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| Author | Moshkova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Morozov, P.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Antipov, A.; Zolotov, P.; Seleznev, V.; Ahmetov, M.; Smirnov, K. | ||||
| Title | High-performance superconducting photon-number-resolving detectors with 86% system efficiency at telecom range | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | J. Opt. Soc. Am. B | Abbreviated Journal  |
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B |
| Volume | 36 | Issue | 3 | Pages | B20 |
| Keywords | NbN PNR SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | The use of improved fabrication technology, highly disordered NbN thin films, and intertwined section topology makes it possible to create high-performance photon-number-resolving superconducting single-photon detectors (PNR SSPDs) that are comparable to conventional single-element SSPDs at the telecom range. The developed four-section PNR SSPD has simultaneously an 86±3% system detection efficiency, 35 cps dark count rate, ∼2 ns dead time, and maximum 90 ps jitter. An investigation of the PNR SSPD’s detection efficiency for multiphoton events shows good uniformity across sections. As a result, such a PNR SSPD is a good candidate for retrieving the photon statistics for light sources and quantum key distribution systems. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0740-3224 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1225 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Seleznev, V. A.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Morozov, P. V.; Zolotov, P. I.; Vasil'ev, D. D.; Moiseev, K. M.; Malevannaya, E. I.; Smirnov, K. V. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting detector of IR single-photons based on thin WSi films | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 737 | Issue | Pages | 012032 | |
| Keywords | WSi SSPD, SNSPD, NEP | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed the deposition technology of WSi thin films 4 to 9 nm thick with high temperature values of superconducting transition (Tc~4 K). Based on deposed films there were produced nanostructures with indicative planar sizes ~100 nm, and the research revealed that even on nanoscale the films possess of high critical temperature values of the superconducting transition (Tc~3.3-3.7 K) which certifies high quality and homogeneity of the films created. The first experiments on creating superconducting single-photon detectors showed that the detectors' SDE (system detection efficiency) with increasing bias current (I b) reaches a constant value of ~30% (for X=1.55 micron) defined by infrared radiation absorption by the superconducting structure. To enhance radiation absorption by the superconductor there were created detectors with cavity structures which demonstrated a practically constant value of quantum efficiency >65% for bias currents Ib>0.6-Ic. The minimal dark counts level (DC) made 1 s-1 limited with background noise. Hence WSi is the most promising material for creating single-photon detectors with record SDE/DC ratio and noise equivalent power (NEP). | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1235 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Lobanov, Y.; Shcherbatenko, M.; Korneev, A.; Pernice, W.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector for on-chip quantum and spectral photonic application | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 917 | Issue | Pages | 062032 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, waveguide | ||||
| Abstract | With use of the travelling-wave geometry approach, integrated superconductor- nanophotonic devices based on silicon nitride nanophotonic waveguide with a superconducting NbN-nanowire suited on top of the waveguide were fabricated. NbN-nanowire was operated as a single-photon counting detector with up to 92 % on-chip detection efficiency in the coherent mode, serving as a highly sensitive IR heterodyne mixer with spectral resolution (f/df) greater than 106 in C-band at 1550 nm wavelength | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ | Serial | 1140 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Smirnov, E.; Golikov, A.; Zolotov, P.; Kovalyuk, V.; Lobino, M.; Voronov, B.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector on lithium niobate | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1124 | Issue | Pages | 051025 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, lithium niobate, LN | ||||
| Abstract | We demonstrate superconducting niobium nitride nanowires folded on top of lithium niobate substrate. We report of 6% system detection efficiency at 20 s−1 dark count rate at telecommunication wavelength (1550 nm). Our results shown great potential for the use of NbN nanowires in the field of linear and nonlinear integrated quantum photonics. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1194 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Moshkova, M.; Morozov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K. | ||||
| Title | Large active area superconducting single photon detector | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1410 | Issue | Pages | 012139 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present development of large active area superconducting single-photon detectors well coupled with standard 50 μm-core multi-mode fiber. The sensitive area of the SSPD is patterned using the photon-number-resolving design and occupies an area of 40×40 μm2. Using this approach, we have obtained excellent specifications: system detection efficiency of 47% measured using a 900 nm laser and low dark count rate of 100 cps. The main advantages of the approach presented are a very short dead time of the detector of 22 ns and FWHM jitter value of about 130 ps. | ||||
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| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1224 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zolotov, P. I.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Lubenchenko, A. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Shurkaeva, I. V.; Smirnov, K. V. | ||||
| Title | Influence of sputtering parameters on the main characteristics of ultra-thin vanadium nitride films | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1124 | Issue | Pages | 051030 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, VN | ||||
| Abstract | We researched the relation between deposition and ultra-thin VN films parameters. To conduct the experimental study we varied substrate temperature, Ar and N2 partial pressures and deposition rate. The study allowed us to obtain the films with close to the bulk values transition temperatures and implement such samples in order to fabricate superconducting single-photon detectors. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1228 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Romanov, N. R.; Zolotov, P. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Smirnov, K. V. | ||||
| Title | Electron diffusivity measurements of VN superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1124 | Issue | Pages | 051032 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, VN | ||||
| Abstract | The research of ultrathin vanadium nitride (VN) films as a promising candidate for superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD) is presented. The electron diffusivity measurements are performed for such devices. Devices that were fabricated out from 9.9 nm films had diffusivity coefficient of 0.41 cm2/s and from 5.4 nm – 0.54 cm2/s. Obtained values are similar to other typical SSPD materials. The diffusivity that increases along with decreasing of the film thickness is expected to allow fabrication of the devices with improved characteristics. Fabricated VN SSPDs showed prominent single-photon response in the range 0.9-1.55 µm. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1229 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zolotov, P. I.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Morozov, P. V.; Seleznev, V. A.; Smirnov, K. V. | ||||
| Title | Development of high-effective superconducting single-photon detectors aimed for mid-IR spectrum range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 917 | Issue | Pages | 062037 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We report on development of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD) with high intrinsic quantum efficiency in the wavelength range 1.31 – 3.3 μm. By optimization of the NbN film thickness and its compound, we managed to improve detection efficiency of the detectors in the range up to 3.3 μm. Optimized devices showed intrinsic quantum efficiencies as high as 10% at mid-IR range. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1233 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Simonov, N. O.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Enhance of the superconducting properties of the NbN/Au bilayer bridges | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1695 | Issue | Pages | 012132 (1 to 4) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We experimentally demonstrate strong temperature dependence of the critical current of the superconducting 600-nm-wide and 5-μm-long bridge made of NbN/Au bilayer. The result is achieved due to the proximity effect realized between the highly disordered superconducting NbN layer and low resistive normal-metal Au layer. | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1263 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Manova, N. N.; Smirnov, E. O.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting photon counter for nanophotonics applications | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1410 | Issue | Pages | 012147 (1 to 5) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We develop large area superconducting single-photon detector SSPD with a micron-wide strip suitable for free-space coupling or packaging with multi-mode optical fibres. The detector sensitive area is 20 μm in diameter. In near infrared (1330 nm wavelength) our SSPD exhibits above 30% detection efficiency with low dark counts and 45 ps timing jitter. | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1271 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Polyakova, M. I.; Florya, I. N.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Extracting hot-spot correlation length from SNSPD tomography data | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1410 | Issue | Pages | 012166 (1 to 4) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, quantum detector tomography, QDT | ||||
| Abstract | We present data of quantum detector tomography for the samples specifically optimized for this problem. Using this method, we take results of hot-spot correlation length of 17 ± 2 nm. | ||||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1273 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Casaburi, A.; Ejrnaes, M.; Quaranta, O.; Gaggero, A.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Lisitskiy, M.; Esposito, E.; Nappi, C.; Cristiano, R.; Pagano, S. | ||||
| Title | Experimental characterization of NbN nanowire optical detectors with parallel stripline configuration | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 97 | Issue | Pages | 012265 (1 to 6) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed a novel geometrical configuration for NbN-based superconducting single photon optical detector (SSPD) that achieves two goals: a much lower intrinsic impedance, and a consequently greater bandwidth, and a much larger signal amplitude compared to the standard meandered configuration. This has been obtained by implementing a properly designed parallel stripline structure where a cascade switching mechanism occurs when one of the striplines is hit by an optical photon. The overall switching occurs synchronously and in a very short time, giving rise to a strong and fast voltage pulse. The SSPD have been realized using state of the art NbN deposition technology and e-beam lithography. The strips are 100 nm wide and 5 μm long and have been realized with 4 nm NbN film on sapphire and Si substrate. We report on experimental characterization of such novel devices. The performances of the proposed novel type of SSPD are compared with standard SSPD design and results in terms of signal amplitude, risetime and effective detection area. | ||||
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| Publisher | IOP Publishing | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6596 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | 8th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS 2007) | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1416 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Rubtsova, I.; Seleznev, V.; Minaeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Voronov, B.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Guziewicz, M.; Bar, J.; Gorska, M.; Pearlman, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting single-photon detectors designed for operation at 1.55-µm telecommunication wavelength | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 43 | Issue | Pages | 1334-1337 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We report on our progress in development of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), specifically designed for secure high-speed quantum communications. The SSPDs consist of NbN-based meander nanostructures and operate at liquid helium temperatures. In general, our devices are capable of GHz-rate photon counting in a spectral range from visible light to mid-infrared. The device jitter is 18 ps and dark counts can reach negligibly small levels. The quantum efficiency (QE) of our best SSPDs for visible-light photons approaches a saturation level of ~30-40%, which is limited by the NbN film absorption. For the infrared range (1.55µm), QE is ~6% at 4.2 K, but it can be significantly improved by reduction of the operation temperature to the 2-K level, when QE reaches ~20% for 1.55-µm photons. In order to further enhance the SSPD efficiency at the wavelength of 1.55 µm, we have integrated our detectors with optical cavities, aiming to increase the effective interaction of the photon with the superconducting meander and, therefore, increase the QE. A successful effort was made to fabricate an advanced SSPD structure with an optical microcavity optimized for absorption of 1.55 µm photons. The design consisted of a quarter-wave dielectric layer, combined with a metallic mirror. Early tests performed on relatively low-QE devices integrated with microcavities, showed that the QE value at the resonator maximum (1.55-µm wavelength) was of the factor 3-to-4 higher than that for a nonresonant SSPD. Independently, we have successfully coupled our SSPDs to single-mode optical fibers. The completed receivers, inserted into a liquid-helium transport dewar, reached ~1% system QE for 1.55 µm photons. The SSPD receivers that are fiber-coupled and, simultaneously, integrated with resonators are expected to be the ultimate photon counters for optical quantum communications. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1450 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Manova, N. N.; Simonov, N. O.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A. | ||||
| Title | Developing of NbN films for superconducting microstrip single-photon detector | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1695 | Issue | Pages | 012116 (1 to 5) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, NbN films | ||||
| Abstract | We optimized NbN films on a Si substrate with a buffer SiO2 layer to produce superconducting microstrip single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current. We varied thickness of films and observed the maximum QE saturation for device based on the thinner film with the lowest ratio RS300/RS20. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1786 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Polyakova, M. I.; Korneev, A. A.; Semenov, A. V. | ||||
| Title | Comparison single- and double- spot detection efficiencies of SSPD based to MoSi and NbN films | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
| Volume | 1695 | Issue | Pages | 012146 (1 to 3) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, MoSi | ||||
| Abstract | In this work, we present results of quantum detector tomography of superconducting single photon detector (SSPD) based on MoSi film, and compare them with previously reported data on NbN. We find that for both materials hot spot interaction length coincides with the strip width, and the dependence of single and double-spot detection efficiencies on bias current are compatible with sufficiently large hot-spot size, approaching the strip width. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1742-6588 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1787 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Somani, S.; Kasapi, S.; Wilsher, K.; Lo, W.; Sobolewski, R.; Gol’tsman, G. | ||||
| Title | New photon detector for device analysis: Superconducting single-photon detector based on a hot electron effect | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 2766-2769 |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | A novel superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD), intrinsically capable of high quantum efficiency (up to 20%) over a wide spectral range (ultraviolet to infrared), with low dark counts (<1 cps), and fast (<40 ps) timing resolution, is described. This SSPD has been used to perform timing measurements on complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) by detecting the infrared light emission from switching transistors. Measurements performed from the backside of a 0.13 μm geometry flip–chip IC are presented. Other potential applications for this detector are in telecommunications, quantum cryptography, biofluorescence, and chemical kinetics. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0734211X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1542 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Korneev, Alexander; Golt'sman, Gregory; Pernice, Wolfram | ||||
| Title | Photonic integration meets single-photon detection | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Laser Focus World | Abbreviated Journal |
Laser Focus World |
| Volume | 51 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 47-50 |
| Keywords | optical waveguide SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | By embedding superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) in nanophotonic circuits, these waveguide-integrated detectors are a key building block for future on-chip quantum computing applications. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ akorneev @ | Serial | 1126 | ||
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| Author | Florya, I. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Photon counting statistics of superconducting single-photon detectors made of a three-layer WSi film | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Low Temp. Phys. | Abbreviated Journal |
Low Temp. Phys. |
| Volume | 44 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 221-225 |
| Keywords | WSi SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) are used in quantum optics when record-breaking time resolution, high speed, and exceptionally low levels of dark counts (false readings) are required. Their detection efficiency is limited, however, by the absorption coefficient of the ultrathin superconducting film for the detected radiation. One possible way of increasing the detector absorption without limiting its broadband response is to make a detector in the form of several vertically stacked layers and connect them in parallel. For the first time we have studied single-photon detection in a multilayer structure consisting of three superconducting layers of amorphous tungsten silicide (WSi) separated by thin layers of amorphous silicon. Two operating modes of the detector are illustrated: an avalanche regime and an arm-trigger regime. A shift in these modes occurs at currents of ∼0.5–0.6 times the critical current of the detector. This work was supported by technical task No. 88 for scientific research at the National Research University “Higher School of Economics,” Grant No. 14.V25.31.0007 from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, and the work of G. N. Goltsman was supported by task No. 3.7328.2017/VU of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1063-777X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1310 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Goltsman, G. N.; Shcherbatenko, M. L.; Lobanov, Y. V.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Kahl, O.; Ferrari, S.; Korneev, A.; Pernice, W. H. P. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting nanowire single photon detector for coherent detection of weak optical signals | Type | Abstract | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | LPHYS'16 | Abbreviated Journal |
LPHYS'16 |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-2 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Traditionally, photon detectors are operated in a direct detection mode counting incident photonswith a known quantum efficiency. This procedure allows one to detect weak sources of radiation but allthe information about its frequency is limited by the optical filtering/resonating structures used which arenot as precise as would be required for some practical applications. In this work we propose heterodynereceiver based on a photon counting mixer which would combine excellent sensitivity of a photon countingdetector and excellent spectral resolution given by the heterodyne technique. At present, Superconducting-Nanowire-Single-Photon-Detectors (SNSPDs) [1] are widely used in a variety of applications providing thebest possible combination of the sensitivity and speed. SNSPDs demonstrate lack of drawbacks like highdark count rate or autopulsing, which are common for traditional semiconductor-based photon detectors,such as avalanche photon diodes.In our study we have investigated SNSPD operated as a photon counting mixer. To fully understandits behavior in such a regime, we have utilized experimental setup based on a couple of distributedfeedback lasers irradiating at 1.5 micrometers, one of which is being the Local Oscillator (LO) and theother mimics the test signal [2]. The SNSPD was operated in the current mode and the bias currentwas slightly below of the critical current. Advantageously, we have found that LO power needed for anoptimal mixing is of the order of hundreds of femtowatts to a few picowatts, which is promising for manypractical applications, such as receiver matrices [3]. With use of the two lasers, one can observe thevoltage pulses produced by the detected photons, and the time distribution of the pulses reproduces thefrequency difference between the lasers, forming power response at the intermediate frequency which canbe captured by either an oscilloscope (an analysis of the pulse statistics is needed) or by an RF spectrumanalyzer. Photon-counting nature of the detector ensures quantum-limited sensitivity with respect to theoptical coupling achieved. In addition to the chip SNSPD with normal incidence coupling, we use thedetectors with a travelling wave geometry design [4]. In this case a NbN nanowire is placed on the topof a Si3N4 nanophotonic waveguide, thus increasing the efficient interaction length. For this reason it ispossible to achieve almost complete absorption of photons and reduce the detector footprint. This reducesthe noise of the device together with the expansion of the bandwidth. Integrated device scheme allowsus to measure the optical losses with high accuracy. Our approach is fully scalable and, along with alarge number of devices integrated on a single chip can be adapted to the mid and far IR ranges wherephoton-counting measurement may be beneficial as well [5].Acknowledgements: This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education and Science of theRussian Federation, contract No. 14.B25.31.0007 and by RFBR grant No. 16-32-00465. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1220 | |||
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| Author | Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | GHz counting rate NbN single-photon detector for IR diagnostics of VLSI CMOS circuits | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Microelectronic Engineering | Abbreviated Journal |
Microelectronic Engineering |
| Volume | 69 | Issue | 2-4 | Pages | 274-278 |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications | ||||
| Abstract | We present a new, simple to manufacture superconducting single-photon detector operational in the range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared radiation wavelengths. The detector combines GHz counting rate, high quantum efficiency and very low level of dark (false) counts. At 1.3–1.5 μm wavelength range our detector exhibits a quantum efficiency of 5–10%. The detector photoresponse voltage pulse duration was measured to be about 150 ps with jitter of 35 ps and both of them were limited mostly by our measurement equipment. In terms of quantum efficiency, dark counts level, speed of operation the detector surpasses all semiconductor counterparts and was successfully applied for CMOS integrated circuits diagnostics. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0167-9317 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1511 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sclafani, M.; Marksteiner, M.; Keir, F. M. L.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. | ||||
| Title | Sensitivity of a superconducting nanowire detector for single ions at low energy | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Nanotechnol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 065501 (1 to 5) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single ion detector, SSID, SNSID | ||||
| Abstract | We report on the characterization of a superconducting nanowire detector for ions at low kinetic energies. We measure the absolute single-particle detection efficiency eta and trace its increase with energy up to eta = 100%. We discuss the influence of noble gas adsorbates on the cryogenic surface and analyze their relevance for the detection of slow massive particles. We apply a recent model for the hot-spot formation to the incidence of atomic ions at energies between 0.2 and 1 keV. We suggest how the differences observed for photons and atoms or molecules can be related to the surface condition of the detector and we propose that the restoration of proper surface conditions may open a new avenue for SSPD-based optical spectroscopy on molecules and nanoparticles. | ||||
| Address | Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0957-4484 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:22248823 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1380 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A.; Williams, C.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, R.; Gilbert, G. | ||||
| Title | Single-photon superconducting detectors for practical high-speed quantum cryptography | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | OFCC/ICQI | Abbreviated Journal |
OFCC/ICQI |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | Pa3 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QKD, quantum cryptography | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed an ultrafast superconducting single-photon detector with negligible dark counting rate. The detector is based on an ultrathin, submicron-wide NbN meander-type stripe and can detect individual photons in the visible to near-infrared wavelength range at a rate of at least 10 Gb/s. The above counting rate allows us to implement the NbN device to unconditionally secret quantum key distRochester, New Yorkribution in a practical, high-speed system using real-time Vernam enciphering. | ||||
| Address | Rochester, New York | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Optical Society of America | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Optical Fiber Communication Conference and International Conference on Quantum Information | ||
| Notes | -- from poster session. | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1544 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Rosfjord, Kristine M.; Yang, Joel K. W.; Dauler, Eric A.; Kerman, Andrew J.; Vikas Anant; Voronov, Boris M.; Gol'tsman, Gregory N.; Berggren, Karl K. | ||||
| Title | Nanowire Single-photon detector with an integrated optical cavity and anti-reflection coating | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 527-534 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, cavity | ||||
| Abstract | We have fabricated and tested superconducting single-photon detectors and demonstrated detection efficiencies of 57% at 1550-nm wavelength and 67% at 1064 nm. In addition to the peak detection efficiency, a median detection efficiency of 47.7% was measured over 132 devices at 1550 nm. These measurements were made at 1.8K, with each device biased to 97.5% of its critical current. The high detection efficiencies resulted from the addition of an optical cavity and anti-reflection coating to a nanowire photodetector, creating an integrated nanoelectrophotonic device with enhanced performance relative to the original device. Here, the testing apparatus and the fabrication process are presented. The detection efficiency of devices before and after the addition of optical elements is also reported. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:19503367 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 388 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Ferrari, S.; Kovalyuk, V.; Hartmann, W.; Vetter, A.; Kahl, O.; Lee, C.; Korneev, A.; Rockstuhl, C.; Gol'tsman, G.; Pernice, W. | ||||
| Title | Hot-spot relaxation time current dependence in niobium nitride waveguide-integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 25 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 8739-8750 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, photon counting; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Integrated optics; Multiphoton processes; Photon statistics | ||||
| Abstract | We investigate how the bias current affects the hot-spot relaxation dynamics in niobium nitride. We use for this purpose a near-infrared pump-probe technique on a waveguide-integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detector driven in the two-photon regime. We observe a strong increase in the picosecond relaxation time for higher bias currents. A minimum relaxation time of (22 +/- 1)ps is obtained when applying a bias current of 50% of the switching current at 1.7 K bath temperature. We also propose a practical approach to accurately estimate the photon detection regimes based on the reconstruction of the measured detector tomography at different bias currents and for different illumination conditions. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ | Serial | 1118 | ||
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| Author | Kovalyuk, V.; Hartmann, W.; Kahl, O.; Kaurova, N.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Pernice, W. H. P. | ||||
| Title | Absorption engineering of NbN nanowires deposited on silicon nitride nanophotonic circuits | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 22683-22692 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, NbN nanoeires, Si3N4 waveguides | ||||
| Abstract | We investigate the absorption properties of U-shaped niobium nitride (NbN) nanowires atop nanophotonic circuits. Nanowires as narrow as 20nm are realized in direct contact with Si3N4 waveguides and their absorption properties are extracted through balanced measurements. We perform a full characterization of the absorption coefficient in dependence of length, width and separation of the fabricated nanowires, as well as for waveguides with different cross-section and etch depth. Our results show excellent agreement with finite-element analysis simulations for all considered parameters. The experimental data thus allows for optimizing absorption properties of emerging single-photon detectors co-integrated with telecom wavelength optical circuits. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:24104155 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1213 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | McCarthy, Aongus; Krichel, Nils J.; Gemmell, Nathan R.; Ren, Ximing; Tanner, Michael G.; Dorenbos, Sander N.; Zwiller, Val; Hadfield, Robert H.; Buller, Gerald S. | ||||
| Title | Kilometer-range, high resolution depth imaging via 1560 nm wavelength single-photon detection | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 21 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 8904-8915 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, lidar, SSPD applications, SNSPD applications | ||||
| Abstract | This paper highlights a significant advance in time-of-flight depth imaging: by using a scanning transceiver which incorporated a free-running, low noise superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, we were able to obtain centimeter resolution depth images of low-signature objects in daylight at stand-off distances of the order of one kilometer at the relatively eye-safe wavelength of 1560 nm. The detector used had an efficiency of 18% at 1 kHz dark count rate, and the overall system jitter was ~100 ps. The depth images were acquired by illuminating the scene with an optical output power level of less than 250 µW average, and using per-pixel dwell times in the millisecond regime. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1053 | |||
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| Author | Elezov, M.; Ozhegov, R.; Goltsman, G.; Makarov, V. | ||||
| Title | Countermeasure against bright-light attack on superconducting nanowire single-photon detector in quantum key distribution | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 27 | Issue | 21 | Pages | 30979-30988 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present an active anti-latching system for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. We experimentally test it against a bright-light attack, previously used to compromise security of quantum key distribution. Although our system detects continuous blinding, the detector is shown to be partially blindable and controllable by specially tailored sequences of bright pulses. Improvements to the countermeasure are suggested. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:31684339 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1275 | |||
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| Author | Mohan, N.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Nasr, M. B.; Saleh, B. E.; Sergienko, A. V.; Teich, M. C. | ||||
| Title | Photon-counting optical coherence-domain reflectometry using superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 18118-18130 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We consider the use of single-photon counting detectors in coherence-domain imaging. Detectors operated in this mode exhibit reduced noise, which leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility of using superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for optical coherence-domain reflectometry (OCDR). These detectors are sensitive over the full spectral range that is useful for carrying out such imaging in biological samples. With counting rates as high as 100 MHz, SSPDs also offer a high rate of data acquisition if the light flux is sufficient. | ||||
| Address | Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. nm82@bu.edu | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:18958090 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1407 | |||
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| Author | Nasr, M. B.; Minaeva, O.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Saleh, B. E.; Teich, M. C. | ||||
| Title | Submicron axial resolution in an ultrabroadband two-photon interferometer using superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Opt. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
| Volume | 16 | Issue | 19 | Pages | 15104-15108 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We generate ultrabroadband biphotons via the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a quasi-phase-matched nonlinear grating that has a linearly chirped poling period. Using these biphotons in conjunction with superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), we measure the narrowest Hong-Ou-Mandel dip to date in a two-photon interferometer, having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 5.7 fsec. This FWHM corresponds to a quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT) axial resolution of 0.85 µm. Our results indicate that a high flux of nonoverlapping biphotons may be generated, as required in many applications of nonclassical light. | ||||
| Address | Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Physics, Quantum Imaging Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. boshra@bu.edu | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1094-4087 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:18795048 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1408 | |||
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| Author | Morozov, P.; Lukina, M.; Shirmanova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Dudenkova, V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Becker, W.; Shcheslavskiy, V. I. | ||||
| Title | Singlet oxygen phosphorescence imaging by superconducting single-photon detector and time-correlated single-photon counting | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Opt. Lett. | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Lett. |
| Volume | 46 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1217-1220 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, applications | ||||
| Abstract | This Letter presents, to the best of our knowledge, a novel optical configuration for direct time-resolved measurements of luminescence from singlet oxygen, both in solutions and from cultured cells on photodynamic therapy. The system is based on the superconducting single-photon detector, coupled to the confocal scanner that is modified for the near-infrared measurements. The recording of a phosphorescence signal from singlet oxygen at 1270 nm has been done using time-correlated single-photon counting. The performance of the system is verified by measuring phosphorescence from singlet oxygen generated by the photosensitizers commonly used in photodynamic therapy: methylene blue and chlorin e6. The described system can be easily upgraded to the configuration when both phosphorescence from singlet oxygen and fluorescence from the cells can be detected in the imaging mode. Thus, co-localization of the signal from singlet oxygen with the areas inside the cells can be done. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0146-9592 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:33720151 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1221 | |||
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| Author | Vorobyov, V. V.; Kazakov, A. Y.; Soshenko, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Shalaginov, M. Y.; Bolshedvorskii, S. V.; Sorokin, V. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Shalaev, V. M.; Akimov, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting detector for visible and near-infrared quantum emitters [Invited] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Opt. Mater. Express | Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Mater. Express |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 513-526 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Further development of quantum emitter based communication and sensing applications intrinsically depends on the availability of robust single-photon detectors. Here, we demonstrate a new generation of superconducting single-photon detectors specifically optimized for the 500–1100 nm wavelength range, which overlaps with the emission spectrum of many interesting solid-state atom-like systems, such as nitrogen-vacancy and silicon-vacancy centers in diamond. The fabricated detectors have a wide dynamic range (up to 350 million counts per second), low dark count rate (down to 0.1 counts per second), excellent jitter (62 ps), and the possibility of on-chip integration with a quantum emitter. In addition to performance characterization, we tested the detectors in real experimental conditions involving nanodiamond nitrogen-vacancy emitters enhanced by a hyperbolic metamaterial. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2159-3930 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1234 | |||
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| Author | Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | NbN nanowire superconducting single-photon detector for mid-infrared | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Phys. Procedia | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Procedia |
| Volume | 36 | Issue | Pages | 72-76 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD) is typically 100 nm-wide supercondiucting strip in a shape of meander made of 4-nm-thick film. To reduce response time and increase voltage response a parallel connection of the strips was proposed. Recently we demonstrated that reduction of the strip width improves the quantum effciency of such a detector at wavelengths longer than 1.5 μm. Being encourage by this progress in quantum effciency we improved the fabrication process and made parallel-wire SSPD with 40-nm-wide strips covering total area of 10 μm x 10 μm. In this paper we present the results of the characterization of such a parallel-wire SSPD at 10.6 μm wavelength and demonstrate linear dependence of the count rate on the light power as it should be in case of single-photon response. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1875-3892 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1382 | |||
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| Author | Baeva, E. M.; Sidorova, M. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Divochy, A. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Zolotov, P. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Semenov, A. V.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Khrapai, V. S.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Thermal properties of NbN single-photon detectors | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Phys. Rev. Applied | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
| Volume | 10 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 064063 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We investigate thermal properties of a NbN single-photon detector capable of unit internal detection efficiency. Using an independent calibration of the coupling losses, we determine the absolute optical power absorbed by the NbN film and, via resistive superconductor thermometry, the temperature dependence of the thermal resistance Z(T) of the NbN film. In principle, this approach permits simultaneous measurement of the electron-phonon and phonon-escape contributions to the energy relaxation, which in our case is ambiguous because of the similar temperature dependencies. We analyze Z(T) with a two-temperature model and impose an upper bound on the ratio of electron and phonon heat capacities in NbN, which is surprisingly close to a recent theoretical lower bound for the same quantity in similar devices. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2331-7019 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1226 | |||
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| Author | Korneeva, Y. P.; Vodolazov, D. Y.; Semenov, A. V.; Florya, I. N.; Simonov, N.; Baeva, E.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N.; Klapwijk, T. M. | ||||
| Title | Optical single-photon detection in micrometer-scale NbN bridges | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Phys. Rev. Applied | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
| Volume | 9 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 064037 (1 to 13) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We demonstrate experimentally that single-photon detection can be achieved in micrometer-wide NbN bridges, with widths ranging from 0.53 to 5.15 μm and for photon wavelengths of 408 to 1550 nm. The microbridges are biased with a dc current close to the experimental critical current, which is estimated to be about 50% of the theoretically expected depairing current. These results offer an alternative to the standard superconducting single-photon detectors, based on nanometer-scale nanowires implemented in a long meandering structure. The results are consistent with improved theoretical modeling based on the theory of nonequilibrium superconductivity, including the vortex-assisted mechanism of initial dissipation. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2331-7019 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1303 | |||
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| Author | Vodolazov, D. Y.; Manova, N. N.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A. | ||||
| Title | Timing jitter in NbN superconducting microstrip single-photon detector | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Phys. Rev. Applied | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 044041 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We experimentally study timing jitter of single-photon detection by NbN superconducting strips with width w ranging from 190 nm to 3μm. We find that timing jitter of both narrow (190 nm) and micron-wide strips is about 40 ps at currents where internal detection efficiency η saturates and it is close to our instrumental jitter. We also calculate intrinsic timing jitter in wide strips using the modified time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation coupled with a two-temperature model. We find that with increasing width the intrinsic timing jitter increases and the effect is most considerable at currents where a rapid growth of η changes to saturation. We relate it with complicated vortex and antivortex dynamics, which depends on a photon’s absorption site across the strip and its width. The model also predicts that at current close to depairing current the intrinsic timing jitter of a wide strip could be about ℏ/kBTc (Tc is a critical temperature of superconductor), i.e., the same as for a narrow strip. | ||||
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| ISSN | 2331-7019 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1788 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Korneeva, Y. P.; Manova, N. N.; Florya, I. N.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Dobrovolskiy, O. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Vodolazov, D. Y. | ||||
| Title | Different single-photon response of wide and narrow superconducting MoxSi1−x strips | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Phys. Rev. Applied | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
| Volume | 13 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 024011 (1 to 7) |
| Keywords | MoSi SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | The photon count rate (PCR) of superconducting single-photon detectors made of MoxSi1−x films shaped as a 2-μm-wide strip and a 115-nm-wide meander strip line is studied experimentally as a function of the dc biasing current at different values of the perpendicular magnetic field. For the wide strip, a crossover current Icross is observed, below which the PCR increases with an increasing magnetic field and above which it decreases. This behavior contrasts with the narrow MoxSi1−x meander, for which no crossover current is observed, thus suggesting different photon-detection mechanisms in the wide and narrow strips. Namely, we argue that in the wide strip the absorbed photon destroys superconductivity locally via the vortex-antivortex mechanism for the emergence of resistance, while in the narrow meander superconductivity is destroyed across the whole strip line, forming a hot belt. Accordingly, the different photon-detection mechanisms associated with vortices and the hot belt determine the qualitative difference in the dependence of the PCR on the magnetic field. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2331-7019 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1790 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sidorova, M.; Semenov, Alexej D.; Hübers, H.-W.; Ilin, K.; Siegel, M.; Charaev, I.; Moshkova, M.; Kaurova, N.; Goltsman, G. N.; Zhang, X.; Schilling, A. | ||||
| Title | Electron energy relaxation in disordered superconducting NbN films | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Phys. Rev. B | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. B |
| Volume | 102 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 054501 (1 to 15) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, HEB, bandwidth, relaxation time | ||||
| Abstract | We report on the inelastic-scattering rate of electrons on phonons and relaxation of electron energy studied by means of magnetoconductance, and photoresponse, respectively, in a series of strongly disordered superconducting NbN films. The studied films with thicknesses in the range from 3 to 33 nm are characterized by different Ioffe-Regel parameters but an almost constant product qTl (qT is the wave vector of thermal phonons and l is the elastic mean free path of electrons). In the temperature range 14–30 K, the electron-phonon scattering rates obey temperature dependencies close to the power law 1/τe−ph∼Tn with the exponents n≈3.2–3.8. We found that in this temperature range τe−ph and n of studied films vary weakly with the thickness and square resistance. At 10 K electron-phonon scattering times are in the range 11.9–17.5 ps. The data extracted from magnetoconductance measurements were used to describe the experimental photoresponse with the two-temperature model. For thick films, the photoresponse is reasonably well described without fitting parameters, however, for thinner films, the fit requires a smaller heat capacity of phonons. We attribute this finding to the reduced density of phonon states in thin films at low temperatures. We also show that the estimated Debye temperature in the studied NbN films is noticeably smaller than in bulk material. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2469-9950 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1266 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sidorova, M. V.; Kozorezov, A. G.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Korneev, A. A.; Chulkova, G. M.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Nonbolometric bottleneck in electron-phonon relaxation in ultrathin WSi films | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Phys. Rev. B | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. B |
| Volume | 97 | Issue | 18 | Pages | 184512 (1 to 13) |
| Keywords | WSi films, diffusion constant, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We developed the model of the internal phonon bottleneck to describe the energy exchange between the acoustically soft ultrathin metal film and acoustically rigid substrate. Discriminating phonons in the film into two groups, escaping and nonescaping, we show that electrons and nonescaping phonons may form a unified subsystem, which is cooled down only due to interactions with escaping phonons, either due to direct phonon conversion or indirect sequential interaction with an electronic system. Using an amplitude-modulated absorption of the sub-THz radiation technique, we studied electron-phonon relaxation in ultrathin disordered films of tungsten silicide. We found an experimental proof of the internal phonon bottleneck. The experiment and simulation based on the proposed model agree well, resulting in τe−ph∼140–190 ps at TC=3.4K, supporting the results of earlier measurements by independent techniques. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2469-9950 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1305 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Vodolazov, D. Y.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Vortex-assisted mechanism of photon counting in a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector revealed by external magnetic field | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Phys. Rev. B | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. B |
| Volume | 92 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 104503 (1 to 9) |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We use an external magnetic field to probe the detection mechanism of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector. We argue that the hot belt model (which assumes partial suppression of the superconducting order parameter Δ across the whole width of the superconducting nanowire after absorption of the photon) does not explain observed weak-field dependence of the photon count rate (PCR) for photons with λ=450nm and noticeable decrease of PCR (with increasing the magnetic field) in a range of the currents for photons with wavelengths λ=450–1200nm. Found experimental results for all studied wavelengths can be explained by the vortex hot spot model (which assumes partial suppression of Δ in the area with size smaller than the width of the nanowire) if one takes into account nucleation and entrance of the vortices to the photon induced hot spot and their pinning by the hot spot with relatively large size and strongly suppressed Δ. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1098-0121 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1343 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Hübers, H.-W. | ||||
| Title | Effect of magnetic field on the photon detection in thin superconducting meander structures | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Phys. Rev. B | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. B |
| Volume | 89 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 104513 (1 to 7) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We have studied the influence of an externally applied magnetic field on the photon and dark count rates of meander-type niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Measurements have been performed at a temperature of 4.2 K, and magnetic fields up to 250 mT have been applied perpendicularly to the meander plane. While photon count rates are field independent at weak applied fields, they show a strong dependence at fields starting from approximately ±25 mT. This behavior, as well as the magnetic field dependence of the dark count rates, is in good agreement with the recent theoretical model of vortex-assisted photon detection and spontaneous vortex crossing in narrow superconducting lines. However, the local reduction of the superconducting free energy due to photon absorption, which is the fitting parameter in the model, increases much slower with the photon energy than the model predicts. Furthermore, changes in the free-energy during photon counts and dark counts depend differently on the current that flows through the meander. This indicates that photon counts and dark counts occur in different parts of the meander. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1098-0121 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1367 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zhang, J.; Słysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Time delay of resistive-state formation in superconducting stripes excited by single optical photons | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Phys. Rev. B | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. B |
| Volume | 67 | Issue | 13 | Pages | 132508 (1 to 4) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We have observed a 65(±5)-ps time delay in the onset of a resistive-state formation in 10-nm-thick, 130-nm-wide NbN superconducting stripes exposed to single photons. The delay in the photoresponse decreased to zero when the stripe was irradiated by multi-photon (classical) optical pulses. Our NbN structures were kept at 4.2 K, well below the material’s critical temperature, and were illuminated by 100-fs-wide optical pulses. The time-delay phenomenon has been explained within the framework of a model based on photon-induced generation of a hotspot in the superconducting stripe and subsequent, supercurrent-assisted, resistive-state formation across the entire stripe cross section. The measured time delays in both the single-photon and two-photon detection regimes agree well with theoretical predictions of the resistive-state dynamics in one-dimensional superconducting stripes. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0163-1829 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1519 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Gol'tsman, G. N.; Korneev, A.; Rubtsova, I.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Minaeva, O.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Słysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors for near-infrared-wavelength quantum communications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Phys. Stat. Sol. (C) | Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Stat. Sol. (C) |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 1480-1488 |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our progress on the research and development of NbN superconducting single‐photon detectors (SSPD's) for ultrafast counting of near‐infrared photons for secure quantum communications. Our SSPD's operate in the quantum detection mode based on the photon‐induced hotspot formation and subsequent development of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron‐width superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 4‐nm‐thick NbN films and kept in the 4.2‐ to 2‐K temperature range. The detector experimental quantum efficiency in the photon‐counting mode reaches above 40% for the visible light and up to 30% in the 1.3‐ to 1.55‐µm wavelength range with dark counts below 0.01 per second. The experimental real‐time counting rate is above 2 GHz and is limited by our readout electronics. The SSPD's timing jitter is below 18 ps, and the best‐measured value of the noise‐equivalent power (NEP) is 5 × 10–21 W/Hz1/2 at 1.3 µm. In terms of quantum efficiency, timing jitter, and maximum counting rate, our NbN SSPD's significantly outperform semiconductor avalanche photodiodes and photomultipliers in the 1.3‐ to 1.55‐µm range. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1610-1634 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1479 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Il'in, K. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Sobolewski, Roman | ||||
| Title | Characterization of the electron energy relaxation process in NbN hot-electron devices | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Proc. 10th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 10th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 390-397 | ||
| Keywords | HEB mixers, SSPD, SNSPD, NbN films, Nb films | ||||
| Abstract | We report on transient measurements of electron energy relaxation in NbN films with 300-fs time resolution. Using an electro-optic sampling technique, we have studied the photoresponse of 3.5-nm-thick NbN films deposited on sapphire substrates and exposed to 100-fs-wide optical pulses. Our experimental data analysis was based on the two-temperature model and has shown that in our films at the superconducting transition 10.5 K the inelastic electron-phonon scattering time was about (111}+-__.2) ps. This response time indicated that the maximum intermediate-frequency band of a NbN hot-electron phonon-cooled mixer should reach (16+41-3) GHz if one eliminates the bolometric phonon-heating effect. We have suggested several ways to increase the effectiveness of phonon cooling to achieve the above intrinsic value of the NbN mixer bandwidth. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1576 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A.; Xu, Y.; Zheng, X.; Williams, C.; Sobolewski, Roman; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Gol’tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting NbN-based ultrafast hot-electron single-photon detector for infrared range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Proc. 12th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 12th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 462-468 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1539 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smimov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Spectral sensitivity and temporal resolution of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 105-111 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We report our studies on spectral sensitivity and time resolution of superconducting NbN thin film single-photon detectors (SPDs). Our SPDs exhibit an everimentally measured detection efficiencies (DE) from — 0.2% at 2=1550 nm up to —3% at lambda=405 nm wavelength for 10-nm film thickness devices and up to 3.5% at lambda=1550 nm for 3.5-nm film thickness devices. Spectral dependences of detection efficiency (DE) at 2=0.4 —3.0 pm range are presented. With variable optical delay setup, it is shown that NbN SPD potentially can resolve optical pulses with the repetition rate up to 10 GHz at least. The observed full width at the half maximum (FWHM) of the signal pulse is about 150-180 ps, limited by read-out electronics. The jitter of NbN SPD is measured to be —35 ps at optimum biasing. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1528 | |||
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| Author | Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Wilsher, K.; Lo, W.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | A superconducting single-photon detector for CMOS IC probing | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Proc. 16-th LEOS | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 16-th LEOS |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 602-603 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper, a novel, time-resolved, NbN-based, superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) has been developed for probing CMOS integrated circuits (ICs) using photon emission timing analysis (PETA). | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | The 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2003. LEOS 2003. | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1510 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Divochij, A.; Rubtsova, I.; Antipov, A.; Ryabchun, S.; Okunev, O.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Seleznev, V.; Korotetskaya, Y.; Gol’tsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting single-photon detector for near- and middle IR wavelength range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Proc. 16th Int. Crimean Microwave and Telecommunication Technology | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 16th Int. Crimean Microwave and Telecommunication Technology |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 684-685 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Presented in this paper are the results of research of NbN-film superconducting single-photon detector. At 2 K temperature, quantum efficiency in the visible light (0.56 mum) reaches 30-40 %. With the wavelength increase quantum efficiency decreases and comes to 20% at 1.55 mum and 0.02% at 5.6 mum. Minimum dark counts rate is 2times10-4s-1. The jitter of detector is 35 ps. The detector was successfully implemented for integrated circuits non-invasive optical testing. It is also perspective for quantum cryptography systems | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1447 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Gol'tsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Voronov, B.; Smirnov, K.; Seleznev, V.; Słysz, W.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Sobolewski, Roman | ||||
| Title | Superconducting nanostructured detectors capable of single-photon counting in the THz range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 16th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 555-557 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present the results of the NbN superconducting single-photon detector sensitivity measurement in the visible to mid-IR range. For visible and near IR light (0.56 — 1.3μm wavelengths) the detector exhibits 30% quantum efficiency saturation value limited by the NbN film absorption and extremely low level of dark counts (2x10 -4 s -1). The detector manifested single-photon counting up to 6 μm wavelength with the quantum efficiency reaching 10 -2 % at 5.6 μm and 3 K temperature. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1476 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Tarkhov, M.; Morozov, D.; Mauskopf, P.; Seleznev, V.; Korneev, A.; Kaurova, N.; Rubtsova, I.; Minaeva, O.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Single photon counting detector for THz radioastronomy | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Proc. 17th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 17th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 119-122 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we present the results of the research on the superconducting NbN-ultrathin-film single- photon detectors (SSPD) which are capable to detect single quanta in middle IR range. The detection mechanism is based on the hotspot formation in quasi-two-dimensional superconducting structures upon photon absorption. Spectral measurements showed that up to 5.7 gm wavelength (52 THz) the SSPD exhibits single-photon sensitivity. Reduction of operation temperature to 1.6 K allowed us to measure quantum efficiency of -4% at 60 THz. Although further decrease of the operation temperature far below 1 K does not lead to any significant increase of quantum efficiency. We expect that the improvement of the SSPD's performance at reduced operation temperature will make SSPD a practical detector with high characteristics for much lower THz frequencies as well. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1438 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Slysz, W. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting nanostructures for counting of single photons in the infrared range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. 2-nd CAOL | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 2-nd CAOL |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 100-103 | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our studies on ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) based on ultrathin NbN nanostructures. Our SSPDs are patterned by electron beam lithography from 4-nm thick NbN film into meander-shaped strips covering square area of 10/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. The advances in the fabrication technology allowed us to produce highly uniform 100-120-nm-wide strips with meander filling factor close to 0.6. The detectors exploit a combined detection mechanism, where upon a single-photon absorption, an avalanche of excited hot electrons and the biasing supercurrent, jointly produce a picosecond voltage transient response across the superconducting nanostrip. The SSPDs are typically operated at 4.2 K, but they have shown that their sensitivity in the infrared radiation range can be significantly improved by lowering the operating temperature from 4.2 K to 2 K. When operated at 2 K, the SSPD quantum efficiency (QE) for visible light photons reaches 30-40%, which is the saturation value limited by optical absorption of our 4-nm-thick NbN film. For 1.55 /spl mu/m photons, QE was /spl sim/20% and decreases exponentially with the increase of the optical wavelength, but even at the wavelength of 6 /spl mu/m the detector remains sensitive to single photons and exhibits QE of about 10/sup -2/%. The dark (false) count rate at 2 K is as low as 2 /spl times/ 10/sup -4/ s/sup -1/, what makes our detector essentially a background-limited sensor. The very low dark-count rate results in the noise equivalent power (NEP) as low as 10/sup -18/ WHz/sup -1/2/ for the mid-infrared range (6 /spl mu/m). Further improvement of the SSPD performance in the mid-infrared range can be obtained by substituting NbN for the other, lower-T/sub c/ superconductors with the narrow superconducting gap and low quasiparticle diffusivity. The use of such materials will shift the cutoff wavelength towards the values even longer than 6 /spl mu/m. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | Second International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1461 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Antipov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Morozov, D.; Korneev, A.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Stysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Gorska, M.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Registration of infrared single photons by a two-channel receiver based on fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. 2-nd CAOL | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 2-nd CAOL |
| Volume | 2 | Issue | Pages | 282-285 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Single-photon detectors (SPDs) are the foundation of all quantum communications (QC) protocols. Among different classes of SPDs currently studied, NbN superconducting SPDs (SSPDs) are established as the best devices for ultrafast counting of single photons in the infrared (IR) wavelength range. The SSPDs are nanostructured, 100 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ in total area, superconducting meanders, patterned by electron lithography in ultra-thin NbN films. Their operation has been explained within a phenomenological hot-electron photoresponse model. We present the design and performance of a novel, two-channel SPD receiver, based on two fiber-coupled NbN SSPDs. The receivers have been developed for fiber-based QC systems, operational at 1.3 /spl mu/m and 1.55 /spl mu/m telecommunication wavelengths. They operate in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 2 K, in which the NbN SSPDs exhibit their best performance. The receiver unit has been designed as a cryostat insert, placed inside a standard liquid-helium storage dewar. The input of the receiver consists of a pair of single-mode optical fibers, equipped with the standard FC connectors and kept at room temperature. Coupling between the SSPD and the fiber is achieved using a specially designed, precise micromechanical holder that places the fiber directly on top of the SSPD nanostructure. Our receivers achieve the quantum efficiency of up to 7% for near-IR photons, with the coupling efficiency of about 30%. The response time was measured to be <300 ps and it was limited by our read-out electronics. The jitter of fiber-coupled SSPDs is <35 ps and their dark-count rate is below 1 s/sup -1/. The presented performance parameters show that our single-photon receivers are fully applicable for quantum-correlation-type QC systems, including practical quantum cryptography. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Second International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1462 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Rubtsova, I.; Korneev, A.; Matvienko, V.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Goltsman, G.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Spectral sensitivity, quantum efficiency, and noise equivalent power of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors in the IR range | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Proc. 29th IRMMW / 12th THz | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 29th IRMMW / 12th THz |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 461-462 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed nanostructured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors capable of GHz-rate photon counting in the 0.4 to 5 /spl mu/m wavelength range. Quantum efficiency of 30%, dark count rate 3/spl times/10/sup -4/ s/sup -1/, and NEP=10/sup -20/ W/Hz/sup -1/2/ have been measured at the 1.3-/spl mu/m wavelength for the device operating at 2.0 K. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1507 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sych, Denis; Shcherbatenko, Michael; Elezov, Michael; Goltsman, Gregory N. | ||||
| Title | Towards the improvement of the heterodyne receiver sensitivity beyond the quantum noise limit | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Proc. 29th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 29th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 245-247 | ||
| Keywords | standard quantum limit, sub-SQL quantum receiver, Kennedy receiver, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Noise reduction in heterodyne receivers of the terahertz range is an important issue for astronomical applications. Quantum fluctuations, also known as shot noise, prohibit errorless measurements of the amplitude of electro-magnetic waves, and introduce the so-called standard quantum limit (SQL) on the minimum error of the heterodyne measurements. Nowadays, the sensitivity of modern heterodyne receivers approaches the SQL, and the growing demand for the improvement of measurement precision stimulates a number of both theoretical and experimental efforts to design novel measurement techniques aimed at overcoming the SQL. Here we demonstrate the first steps towards the practical implementation of a sub-SQL quantum receiver. As the principal resources, it requires a highly efficient single-photon counting detector and an interferometer-based scheme for mixing the signal with a low-power local oscillator. We describe the idea of such receiver and its main components. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1314 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sáysz, Wojciech; Guziewicz, Marek; Bar, Jan; Wegrzecki, Maciej; Grabiec, Piotr; Grodecki, Remigiusz; Wegrzecka, Iwona; Zwiller, Val; Milosnaya, Irina; Voronov, Boris; Gol’tsman, Gregory; Kitaygorsky, Jen; Sobolewski, Roman | ||||
| Title | Superconducting NbN nanostructures for single photon quantum detectors | Type | Abstract | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Proc. 7-th Int. Conf. Ion Implantation and Other Applications of Ions and Electrons | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 7-th Int. Conf. Ion Implantation and Other Applications of Ions and Electrons |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 160 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Practical quantum systems such as quantum communication (QC) or quantum measurement systems require detectors with high speed, high sensitivity, high quantum efficiency (QE), and short deadtimes along with precise timing characteristics and low dark counts. Superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs) based on ultrathin meander type NbN nanostripes (operated at T=2-5K) are a new and highly promising type of devices fulfilling above requirements. In this paper we present results of the SSPDs nanostructure technological optimization. The base for our detector is thin-film (4nm) NbN layer deposited on 350- P m-thick sapphire substrate The active element of the detector is a meander- nanostructure made of 4-nm-thick and 100-nm-wide NbN stripe, covering 10 u 10 P m 2 area with the filling factor ~0,5. The NbN superconducting films were deposited on sapphire substrates by DC reactive magnetron sputtering whereas the meander element of the detector was patterned by the direct electron-beam lithography followed by reactive-ion etching. To enhance the SSPD efficiency at Ȝ = 1.55 P m, we have performed an approach to increase the absorption of the detector by integrating it with optical resonant cavity. An optical microcavity optimized for absorption of 1.55 P m photons was designed as an one-mirror resonator consisting of a Ȝ/4 dielectric layer and a metallic mirror. The microcavity was deposited on the top of the NbN SSPD meander. The resonator was formed by the dielectric SiO 2 layer and metal mirror made of gold or palladium. Microcavity layers were deposited using a magnetron sputtering system. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1409 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Baeva, E.; Sidorova, M.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Precise measurement of the thermal conductivity of superconductor | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Proc. AIP Conf. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. AIP Conf. |
| Volume | 1936 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 020003 (1 to 4) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Measuring the thermal properties such as the heat capacity provide information about intrinsic mechanisms operated inside. In general, the ratio between electron and phonon specific heat Ce/Cp shows how the absorbed energy shared between electron and phonon subsystems. In this work we make estimations for amplitude-modulated absorption of THz radiation technique for investigation of the ratio Ce/Cp in superconducting Niobium Nitride (NbN) at T = Tc. Our results indicates that experimentally the frequency of modulation has to be extra large to extract the quantity. We perform a new technique allowed to work at low frequency with accurately measurement of absorbed power. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | doi:10.1063/1.5025441 | Serial | 1311 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Semenov, A. D.; Hübers, H.-W.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Smirnov, K. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting quantum detector for astronomy and X-ray spectroscopy | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Proc. Int. Workshop on Supercond. Nano-Electronics Devices | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Int. Workshop on Supercond. Nano-Electronics Devices |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 201-210 | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, SQD, superconducting quantum detectors, X-ray spectroscopy | ||||
| Abstract | We propose the novel concept of ultra-sensitive energy-dispersive superconducting quantum detectors prospective for applications in astronomy and X-ray spectroscopy. Depending on the superconducting material and operation conditions, such detector may allow realizing background limited noise equivalent power 10−21 W Hz−1/2 in the terahertz range when exposed to 4-K background radiation or counting of 6-keV photon with almost 10—4 energy resolution. Planar layout and relatively simple technology favor integration of elementary detectors into a detector array. | ||||
| Address | Naples, Italy | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Boston, MA | Editor | Pekola, J.; Ruggiero, B.; Silvestrini, P. |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | 978-1-4615-0737-6 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | International Workshop on Superconducting Nano-Electronics Devices, May 28-June 1, 2001 | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | semenov2002superconducting | Serial | 1525 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Quantum-photonic integrated circuits | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | Proc. IWQO | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. IWQO |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 22-23 | ||
| Keywords | WSSPD, waveguide SSPD, SNSPD, quantum optics, integrated optics, superconducting nanowire single-photon detector | ||||
| Abstract | We show the design, a history of development as well as the most successful and promising approaches for QPICs realization based on hybrid nanophotonic-superconducting devices, where one of the key elements of such a circuit is a waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector (WSSPD). The potential of integration with fluorescent molecules is discussed also. | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1287 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kurochkin, V. L.; Zverev, A. V.; Kurochkin, Y. V.; Ryabtsev, I. I.; Neizvestnyi, I. G.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Larionov, P. A. | ||||
| Title | Long-distance fiber-optic quantum key distribution using superconducting detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Proc. Optoelectron. Instrum. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Optoelectron. Instrum. |
| Volume | 51 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 548-552 |
| Keywords | QKD, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | This paper presents the results of experimental studies on quantum key distribution in optical fiber using superconducting detectors. Key generation was obtained on an experimental setup based on a self-compensation optical circuit with an optical fiber length of 101.1 km. It was first shown that photon polarization encoding can be used for quantum key distribution in optical fiber over a distance in excess of 300 km. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 8756-6990 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1342 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Pentin, I. V.; Slivinskaya, E. V.; Tarkhov, M. A.; Gol’tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Single-photon detectors for the visible and infrared parts of the spectrum based on NbN nanostructures | Type | Abstract | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Proc. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symp. | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symp. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 863-864 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | The research by the group of Moscow State Pedagogical University into the hot-electron phenomena in thin superconducting films has led to the development of new types ofdetectors [1, 2] and their use both in fundamental and applied studies [3–6]. In this paper, wepresent the results of the development and fabrication of receiving systems for the visible andinfrared parts of the spectrum optimised for use in telecommunication systems and quantumcryptography. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Moscow, Russia | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ smirnovsession | Serial | 1050 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Korneev, A. A. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting NbN microstrip single-photon detectors | Type | Abstract | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
| Volume | 11771 | Issue | Pages | ||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors (SSPD) invented two decades ago have evolved to a mature technology and have become devices of choice in the advanced applications of quantum optics, such as quantum cryptography and optical quantum computing. In these applications SSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers and feature almost unity detection efficiency, negligible dark counts, picosecond timing jitter and MHz photon count rate. Meanwhile, there are great many applications requiring coupling to multi-mode fibers or free space. ‘Classical’ SSPDs with 100-nm-wide superconducting strip and covering area of about 100 µm2 are not suitable for further scaling due to degradation of performance and low fabrication yield. Recently we have demonstrated single-photon counting in micron-wide superconducting bridges and strips. Here we present our approach to the realization of practical photon-counting detectors of large enough area to be efficiently coupled to multi-mode fibers or free space. The detector is either a meander or a spiral of 1-µm-wide strip covering an area of 50x50 µm2. Being operated at 1.7K temperature it demonstrates the saturated detection efficiency (i.e. limited by the absorption in the detector) up to 1550 nm wavelength, about 10 ns dead time and timing jitter in range 50-100 ps. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Quantum Optics and Photon Counting; SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2021, Online Only | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1784 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zolotov, P.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Divochiy, A.; Morozov, P.; Seleznev, V.; Smirnov, K | ||||
| Title | Development of fast and high-effective single-photon detector for spectrum range up to 2.3 μm | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Proc. SPBOPEN | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 439-440 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present the results of development and testing of the single-photon-counting system operating in the wide spectrum rane up to 2.3 mcm. We managed to increase system detection efficiency up to 60% in the range of 1.7-2.3 mcm optimisation of the fabrication methods of superconducting single-photon detectors and application of the single-mode fiber with enlarged core diameter. | ||||
| Address | St. Petersburg, Russia | ||||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1255 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Lobanov, Yu; Shcherbatenko, M.; Korneev, A; Pernice, W.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detector for on-chip quantum and spectral photonic application | Type | Conference Volume | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Proc. SPBOPEN | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPBOPEN |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 421-422 | ||
| Keywords | waveguide, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | By adopting a travelling-wave geometry approach, integrated superconductor- nanophotonic devices were fabricated. The architecture consists of a superconducting NbN- nanowire atop of a silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) nanophotonic waveguide. NbN-nanowire was operated as a single-photon counting detector, with up to 92% on-chip detection efficiency (OCDE), in the coherent mode, serving as a highly sensitive IR heterodyne mixer with spectral resolution (f/df) greater than 10^6 in C-band at 1550 nm wavelength. | ||||
| Address | St. Petersburg, Russia | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Duplicated as 1140 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1256 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Ozhegov, R.; Elezov, M.; Kurochkin, Y.; Kurochkin, V.; Divochiy, A.; Kovalyuk, V.; Vachtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Quantum key distribution over 300 | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 9440 | Issue | Pages | 1F (1 to 9) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD applicatins, quantum key distribution, QKD | ||||
| Abstract | We discuss the possibility of polarization state reconstruction and measurement over 302 km by Superconducting Single- Photon Detectors (SSPDs). Because of the excellent characteristics and the possibility to be effectively coupled to singlemode optical fiber many applications of the SSPD have already been reported. The most impressive one is the quantum key distribution (QKD) over 250 km distance. This demonstration shows further possibilities for the improvement of the characteristics of quantum-cryptographic systems such as increasing the bit rate and the quantum channel length, and decreasing the quantum bit error rate (QBER). This improvement is possible because SSPDs have the best characteristics in comparison with other single-photon detectors. We have demonstrated the possibility of polarization state reconstruction and measurement over 302.5 km with superconducting single-photon detectors. The advantage of an autocompensating optical scheme, also known as “plugandplay” for quantum key distribution, is high stability in the presence of distortions along the line. To increase the distance of quantum key distribution with this optical scheme we implement the superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD). At the 5 MHz pulse repetition frequency and the average photon number equal to 0.4 we measured a 33 bit/s quantum key generation for a 101.7 km single mode ber quantum channel. The extremely low SSPD dark count rate allowed us to keep QBER at 1.6% level. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Orlikovsky, A. A. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | International Conference on Micro- and Nano-Electronics | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ ozhegov2014quantum | Serial | 1048 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Divochiy, A.; Antipov, A.; Kaurova, N.; Seleznev, V.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Ultrafast and high quantum efficiency large-area superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 6583 | Issue | Pages | 65830I (1 to 9) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting NbN films, infrared single-photon detectors | ||||
| Abstract | We present our latest generation of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) patterned from 4-nm-thick NbN films, as meander-shaped 0.5-mm-long and 100-nm-wide stripes. The SSPDs exhibit excellent performance parameters in the visible-to-near-infrared radiation wavelengths: quantum efficiency (QE) of our best devices approaches a saturation level of 30% even at 4.2 K (limited by the NbN film optical absorption) and dark counts as low as 2x10-4 Hz. The presented SSPDs were designed to maintain the QE of large-active-area devices, but, unless our earlier SSPDs, hampered by a significant kinetic inductance and a nanosecond response time, they are characterized by a low inductance and GHz counting rates. We have designed, simulated, and tested the structures consisting of several, connected in parallel, meander sections, each having a resistor connected in series. Such new, multi-element geometry led to a significant decrease of the device kinetic inductance without the decrease of its active area and QE. The presented improvement in the SSPD performance makes our detectors most attractive for high-speed quantum communications and quantum cryptography applications. | ||||
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| Publisher | Spie | Place of Publication | Editor | Dusek, M.; Hillery, M.S.; Schleich, W.P.; Prochazka, I.; Migdall, A.L.; Pauchard, A. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1249 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Voronov, B.; Goltsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Spectral sensitivity of narrow strip NbN superconducting single-photon detector | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 8072 | Issue | Pages | 80720G (1 to 9) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) is patterned from 4-nm-thick NbN film deposited on sapphire substrate as a 100-nm-wide strip. Due to its high detection efficiency, low dark counts, and picosecond timing jitter SSPD has become a competitor to the InGaAs avalanche photodiodes at 1550 nm and longer wavelengths. Although the SSPD is operated at liquid helium temperature its efficient single-mode fibre coupling enabled its usage in many applications ranging from single-photon sources research to quantum cryptography. In our strive to increase the detection efficiency at 1550 nm and longer wavelengths we developed and fabricated SSPD with the strip almost twice narrower compared to the standard 100 nm. To increase the voltage response of the device we utilized cascade switching mechanism: we connected 50-nm-wide and 10-μm-long strips in parallel covering the area of 10 μmx10 μm. Absorption of a photon breaks the superconductivity in a strip leading to the bias current redistribution between other strips followed their cascade switching. As the total current of all the strips about is 1 mA by the order of magnitude the response voltage of such an SSPD is several times higher compared to the traditional meander-shaped SSPDs. In middle infrared (about 3 μm wavelength) these devices have the detection efficiency several times higher compared to the traditional SSPDs. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Fiurásek, J.; Prochazka, I. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Photon Counting Applications, Quantum Optics, and Quantum Information Transfer and Processing III | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1387 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Ultrafast nanowire superconducting single-photon detector with photon number resolving capability | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 7236 | Issue | Pages | 72360D (1 to 11) | |
| Keywords | PNR NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single-photon detectors, photon number resolving detectors, ultrathin NbN films | ||||
| Abstract | In this paper we present a review of the state-of-the-art superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD), its characterization and applications. We also present here the next step in the development of SSPD, i.e. photon-number resolving SSPD which simultaneously features GHz counting rate. We have demonstrated resolution up to 4 photons with quantum efficiency of 2.5% and 300 ps response pulse duration providing very short dead time. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Arakawa, Y.; Sasaki, M.; Sotobayashi, H. | |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1403 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Smirnov, K. V.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Pentin, I. V.; Slivinskaya, E. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Fiber coupled single photon receivers based on superconducting detectors for quantum communications and quantum cryptography | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 7138 | Issue | Pages | 713827 (1 to 6) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single photon detector, ultra-thin superconducting films, optical fiber coupling, ready to use receiver | ||||
| Abstract | At present superconducting detectors become increasingly attractive for various practical applications. In this paper we present results on the depelopment of fiber coupled receiver systems for the registration of IR single photons, optimized for telecommunication and quantum-cryptography. These receiver systems were developed on the basis of superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD) of VIS and IR wavelength ranges. The core of the SSPD is a narrow ( 100 nm) and long ( 0,5 mm) strip in the form of a meander which is patterned from a 4-nm-thick NbN film (TC=10-11 K, jC= 5-7•106 A/cm2); the sensitive area dimensions are 10×10 μm2. The main problem to be solved while the receiver system development was optical coupling of a single-mode fiber (9 microns in diameter) with the SSPD sensitive area. Characteristics of the developed system at the optical input are as follows: quantum efficiency >10 % (at 1.3 μm), >4 % (at 1.55 μm); dark counts rate ≤1 s-1; duration of voltage pulse ≤5 ns; jitter ≤40 ps. The receiver systems have either one or two identical channels (for the case of carrying out correlation measurements) and are made as an insert in a helium storage Dewar. | ||||
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| Publisher | Spie | Place of Publication | Editor | Tománek, P.; Senderáková, D.; Hrabovský, M. | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1405 | |||
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| Author | Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Antipov, A.; Smirnov, K.; Morozov, D.; Korneev, A.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Registration of infrared single photons by a two-channel receiver based on fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 7009 | Issue | Pages | 70090V (1 to 8) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, single-photon detectors, superconductors, superconducting nanost | ||||
| Abstract | Single-photon detectors (SPDs) are the foundation of all quantum communications (QC) protocols. Among different classes of SPDs currently studied, NbN superconducting SPDs (SSPDs) are established as the best devices for ultrafast counting of single photons in the infrared (IR) wavelength range. The SSPDs are nanostructured, 100 μm2 in total area, superconducting meanders, patterned by electron lithography in ultra-thin NbN films. Their operation has been explained within a phenomenological hot-electron photoresponse model. We present the design and performance of a novel, two-channel SPD receiver, based on two fiber-coupled NbN SSPDs. The receivers have been developed for fiber-based QC systems, operational at 1.3 μm and 1.55 μm telecommunication wavelengths. They operate in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 2 K, in which the NbN SSPDs exhibit their best performance. The receiver unit has been designed as a cryostat insert, placed inside a standard liquid-heliumstorage dewar. The input of the receiver consists of a pair of single-mode optical fibers, equipped with the standard FC connectors and kept at room temperature. Coupling between the SSPD and the fiber is achieved using a specially designed, precise micromechanical holder that places the fiber directly on top of the SSPD nanostructure. Our receivers achieve the quantum efficiency of up to 7% for near-IR photons, with the coupling efficiency of about 30%. The response time was measured to be < 1.5 ns and it was limited by our read-out electronics. The jitter of fiber-coupled SSPDs is < 35 ps and their dark-count rate is below 1s-1. The presented performance parameters show that our single-photon receivers are fully applicable for quantum correlation-type QC systems, including practical quantum cryptography. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Sukhoivanov, I.A.; Svich, V.A.; Shmaliy, Y.S. | |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1413 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Gorska, M.; Rieger, E.; Dorenbos, P.; Zwiller, V.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Antipov, A.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Komissarov, I.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Fiber-coupled NbN superconducting single-photon detectors for quantum correlation measurements | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 6583 | Issue | Pages | 65830J (1 to 11) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single-photon detectors, single-photon detectors, fiber-coupled optical detectors, quantum correlations, superconducting devices | ||||
| Abstract | We have fabricated fiber-coupled superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), designed for quantum-correlationtype experiments. The SSPDs are nanostructured ( 100-nm wide and 4-nm thick) NbN superconducting meandering stripes, operated in the 2 to 4.2 K temperature range, and known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible to nearinfrared photons with almost negligible dark counts. Our latest devices are pigtailed structures with coupling between the SSPD structure and a single-mode optical fiber achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the meander. The above arrangement withstands repetitive thermal cycling between liquid helium and room temperature, and we can reach the coupling efficiency of up to 33%. The system quantum efficiency, measured as the ratio of the photons counted by SSPD to the total number of photons coupled into the fiber, in our early devices was found to be around 0.3 % and 1% for 1.55 &mgr;m and 0.9 &mgr;m photon wavelengths, respectively. The photon counting rate exceeded 250 MHz. The receiver with two SSPDs, each individually biased, was placed inside a transport, 60-liter liquid helium Dewar, assuring uninterrupted operation for over 2 months. Since the receiver’s optical and electrical connections are at room temperature, the set-up is suitable for any applications, where single-photon counting capability and fast count rates are desired. In our case, it was implemented for photon correlation experiments. The receiver response time, measured as a second-order photon cross-correlation function, was found to be below 400 ps, with timing jitter of less than 40 ps. | ||||
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| Publisher | Spie | Place of Publication | Editor | Dusek, M.; Hillery, M.S.; Schleich, W.P.; Prochazka, I.; Migdall, A.L.; Pauchard, A. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Photon Counting Applications, Quantum Optics, and Quantum Cryptography | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1431 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Slepneva, S.; Seleznev, V.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Slysz, W.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting nanostructured detectors capable of single photon counting of mid-infrared optical radiation | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 5957 | Issue | Pages | 59570A (1 to 9) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, single-photon detectors, superconductors, superconducting | ||||
| Abstract | We report on our progress in research and development of ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) based on ultrathin NbN nanostructures. Our SSPDs were made of the 4-nm-thick NbN films with Tc 11 K, patterned as meander-shaped, 100-nm-wide strips, and covering an area of 10×10 μm2. The detectors exploit a combined detection mechanism, where upon a single-photon absorption, a hotspot of excited electrons and redistribution of the biasing supercurrent, jointly produce a picosecond voltage transient signal across the superconducting nanostripe. The SSPDs are typically operated at 4.2 K, but their sensitivity in the infrared radiation range can be significantly improved by lowering the operating temperature from 4.2 K to 2 K. When operated at 2 K, the SSPD quantum efficiency (QE) for visible light photons reaches 30-40%, which is the saturation value limited by the optical absorption of our 4-nm-thick NbN film. With the wavelength increase of the incident photons,the QE of SSPDs decreases significantly, but even at the wavelength of 6 μm, the detector is able to count single photons and exhibits QE of about 10-2 %. The dark (false) count rate at 2 K is as low as 2x10-4 s,-1 which makes our detector essentially a background-limited sensor. The very low dark-count rate results in a noise equivalent power (NEP) below 10-18 WHz-1/2 for the mid-infrared range (6 μm). Further improvement of the SSPD performance in the mid-infrared range can be obtained by substituting NbN for another, lower-Tc materials with a narrow superconducting gap and low quasiparticles diffusivity. The use of such superconductors should shift the cutoff wavelength below 10 μm. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Rogalski, A.; Dereniak, E.L.; Sizov, F.F. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Infrared Photoelectronics | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1458 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Latta, C.; Zwiller, V.; Pearlman, A.; Cross, A.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Verevkin, A.; Currie, M.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Fiber-coupled quantum-communications receiver based on two NbN superconducting single-photon detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 5957 | Issue | Pages | 59571K (1 to 10) | |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, single-photon detectors, quantum communication, quantum cryptography, superconductors, infrared optical detectors | ||||
| Abstract | We present the design and performance of a novel, two-channel single-photon receiver, based on two fiber-coupled NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). The SSPDs are nanostructured superconducting meanders covering an area of 100 μm2 and are known for ultrafast and efficient counting of single, visible-to-infrared photons. Their operation has been explained within a phenomenological hot-electron photoresponse model. Our receiver is intended for fiber-based quantum cryptography and communication systems, operational at near-infrared (NIR) telecommunication wavelengths, λ = 1.3 μm and λ = 1.55 μm. Coupling between the NbN detector and a single-mode optical fiber was achieved using a specially designed, micromechanical photoresist ring, positioned directly over the SSPD active area. The positioning accuracy of the ring was below 1 μm. The receiver with SSPDs was placed (immersed) in a standard liquid-helium transport Dewar and kept without interruption for over two months at 4.2 K. At the same time, the optical fiber inputs and electrical outputs were kept at room temperature. Our best system reached a system quantum efficiency of up to 0.3 % in the NIR radiation range, with the detector coupling efficiency of about 30 %. The response time was measured to be about 250 ps and was limited by our read-out electronics. The measured jitter was close to 35 ps. The presented performance parameters show that our NIR single photon detectors are suitable for practical quantum cryptography and for applications in quantum-correlation experiments. | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Rogalski, A.; Dereniak, E.L.; Sizov, F.F. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Infrared Photoelectronics | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1459 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Goltsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Lipatov, A. P.; Pearlman, A. J.; Cross, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A. A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Advanced nanostructured optical NbN single-photon detector operated at 2.0 K | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 5732 | Issue | Pages | 520-529 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our studies on quantum efficiency (QE), dark counts, and noise equivalent power (NEP) of the latest generation of nanostructured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) operated at 2.0 K. Our SSPDs are based on 4 nm-thick NbN films, patterned by electron beam lithography as highly-uniform 100÷120-nm-wide meander-shaped stripes, covering the total area of 10x10 μm2 with the meander filling factor of 0.7. Advances in the fabrication process and low-temperature operation lead to QE as high as 30-40% for visible-light photons (0.56 μm wavelength)-the saturation value, limited by optical absorption of the NbN film. For 1.55 μm photons, QE was 20% and decreased exponentially with the wavelength reaching 0.02% at the 5-μm wavelength. Being operated at 2.0-K temperature the SSPDs revealed an exponential decrease of the dark count rate, what along with the high QE, resulted in the NEP as low as 5x10-21 W/Hz-1/2, the lowest value ever reported for near-infrared optical detectors. The SSPD counting rate was measured to be above 1 GHz with the pulse-to-pulse jitter below 20 ps. Our nanostructured NbN SSPDs operated at 2.0 K significantly outperform their semiconducting counterparts and find practical applications ranging from noninvasive testing of CMOS VLSI integrated circuits to ultrafast quantum communications and quantum cryptography. | ||||
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| Publisher | Spie | Place of Publication | Editor | Razeghi, M.; Brown, G.J. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Quantum Sensing and Nanophotonic Devices II | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1478 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Sobolewski, R.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smirnov, K.; Kouminov, P.; Voronov, B.; Kaurova, N.; Drakinsky, V.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Ultrafast superconducting single-photon optical detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 5123 | Issue | Pages | 1-11 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present a new class of single-photon devices for counting of both visible and infrared photons. Our superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are characterized by the intrinsic quantum efficiency (QE) reaching up to 100%, above 10 GHz counting rate, and negligible dark counts. The detection mechanism is based on the photon-induced hotspot formation and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconducting stripe. The devices are fabricated from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films and operate at 4.2 K, well below the NbN superconducting transition temperature. Various continuous and pulsed laser sources in the wavelength range from 0.4 μm up to >3 μm were implemented in our experiments, enabling us to determine the detector QE in the photon-counting mode, response time, and jitter. For our best 3.5-nm-thick, 10×10 μm2-area devices, QE was found to reach almost 100% for any wavelength shorter than about 800 nm. For longer-wavelength (infrared) radiation, QE decreased exponentially with the photon wavelength increase. Time-resolved measurements of our SSPDs showed that the system-limited detector response pulse width was below 150 ps. The system jitter was measured to be 35 ps. In terms of the counting rate, jitter, and dark counts, the NbN SSPDs significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. Already identifeid and implemented applications of our devices range from noninvasive testing of semiconductor VLSI circuits to free-space quantum communications and quantum cryptography. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Spigulis, J.; Teteris, J.; Ozolinsh, M.; Lusis, A. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Advanced Optical Devices, Technologies, and Medical Applications | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1513 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A. A.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, R.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Kouminov, P.; Drakinskij, V.; Smirnov, K.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.; Currie, M. | ||||
| Title | Ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors for infrared wavelength quantum communications | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 5105 | Issue | Pages | 160-170 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications, single-photon detector, quantum cryptography, quantum communications, superconducting devices | ||||
| Abstract | We have developed a new class of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for ultrafast counting of infrared (IR) photons for secure quantum communications. The devices are operated on the quantum detection mechanism, based on the photon-induced hotspot formation and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconducting stripe. The detectors are fabricated from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films and they operate at 4.2 K inside a closed-cycle refrigerator or liquid helium cryostat. Various continuous and pulsed laser sources have been used in our experiments, enabling us to determine the detector experimental quantum efficiency (QE) in the photon-counting mode, response time, time jitter, and dark counts. Our 3.5-nm-thick SSPDs reached QE above 15% for visible light photons and 5% at 1.3 – 1.5 μm infrared range. The measured real-time counting rate was above 2 GHz and was limited by the read-out electronics (intrinsic response time is <30 ps). The measured jitter was <18 ps, and the dark counting rate was <0.01 per second. The measured noise equivalent power (NEP) is 2 x 10-18 W/Hz1/2 at λ = 1.3 μm. In near-infrared range, in terms of the counting rate, jitter, dark counts, and overall sensitivity, the NbN SSPDs significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. An ultrafast quantum cryptography communication technology based on SSPDs is proposed and discussed. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Donkor, E.; Pirich, A.R.; Brandt, H.E. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Quantum Information and Computation | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1514 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A. A.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, R.; Lipatov, A. P.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Gol’tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting single-photon detectors for GHz-rate free-space quantum communications | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 4821 | Issue | Pages | 447-454 | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, single-photon detector, thin-film superconductivity, quantum cryptography, ultrafast communications | ||||
| Abstract | We report our studies on the performance of new NbN ultrathin-film superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). Our SSPDs exhibit experimentally measured quantum efficiencies from 5% at wavelength λ = 1550 nm up to 10% at λ = 405 nm, with exponential, activation-energy-type spectral sensitivity dependence in the 0.4-μm – 3-μm wavelength range. Using a variable optical delay setup, we have shown that our NbN SSPDs can resolve optical photons with a counting rate up to 10 GHz, presently limited by the read-out electronics. The measured device jitter was below 35 ps under optimum biasing conditions. The extremely high photon counting rate, together with relatively high (especially for λ > 1 μm) quantum efficiency, low jitter, and very low dark counts, make NbN SSPDs very promising for free-space communications and quantum cryptography. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Ricklin, J.C.; Voelz, D.G. | |
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | Free-Space Laser Communication and Laser Imaging II | ||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1523 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Zhang, J.; Verevkin, A.; Slysz, W.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, Roman | ||||
| Title | Time-resolved characterization of NbN superconducting single-photon optical detectors | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Proc. SPIE | Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
| Volume | 10313 | Issue | Pages | 103130F (1 to 3) | |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are very promising devices for their picosecond response time, high intrinsic quantum efficiency, and high signal-to-noise ratio within the radiation wavelength from ultraviolet to near infrared (0.4 gm to 3 gm) [1-3]. The single photon counting property of NbN SSPDs have been investigated thoroughly and a model of hotspot formation has been introduced to explain the physics of the photon- counting mechanism [4-6]. At high incident flux density (many-photon pulses), there are, of course, a large number of hotspots simultaneously formed in the superconducting stripe. If these hotspots overlap with each other across the width w of the stripe, a resistive barrier is formed instantly and a voltage signal can be generated. We assume here that the stripe thickness d is less than the electron diffusion length, so the hotspot region can be considered uniform. On the other hand, when the photon flux is so low that on average only one hotspot is formed across w at a given time, the formation of the resistive barrier will be realized only when the supercurrent at sidewalks surpasses the critical current (jr) of the superconducting stripe [1]. In the latter situation, the formation of the resistive barrier is associated with the phase-slip center (PSC) development. The effect of PSCs on the suppression of superconductivity in nanowires has been discussed very recently [8, 9] and is the subject of great interest. | ||||
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| Publisher | SPIE | Place of Publication | Editor | Armitage, J. C. | |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | Opto-Canada: SPIE Regional Meeting on Optoelectronics, Photonics, and Imaging, 2002, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada | ||
| Notes | Downloaded from http://www2.ece.rochester.edu/projects/ufqp/PDF/2002/213NbNTimeOPTO_b.pdf This artcle was published in 2017 with only first author indicated (Zhang, J.). There were 8 more authors! | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1750 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Gol'tsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Ultimate sensitivity of superconducting single-photon detectors in the visible to infrared range | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | ResearchGate | Abbreviated Journal |
ResearchGate |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our quantum efficiency (QE) and noise equivalent power (NEP) measurements of the meandertype ultrathin NbN superconducting single-photon detector in the visible to infrared radiation range. The nanostructured devices with 3.5-nm film thickness demonstrate QE up to~ 10% at 1.3–1.55 µm wavelength, and up to 20% in the entire visible range. The detectors are sensitive to infrared radiation with the wavelengths down to~ 10 µm. NEP of about 2× 10-18 W/Hz1/2 was obtained at 1.3 µm wavelength. Such high sensitivity together with GHz-range counting speed, make NbN photon counters very promising for efficient, ultrafast quantum communications and another applications. We discuss the origin of dark counts in our devices and their ultimate sensitivity in terms of the resistive fluctuations in our superconducting nanostructured devices. | ||||
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| Notes | Not attributed to any publisher! File name: PR9VervekinSfin_f.doc; Author: JAOLEARY; Last modification date: 2004-02-26 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1751 | |||
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| Author | Shcheslavskiy, V.; Morozov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Smirnov, K.; Becker, W. | ||||
| Title | Erratum: “Ultrafast time measurements by time-correlated single photon counting coupled with superconducting single photon detector” [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 87, 053117 (2016)] | Type | Miscellaneous | ||
| Year | 2016 | Publication | Rev. Sci. Instrum. | Abbreviated Journal |
Rev. Sci. Instrum. |
| Volume | 87 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 069901 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, TCSPC, jitter | ||||
| Abstract | In the original paper1the Ref. 10 should be M. Sanzaro, N. Calandri, A. Ruggeri, C. Scarcella, G. Boso, M. Buttafava, and A. Tosi, Proc. SPIE9370, 93701T (2015). | ||||
| Address | Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, Berlin 12277, Germany | ||||
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| ISSN | 0034-6748 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:27370512 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1810 | |||
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| Author | Korneev, A. A.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Larionov, P. A.; Manova, N. N.; Florya, I. N.; Trifonov, A. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Smirnov, K. V.; Semenov, A. V.; Chulkova, G. M.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | IR single-photon receiver based on ultrathin NbN superconducting film | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Rus. J. Radio Electron. | Abbreviated Journal |
Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
| Volume | Issue | 5 | Pages | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our recent results in research and development of superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD). We achieved the following performance improvement: first, we developed and characterized SSPD integrated in optical cavity and enabling its illumination from the face side, not through the substrate, second, we improved the quantum efficiency of the SSPD at around 3 μm wavelength by reduction of the strip width to 40 nm, and, finally, we improved the detection efficiency of the SSPD-based single-photon receiver system up to 20% at 1550 nm and extended its wavelength range beyond 1800 nm by the usage of the fluoride ZBLAN fibres. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Notes | 8 pages | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ korneevir | Serial | 1043 | ||
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| Author | Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Semenov, A.; Shcherbatenko, M.; Lobanov, Y.; Ozhegov, R.; Korneev, A.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Pernice, W.; Gol'tsman, G. | ||||
| Title | On-chip coherent detection with quantum limited sensitivity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Sci Rep | Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 4812 |
| Keywords | waveguide, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | While single photon detectors provide superior intensity sensitivity, spectral resolution is usually lost after the detection event. Yet for applications in low signal infrared spectroscopy recovering information about the photon's frequency contributions is essential. Here we use highly efficient waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detectors for on-chip coherent detection. In a single nanophotonic device, we demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 86% on-chip detection efficiency, as well as heterodyne coherent detection with spectral resolution f/f exceeding 10(11). By mixing a local oscillator with the single photon signal field, we observe frequency modulation at the intermediate frequency with ultra-low local oscillator power in the femto-Watt range. By optimizing the nanowire geometry and the working parameters of the detection scheme, we reach quantum-limited sensitivity. Our approach enables to realize matrix integrated heterodyne nanophotonic devices in the C-band wavelength range, for classical and quantum optics applications where single-photon counting as well as high spectral resolution are required simultaneously. | ||||
| Address | National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 101000, Russia. ggoltsman@hse.ru | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:28684752; PMCID:PMC5500578 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ kovalyuk @ | Serial | 1129 | ||
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| Author | Murphy, A.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Gol'tsman, G.; Bezryadin, A. | ||||
| Title | Three temperature regimes in superconducting photon detectors: quantum, thermal and multiple phase-slips as generators of dark counts | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Sci. Rep. | Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Rep. |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | Pages | 10174 (1 to 10) | |
| Keywords | SPD, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We perform measurements of the switching current distributions of three w approximately 120 nm wide, 4 nm thick NbN superconducting strips which are used for single-photon detectors. These strips are much wider than the diameter of the vortex cores, so they are classified as quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D). We discover evidence of macroscopic quantum tunneling by observing the saturation of the standard deviation of the switching distributions at temperatures around 2 K. We analyze our results using the Kurkijarvi-Garg model and find that the escape temperature also saturates at low temperatures, confirming that at sufficiently low temperatures, macroscopic quantum tunneling is possible in quasi-2D strips and can contribute to dark counts observed in single photon detectors. At the highest temperatures the system enters a multiple phase-slip regime. In this range single phase-slips are unable to produce dark counts and the fluctuations in the switching current are reduced. | ||||
| Address | Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:25988591; PMCID:PMC4437302 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1344 | |||
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| Author | Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Minaeva, O.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting NbN-nanowire single-photon detectors capable of photon number resolving | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | Supercond. News Forum | Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. News Forum |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | |||
| Keywords | PNR SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We present our latest generation of ultra-fast superconducting NbN single-photon detectors (SSPD) capable of photon-number resolving (PNR). The novel SSPDs combine 10 μm x 10 μm active area with low kinetic inductance and PNR capability. That resulted in significantly reduced photoresponse pulse duration, allowing for GHz counting rates. The detector’s response magnitude is directly proportional to the number of incident photons, which makes this feature easy to use. We present experimental data on the performance of the PNR SSPDs. These detectors are perfectly suited for fibreless free-space telecommunications, as well as for ultra-fast quantum cryptography and quantum computing. | ||||
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| Notes | Reference No. ST34, paper # 012307, eventually not pulished (skipped) at https://iopscience.iop.org/issue/0953-2048/21/1 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ korneevsuperconducting | Serial | 1046 | ||
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| Author | Korneeva, Y. P.; Mikhailov, M. Y.; Pershin, Y. P.; Manova, N. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Sivakov, A. G.; Devizenko, A. Y.; Goltsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting single-photon detector made of MoSi film | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Supercond. Sci. Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume | 27 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 095012 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We fabricated and characterized nanowire superconducting single-photon detectors made of 4 nm thick amorphous Mox Si1−x films. At 1.7 K the best devices exhibit a detection efficiency (DE) up to 18% at 1.2 $\mu {\rm m}$ wavelength of unpolarized light, a characteristic response time of about 6 ns and timing jitter of 120 ps. The DE was studied in wavelength range from 650 nm to 2500 nm. At wavelengths below 1200 nm these detectors reach their maximum DE limited by photon absorption in the thin MoSi film. | ||||
| Address | |||||
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| Publisher | IOP Publishing | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0953-2048 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ korneeva2014superconducting | Serial | 1044 | ||
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| Author | Smirnov, K.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Zolotov, P.; Antipov, A.; Seleznev, V. | ||||
| Title | NbN single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Supercond. Sci. Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume | 31 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 035011 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | The possibility of creating NbN superconducting single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current was investigated. It was shown that the saturation increases for the detectors based on finer films with a lower value of Rs300/Rs20. The decreasing of Rs300/Rs20 was related to the increasing influence of quantum corrections to conductivity of superconductors and, in turn, to the decrease of the electron diffusion coefficient. The best samples have a constant value of system QE 94% at Ib/Ic ~ 0.8 and wavelength 1310 nm. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0953-2048 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1232 | |||
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| Author | Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | An ultrafast NbN hot-electron single-photon detector for electronic applications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Supercond. Sci. Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 1689-1692 |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE, jitter, dark counts | ||||
| Abstract | We present the latest generation of our superconducting single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to mid-infrared optical radiation wavelengths. The detector combines a high speed of operation and low jitter with high quantum efficiency (QE) and very low dark count level. The technology enhancement allows us to produce ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) structures that demonstrate QE hundreds of times better, at 1.55 μm, than previous 10 nm thick SPDs. The best, 10 × 10 μm2, SPDs demonstrate QE up to 5% at 1.55 μm and up to 11% at 0.86 μm. The intrinsic detector QE, normalized to the film absorption coefficient, reaches 100% at bias currents above 0.9 Ic for photons with wavelengths shorter than 1.3 μm. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0953-2048 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1533 | |||
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| Author | Il'in, K. S.; Verevkin, A. A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, R. | ||||
| Title | Infrared hot-electron NbN superconducting photodetectors for imaging applications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1999 | Publication | Supercond. Sci. Technol. | Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume | 12 | Issue | 11 | Pages | 755-758 |
| Keywords | NbN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | We report an effective quantum efficiency of 340, responsivity >200 A W-1 (>104 V W-1) and response time of 27±5 ps at temperatures close to the superconducting transition for NbN superconducting hot-electron photodetectors (HEPs) in the near-infrared and optical ranges. Our studies were performed on a few nm thick NbN films deposited on sapphire substrates and patterned into µm-size multibridge detector structures, incorporated into a coplanar transmission line. The time-resolved photoresponse was studied by means of subpicosecond electro-optic sampling with 100 fs wide laser pulses. The quantum efficiency and responsivity studies of our photodetectors were conducted using an amplitude-modulated infrared beam, fibre-optically coupled to the device. The observed picosecond response time and the very high efficiency and sensitivity of the NbN HEPs make them an excellent choice for infrared imaging photodetectors and input optical-to-electrical transducers for superconducting digital circuits. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0953-2048 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 1562 | |||
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| Author | Manova, N. N.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Slysz, W.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. | ||||
| Title | Superconducting NbN single-photon detector integrated with quarter-wave resonator | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Tech. Phys. Lett. | Abbreviated Journal |
Tech. Phys. Lett. |
| Volume | 37 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 469-471 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | The spectral dependence of the quantum efficiency of superconducting NbN single-photon detectors integrated with quarter-wave resonators based on Si3N4, SiO2, and SiO layers has been studied. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ gujma @ | Serial | 664 | ||
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| Author | Смирнов, Константин Владимирович; Вахтомин, Юрий Борисович; Смирнов, Андрей Владимирович; Ожегов, Роман Викторович; Пентин, Иван Викторович; Дивочий, Александр Валерьевич; Сливинская, Елизавета Вячеславовна; Гольцман, Григорий Наумович | ||||
| Title | Приемники терагерцового и инфракрасного диапазонов, основанные на тонкопленочных сверхпроводниковых наноструктурах | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2010 | Publication | Вестник НГУ. Серия: Физика | Abbreviated Journal |
Вестник НГУ. Серия: Физика |
| Volume | 5 | Issue | 4 | Pages | |
| Keywords | HEB, SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | В работе представлены результаты разработки и создания чувствительных и ультрабыстрых приемников, основанных на тонкопленочных сверхпроводниковых наноструктурах: болометрах на эффекте электронного разогрева (HEB – hot-electron bolometer) и детекторах одиночных фотонов видимого и инфракрасного диапазонов волн (SSPD – superconducting singe-photon detector). Представлены основные принципы работы сверхпроводниковых устройств, технология создания и конструкционные особенности приемников, их основные типы и характеристики. Достигнутые рекордные значения параметров приемных систем позволяют использовать созданные приборы при решении различных научно-исследовательских задач в ближнем, среднем и дальнем ИК диапазонах волн. This work presents the results of the development and fabrication of sensitive and ultrafast detectorsbased on thin film superconducting nanostructures: hot-electron bolometers (HEBs) and visible and infrared superconducting singe photon detectors (SSPDs). The main operational principles of the superconducting devices are presentedas well as the technology of fabrication of the detectors and their main types and parameters. The achieved record parameters of the detectors allow application of the fabricated devices to solution of various research problems in the near, middle and far IR ranges. |
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| Publisher | Новосибирский государственный университет | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Физика | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1818-7994 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | УДК 538.9 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ смирнов2010приемники | Serial | 1033 | ||
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| Author | Чулкова, Г. М.; Семёнов, А. В.; Дивочий, А. В.; Тархов, М. А. | ||||
| Title | Сверхпроводниковый однофотонный детектор с разрешением числа фотонов для систем дальней телекоммуникационной связи | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Ж. радиоэлектрон. | Abbreviated Journal |
Ж. радиоэлектрон. |
| Volume | Issue | 12 | Pages | 1-6 | |
| Keywords | PNR SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Рассмотрена возможность применения сверхпроводникового однофотонного детектора, разрешающего число фотонов, в качестве датчика приёмных модулей телекоммуникационных линий. Показано, что для достижения доли ошибочных битов на уровне 10-11 достаточно на два порядка меньшей мощности в оптическом импульсе, чем при использовании существующих приёмных модулей. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ чулковасверхпроводниковый | Serial | 1031 | ||
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| Author | Елезов, М. С.; Корнеев, А. А; Дивочий, А. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Сверхпроводящие однофотонные детекторы с разрешением числа фотонов | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Науч. сессия МИФИ | Abbreviated Journal |
Науч. сессия МИФИ |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 47-58 | ||
| Keywords | PNR SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | 978-5-7262-1042-1 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | УДК 533.14(06)+004.056(06) Фотоника и информационная оптика | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ sasha @ елезов2009сверхпроводящие | Serial | 1029 | ||
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| Author | Мошкова, М. А.; Дивочий, А. В.; Морозов, П. В.; Золотов, Ф. И.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Смирнов, К. В. | ||||
| Title | Высокоэффективные NBN однофотонные детекторы с разрешением числа фотонов | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. | Abbreviated Journal |
Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 400-401 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Разработаны и исследованы сверхпроводниковые однофотонные детекторы, способные к разрешению до 3-х фотонов в коротком импульсе излучения и имеющие квантовую эффективность детектирования одиночных фотонов ~60% на длине волны lambda=1.55 мкм. Проведенная модернизация технологии изготовления детекторов, позволила получить приемные устройства с мультифотонной квантовой эффективностью, приближающейся к расчетным значениям. | ||||
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| Language | Russian | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-5-7262-2445-9 | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | УДК 535(06)+004(06) | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1250 | |||
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| Author | Симонов, Н. О.; Флоря, И. Н.; Корнеева, Ю. П.; Корнеев, А. А.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Однофотонный отклик в тонких сверхпроводящих MoNx пленках | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. | Abbreviated Journal |
Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 408-409 | ||
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Продемонстрирован однофотонный отклик, при токе близком к критическому, в MoNx сверхпроводящих полосках шириной 70-104 нм. MoNx детекторы, имеющие коэффициент диффузии D≈0.32 см2/с и время электрон-фононного взаимодействия ηe-ph≈300 пс, достигают квантовой эффективности QE≈20% на длине волны λ=1550 нм. Возможность реализации однофотонного детектора в данном материале, подтверждает существующую теорию вихревого механизма возникновения фотоотклика в узких сверхпроводящих полосках. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-5-7262-2445-9 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | УДК 535(06)+004(06) | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1251 | |||
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| Author | Золотов, Ф. И.; Дивочий, А. В.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Пентин, И. В.; Морозов, П. В.; Селезнев, В. А.; Смирнов, К. В. | ||||
| Title | Применение тонких сверхпроводниковых пленок нитрида ванадия для изготовления счетчиков одиночных ИК-фотонов | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. | Abbreviated Journal |
Сборн. науч. труд. VII международн. конф. по фотонике и информац. опт. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 60-61 | ||
| Keywords | VN SSPD, SNSPD | ||||
| Abstract | Получены первые результаты по применению сверхпроводниковых пленок нитрида ванадия (VN) для детекторов одиночных фотонов ИК-диапазона. Изучение сверхпроводниковых однофотонных детекторов (SSPD), изготовленных на основе ультратонких (~5 нм) пленок VN, показало возможность создания устройств с близкой к насыщению зависимостью квантовой эффективности от тока смещения детекторов в телекоммуникационном диапазоне длин волн. Также нами были исследованы кинетическая индуктивность изготовленных структур с различной длиной сверхпроводниковой полоски и времена релаксации электронов в тонких сверхпроводниковых пленках VN. | ||||
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-5-7262-2445-9 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | УДК 535(06)+004(06) | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1252 | |||
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| Author | Пентин, И. В.; Смирнов, К. В.; Вахтомин, Ю. Б.; Смирнов, А. В.; Ожегов, Р. В.; Дивочий, А. В.; Гольцман, Г. Н. | ||||
| Title | Быстродействующий терагерцевый приемник и инфракрасный счетчик одиночных фотонов на эффекте разогрева электронов в сверхпроводниковых тонкопленочных наноструктурах | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | Труды МФТИ | Abbreviated Journal |
Труды МФТИ |
| Volume | 3 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 38-42 |
| Keywords | SSPD, SNSPD, HEB | ||||
| Abstract | Представлены результаты создания приемных систем терагерцевого диапазона (0.3-70 ТГц), обладающих рекордным быстродействием (50 пс) и высокой чувствительностью (до 5x 10^(-14) Вт/Гц^(1/2)), а также однофотонных приемных систем ближнего инфракрасного диапазона с квантовой эффективностью 25 %, уровнем темнового счета 10-1c., максимальной скоростью счета ~ 100 МГц и временным разрешением до 50 пс. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | RPLAB @ gujma @ | Serial | 707 | ||
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