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Author Smith, Devin H.; Gillett, Geoff; de Almeida, Marcelo P.; Branciard, Cyril; Fedrizzi, Alessandro; Weinhold, Till J.; Lita, Adriana; Calkins, Brice; Gerrits, Thomas; Wiseman, Howard M.; Nam, Sae Woo; White, Andrew G. openurl 
  Title Conclusive quantum steering with superconducting transition-edge sensors Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 3 Issue 625 Pages 6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Quantum steering allows two parties to verify shared entanglement even if one measurement device is untrusted. A conclusive demonstration of steering through the violation of a steering inequality is of considerable fundamental interest and opens up applications in quantum communication. To date, all experimental tests with single-photon states have relied on post selection, allowing untrusted devices to cheat by hiding unfavourable events in losses. Here we close this 'detection loophole' by combining a highly efficient source of entangled photon pairs with superconducting transition-edge sensors. We achieve an unprecedented ~62% conditional detection efficiency of entangled photons and violate a steering inequality with the minimal number of measurement settings by 48 s.d.s. Our results provide a clear path to practical applications of steering and to a photonic loophole-free Bell test.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 768  
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Author Zhang, Qiang; Goebel, Alexander; Wagenknecht, Claudia; Chen, Yu-Ao; Zhao, Bo; Yang, Tao; Mair, Alois; Schmiedmayer, Jörg; Pan, Jian-Wei openurl 
  Title Experimental quantum teleportation of a two-qubit composite system Type Journal Article
  Year 2006 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.  
  Volume 2 Issue 10 Pages 678-682  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS; quantum teleportation  
  Abstract (up) Quantum teleportation, a way to transfer the state of a quantum system from one location to another, is central to quantum communication and plays an important role in a number of quantum computation protocols. Previous experimental demonstrations have been implemented with single photonic or ionic qubits. However, teleportation of single qubits is insufficient for a large-scale realization of quantum communication and computation. Here, we present the experimental realization of quantum teleportation of a two-qubit composite system. In the experiment, we develop and exploit a six-photon interferometer to teleport an arbitrary polarization state of two photons. The observed teleportation fidelities for different initial states are all well beyond the state estimation limit of 0.40 for a two-qubit system. Not only does our six-photon interferometer provide an important step towards teleportation of a complex system, it will also enable future experimental investigations on a number of fundamental quantum communication and computation protocols  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 795  
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Author Tassin, Philippe; Koschny, Thomas; Kafesaki, Maria; Soukoulis, Costas M. openurl 
  Title A comparison of graphene, superconductors and metals as conductors for metamaterials and plasmonics Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 259-264  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Recent advancements in metamaterials and plasmonics have promised a number of exciting applications, in particular at terahertz and optical frequencies. Unfortunately, the noble metals used in these photonic structures are not particularly good conductors at high frequencies, resulting in significant dissipative loss. Here, we address the question of what is a good conductor for metamaterials and plasmonics. For resonant metamaterials, we develop a figure-of-merit for conductors that allows for a straightforward classification of conducting materials according to the resulting dissipative loss in the metamaterial. Application of our method predicts that graphene and high-Tc superconductors are not viable alternatives for metals in metamaterials. We also provide an overview of a number of transition metals, alkali metals and transparent conducting oxides. For plasmonic systems, we predict that graphene and high-Tc superconductors cannot outperform gold as a platform for surface plasmon polaritons, because graphene has a smaller propagation length-to-wavelength ratio.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 790  
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Author Xu, XinAn; Wong, Chee Wei openurl 
  Title Quantum optics: Correlations on a chip Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 6 Issue Pages 75-76  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Researchers have developed a semiconductor structure capable of supporting quantum correlations between photons and strong single-photon nonlinearities, thus paving the way for the development of chip-based devices for quantum secure communications and quantum information processing.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 782  
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Author Gao, Jie; McMillan, James F.; Wong, Chee Wei openurl 
  Title Nanophotonics: Remote on-chip coupling Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 6 Issue 1 Pages 7-8  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Scientists have demonstrated strongly coupled photon states between two distant high-Q photonic crystal cavities connected by a photonic crystal waveguide. Remote dynamic control over the coupled states could aid the development of delay lines, optical buffers and qubit operations in both classical and quantum information processing.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 779  
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Author Ghali, Mohsen; Ohtani1, Keita; Ohno, Yuzo; Ohno, Hideo openurl 
  Title Generation and control of polarization-entangled photons from GaAs island quantum dots by an electric field Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 3 Issue 661 Pages 6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Semiconductor quantum dots are potential sources for generating polarization-entangled photons efficiently. The main prerequisite for such generation based on biexciton-exciton cascaded emission is to control the exciton fine-structure splitting. Among various techniques investigated for this purpose, an electric field is a promising means to facilitate the integration into optoelectronic devices. Here we demonstrate the generation of polarization-entangled photons from single GaAs quantum dots by an electric field. In contrast to previous studies, which were limited to In(Ga)As quantum dots, GaAs island quantum dots formed by a thickness fluctuation were used because they exhibit a larger oscillator strength and emit light with a shorter wavelength. A forward voltage was applied to a Schottky diode to control the fine-structure splitting. We observed a decrease and suppression in the fine-structure splitting of the studied single quantum dot with the field, which enabled us to generate polarization-entangled photons with a high fidelity of 0.72 ± 0.05.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 769  
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Author Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L. openurl 
  Title A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the temperature of hw/k Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages 166-171  
  Keywords QCL, 2 mW at 155 K and 1.8 THz  
  Abstract (up) Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to ~planckω/kB, a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to ~1.9planckω/kB (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 631  
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Author Kumar, Sushil; Wang I. Chan, Chun; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L. openurl 
  Title A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the temperature of ω/kB Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Phys.  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to ~ω/kB, a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to ~1.9ω/kB (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 836  
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Author Freer, Erik M.; Grachev, Oleg; Duan, Xiangfeng; Martin, Samuel; Stumbo, David P. openurl 
  Title High-yield self-limiting single-nanowire assembly with dielectrophoresis Type Journal Article
  Year 2010 Publication Nature Nanotechnology Abbreviated Journal Nat. Nanotech.  
  Volume 5 Issue 7 Pages 525–530  
  Keywords  
  Abstract (up) Single-crystal nanowire transistors and other nanowire-based devices could have applications in large-area and flexible electronics if conventional top-down fabrication techniques can be integrated with high-precision bottom-up nanowire assembly. Here, we extend dielectrophoretic nanowire assembly to achieve a 98.5% yield of single nanowires assembled over 16,000 patterned electrode sites with submicrometre alignment precision. The balancing of surface, hydrodynamic and dielectrophoretic forces makes the self-assembly process controllable, and a hydrodynamic force component makes it self-limiting. Our approach represents a methodology to quantify nanowire assembly, and makes single nanowire assembly possible over an area limited only by the ability to reproduce process conditions uniformly.  
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  Notes SSPD Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 683  
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Author Williams, Benjamin S. openurl 
  Title Terahertz quantum-cascade lasers Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 1 Issue Pages 517-525  
  Keywords QCL review  
  Abstract (up) Six years after their birth, terahertz quantum-cascade lasers can now deliver milliwatts or more of continuous-wave coherent radiation throughout the terahertz range — the spectral regime between millimetre and infrared wavelengths, which has long resisted development. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and future prospects for these lasers, including efforts to increase their operating temperatures, deliver higher output powers and emit longer wavelengths.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 632  
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Author Capmany, José; Gasulla, Ivana; Sales, Salvador openurl 
  Title Microwave photonics: Harnessing slow light Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 5 Issue 12 Pages 731-733  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Slow-light techniques originally conceived for buffering high-speed digital optical signals now look set to play an important role in providing broadband phase and true time delays for microwave signals.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 778  
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Author Kono, Junichiro openurl 
  Title Coherent terahertz control Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 5 Issue Pages 5-6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) Spin and charge terahertz excitations in solids are promising for implementing future technologies such as spintronics and quantum computation, but coherently controlling them has been a significant challenge. Researchers have now manipulated coherent spin waves in an antiferromagnet using the intense magnetic field of ultrashort terahertz pulses.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 773  
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Author Crespi, Andrea; Ramponi, Roberta; Osellame, Roberto; Sansoni, Linda; Bongioanni, Irene; Sciarrino, Fabio; Vallone, Giuseppe; Mataloni, Paolo openurl 
  Title Integrated photonic quantum gates for polarization qubits Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Communications Abbreviated Journal Nat. Comm.  
  Volume 2 Issue 566 Pages 6  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) The ability to manipulate quantum states of light by integrated devices may open new perspectives both for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and for novel technological applications. However, the technology for handling polarization-encoded qubits, the most commonly adopted approach, is still missing in quantum optical circuits. Here we demonstrate the first integrated photonic controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for polarization-encoded qubits. This result has been enabled by the integration, based on femtosecond laser waveguide writing, of partially polarizing beam splitters on a glass chip. We characterize the logical truth table of the quantum gate demonstrating its high fidelity to the expected one. In addition, we show the ability of this gate to transform separable states into entangled ones and vice versa. Finally, the full accessibility of our device is exploited to carry out a complete characterization of the CNOT gate through a quantum process tomography.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 765  
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Author Kawano, Yukio; Ishibashi, Koji url  doi
openurl 
  Title An on-chip near-field terahertz probe and detector Type Journal Article
  Year 2008 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nature Photon  
  Volume 2 Issue 10 Pages 618-621  
  Keywords single molecule, terahertz, THz, near-field, microscopy, imaging, 2DEG, GaAs/AlGaAs, detector, applications  
  Abstract (up) The advantageous properties of terahertz waves, such as their transmission through objects opaque to visible light, are attracting attention for imaging applications. A promising approach for achieving high spatial resolution is the use of near-field imaging. Although this method has been well established in the visible and microwave regions, it is challenging to perform in the terahertz region. In the terahertz techniques investigated to date, detectors have been located remotely from the probe, which degrades sensitivity, and the influence of far-field waves is unavoidable. Here we present a new integrated detection device for terahertz near-field imaging in which all the necessary detection components — an aperture, a probe and a terahertz detector — are integrated on one semiconductor chip, which is cryogenically cooled. This scheme allows highly sensitive, high-resolution detection of the evanescent field alone and promises new capabilities for high-resolution terahertz imaging.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1749-4885 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 570  
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Author Yao, Xing-Can; Wang, Tian-Xiong; Xu, Ping; Lu, He; Pan, Ge-Sheng; Bao, Xiao-Hui; Peng, Cheng-Zhi; Lu, Chao-Yang; Chen, Yu-Ao; Pan, Jian-Wei openurl 
  Title Observation of eight-photon entanglement Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Nature Photonics Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.  
  Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 225-228  
  Keywords fromIPMRAS  
  Abstract (up) The creation of increasingly large multipartite entangled states is not only a fundamental scientific endeavour in itself, but is also the enabling technology for quantum information. Tremendous experimental effort has been devoted to generating multiparticle entanglement with a growing number of qubits. So far, up to six spatially separated single photons have been entangled based on parametric downconversion. Multiple degrees of freedom of a single photon have been exploited to generate forms of hyper-entangled states. Here, using new ultra-bright sources of entangled photon pairs, an eight-photon interferometer and post-selection detection, we demonstrate for the first time the creation of an eight-photon Schrödinger cat state with genuine multipartite entanglement. The ability to control eight individual photons represents a step towards optical quantum computation, and will enable new experiments on, for example, quantum simulation, topological error correction and testing entanglement dynamics under decoherence.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 784  
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