электромагнитной волны вблизи фокуса зеркала и системы зеркал в субтерагерцовом диапазоне частот | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Современные проблемы науки и образования | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 2 | Pages | ||
| Keywords | sub-terahertz radio telescope | ||||
| Abstract | Рассмотрено влияние оптической системы телескопа на поляризацию принимаемого электромагнитного сигнала. Описано изменение поляризации луча при отражении от произвольно ориентированной поверхности зеркала. Учтены искажения поляризации, обусловленные как отклонением лучей от первоначального направления, так и различием в коэффициентах отражения для разных поляризаций в случае неидеального отражения. В рамках метода Френеля получены оценочные формулы, дающие отношение амплитуд поля с исходной поляризацией и с поляризацией, перпендикулярной исходной, вблизи фокальной точки оптической системы. Формулы выведены для нескольких практически важных случаев, в том числе для параболического зеркала и системы двух зеркал. Оценена верхняя граница поляризационных искажений в пределах кружка Эйри. Полученные оценки согласуются с результатами численного расчёта для двухзеркального радиотелескопа субтерагерцового диапазона. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | 9 страниц; УДК 535-47 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1819 | |||
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| Author | Казаков, А. Ю.; Селиверстов, С. В.; Дивочий, А. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Финкель, М. И.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б. | ||||
| Title | Возможность применения сверхпроводниковых материалов в качестве отражающего покрытия зеркала телескопа, предназначенного для наблюдений анизотропии реликтового излучения | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Преподаватель ХХI век | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 3 | Pages | 221-224 | |
| Keywords | submillimeter radio telescope | ||||
| Abstract | В статье исследуется возможность использования сверхпроводящего материала в качестве отражающего слоя зеркала субмиллиметрового телескопа, охлажденного до криогенных температур и предназначенного для наблюдений реликтового излучения. Для нескольких сверхпроводниковых материалов вычислен диапазон частот, в котором флуктуации теплового излучения покрытия меньше флуктуаций источника. Показана перспективность применения покрытия из Nb3Ge. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1820 | |||
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| Author | Семенов, А. В.; Корнеев, А. А.; Лобанов, Ю. В.; Корнеева, Ю. П.; Рябчун, С. А.; Третьяков, И. В.; Флоря, И. Н.; Смирнов, А. В.; Ковалюк, В. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Оценка поляризационных искажений, вносимых оптической системой радиотелескопа миллиметрового диапазона | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Преподаватель ХХI век | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 4 | Pages | 230-236 | |
| Keywords | millimeter radio telescope | ||||
| Abstract | В статье рассмотрена поляризация электромагнитного поля вблизи фокальной точки телескопической системы. Оценена верхняя граница поляризационных искажений, вносимых отражающими поверхностями, в том числе с учетом неидеальности отражения. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1821 | |||
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| Author | Семенов, А. В.; Корнеев, А. А.; Смирнов, А. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Ожегов, Р. В.; Окунев, О. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Девятов, И. А. | ||||
| Title | Линейные по мощности поглощаемого излучения поправки к спектральным функциям «грязного» сверхпроводника и отклик сверхпроводниковых детекторов | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Преподаватель ХХI век | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 3 | Pages | 216-220 | |
| Keywords | dirty superconductor film | ||||
| Abstract | В статье развит метод расчета малых поправок к спектральным функциям пленки «грязного» сверхпроводника, возникающих под действием поглощаемой мощности электромагнитного излучения. Метод пригоден в случае спектральных функций произвольного вида, что позволяет применять его для расчета отклика сверхпроводниковых детекторов излучения различного типа. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1822 | |||
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| Author | Корнеева, Ю. П.; Трифонов, А. В.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Смирнов, К. В.; Корнеев, А. А.; Рябчун, С. А.; Третьяков, И. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Расчет согласующего оптического резонатора для сверхпроводникового нанополоскового детектора | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Преподаватель ХХI век | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 3 | Pages | 225-227 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | В статье произведен расчет резонатора, предназначенного для согласования сверхпроводникового нанополоскового однофотонного детектора с оптическим сигналом. Показано, что для детектора, выполненного из пленки с типичным сопротивлением квадрата 500 Ом и коэффициентом заполнения 0.5 коэффициент согласования с излучением, поляризованным параллельно полоскам детектора, достигает величины около 60%. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1823 | |||
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| Author | Чулкова, Галина Меркурьевна; Семёнов, Александр Владимирович; Тархов, Михаил Александрович; Гольцман, Григорий Наумович; Корнеев, Александр Александрович; Смирнов, Константин Владимирович | ||||
| Title | О возможности использования PNR-SNPD в системах телекоммуникационной связи | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Преподаватель ХХI век | Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume | Issue | 2 | Pages | 244-246 | |
| Keywords | PNR SSPD, SNSPD, SNPD | ||||
| Abstract | Рассмотрена возможность применения сверхпроводникового нанополоскового детектора, разрешающего число фотонов (Photon-Number Resolving Superconducting Nanowire Photon Detector, PNR-SNPD), в качестве датчика приёмных модулей телекоммуникационных линий. Оценена мощность оптического импульса, необходимая для достижения приемлемо низкой доли ошибочных битов. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1826 | |||
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| Author | Pütz, P.; Honingh, C. E.; Jacobs, K.; Justen, M.; Schultz, M.; Stutzki, J. | ||||
| Title | Terahertz hot electron bolometer waveguide mixers for GREAT | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Astron. Astrophys. | Abbreviated Journal |
A&A |
| Volume | 542 | Issue | Pages | L2 | |
| Keywords | HEB mixer, applications | ||||
| Abstract | Context. Supplementing the publications based on the first-light observations with the German REceiver for Astronomy at Terahertz frequencies (GREAT) on SOFIA, we present background information on the underlying heterodyne detector technology. This Letter complements the GREAT instrument Letter and focuses on the mixers itself. Aims. We describe the superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) detectors that are used as frequency mixers in the L1 (1400 GHz), L2 (1900 GHz), and M (2500 GHz) channels of GREAT. Measured performance of the detectors is presented and background information on their operation in GREAT is given. Methods. Our mixer units are waveguide-based and couple to free-space radiation via a feedhorn antenna. The HEB mixers are designed, fabricated, characterized, and flight-qualified in-house. We are able to use the full intermediate frequency bandwidth of the mixers using silicon-germanium multi-octave cryogenic low-noise amplifiers with very low input return loss. Results. Superconducting HEB mixers have proven to be practical and sensitive detectors for high-resolution THz frequency spectroscopy on SOFIA. We show that our niobium-titanium-nitride (NbTiN) material HEBs on silicon nitride (SiN) membrane substrates have an intermediate frequency (IF) noise roll-off frequency above 2.8 GHz, which does not limit the current receiver IF bandwidth. Our mixer technology development efforts culminate in the first successful operation of a waveguide-based HEB mixer at 2.5 THz and deployment for radioastronomy. A significant contribution to the success of GREAT is made by technological development, thorough characterization and performance optimization of the mixer and its IF interface for receiver operation on SOFIA. In particular, the development of an optimized mixer IF interface contributes to the low passband ripple and excellent stability, which GREAT demonstrated during its initial successful astronomical observation runs. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 907 | |||
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| Author | Julia Toussaint, Roman Grüner, Marco Schubert, Torsten May, Hans-Georg Meyer, Benjamin Dietzek, Jürgen Popp, Matthias Hofherr, Matthias Arndt, Dagmar Henrich, Konstantin Il'in, and Michael Siegel | ||||
| Title | Superconducting single-photon counting system for optical experiments requiring time-resolution in the picosecond range | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
AIP REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS | |
| Volume | 83 | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, picosecond, time-resolution | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed a cryogenic measurement system for single-photon counting, which can be used in optical experiments requiring high time resolution in the picosecond range. The system utilizes niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors which are integrated in a timecorrelated single-photon counting (TCSPC) setup. In this work, we describe details of the mechanical design, the electrical setup, and the cryogenic optical components. The performance of the complete system in TCSPC mode is tentatively benchmarked using 140 fs long laser pulses at a repetition frequency of 75MHz. Due to the high temporal stability of these pulses, the measured time resolution of 35 ps (FWHM) is limited by the timing jitter of the measurement system. The result was crosschecked in a Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) setup, where scattered pulses from a β-barium borate crystal have been detected with the same time resolution. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ seleznev @ | Serial | 885 | ||
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| Author | Inderbitzin, K.; Engel, A.; Schilling, A.; Il'in, K.; Siegel, M. | ||||
| Title | An ultra-fast superconducting Nb nanowire single-photon detector for soft x-rays | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. | |
| Volume | 101 | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, x-ray, Nb | ||||
| Abstract | Although superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are well studied regarding the detection of infrared/optical photons and keV-molecules, no studies on continuous x-ray photon counting by thick-film detectors have been reported so far. We fabricated a 100 nm thick niobium x-ray SNSPD (an X-SNSPD) and studied its detection capability of photons with keV-energies in continuous mode. The detector is capable to detect photons even at reduced bias currents of 0.4%, which is in sharp contrast to optical thin-film SNSPDs. No dark counts were recorded in extended measurement periods. Strikingly, the signal amplitude distribution depends significantly on the photon energy spectrum.VC |
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| Call Number | RPLAB @ seleznev @ | Serial | 878 | ||
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| Author | Swetz, D. S.; Bennett, D. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Schmidt, D. R.; Ullom, J. N. | ||||
| Title | Current distribution and transition width in superconducting transition-edge sensors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Appl. Phys. Lett. | Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
| Volume | 101 | Issue | Pages | 242603 | |
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| Abstract | Present models of the superconducting-to-normal transition in transition-edge sensors (TESs) do not describe the current distribution within a biased TES. This distribution is complicated by normal-metal features that are integral to TES design. We present a model with one free parameter that describes the evolution of the current distribution with bias. To probe the current distribution experimentally, we fabricated TES devices with different current return geometries. Devices where the current return geometry mirrors current flow within the device have sharper transitions, thus allowing for a direct test of the current-flow model.Measurements from these devices show that current meanders through a TES low in the resistivetransition but flows across the normal-metal features by 40% of the normal-state resistance. Comparison of transition sharpness between device designs reveals that self-induced magnetic fields play an important role in determining the width of the superconducting transition. | ||||
| Address | TES, current distribution | ||||
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| Notes | Recommended by Klapwijk | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 930 | |||
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