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Author Bondarenko, O. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gurvich, Y. A.; Orlova, S. L.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Measurement of the width of the cyclotron resonance line of n-type Ge in quantizing magnetic fields Type Journal Article
Year 1972 Publication Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников Abbreviated Journal Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников
Volume 6 Issue Pages (down) 362-363
Keywords Ge, cyclotron resonance, quantizing magnetic fields
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Call Number Serial 1774
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Population and lifetime of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge Type Journal Article
Year 1979 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages (down) 355-362
Keywords Ge, photothermal ionization, shallow impurities
Abstract An investigation was made of the dependences of the intensities of photothermal ionization lines of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge on the intensity of impurity-absorbed background radiation and on temperature. The results obtained were used to find the density and lifetime of carriers of lower excited states of the impurity centers. The lifetimes of the excited states of donors in Ge were 10-~-10-" sec and the lifetime of the lower excited state of acceptors was -lo-' sec. In the presence of background radiation the population of the excited states was very different from the equilibrium value and, in particular, a population inversion of the 2pk, state relative to the 3p0 and 3s states was observed.
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Call Number Serial 1719
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Author Semenov, A.; Goltsman, G.; Korneev, A.
Title Quantum detection by current carrying superconducting film Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 351 Issue 4 Pages (down) 349-356
Keywords quantum detection, phase slip centers, quasiparticle diffusion
Abstract We describe a novel quantum detection mechanism in the superconducting film carrying supercurrent. The mechanism incorporates growing normal domain and breaking of superconductivity by the bias current. A single photon absorbed in the film creates transient normal spot that causes redistribution of the current and, consequently, increase of the current density in superconducting areas. When the current density exceeds the critical value, the film switches into resistive state and generates the voltage pulse. Analysis shows that a submicron-wide film of conventional low temperature superconductor operated in liquid helium may detect single far-infrared photon. The amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse are in the millivolt and picosecond range, respectively. The quantitative model is presented that allows simulation of the detector utilizing this detection mechanism.
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ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 507
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Author Tikhonov, V. V.; Boyarskii, D. A.; Polyakova, O. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Goltsman, G. N.
Title Radiophysical and dielectric properties of ore minerals in 12--145 GHz frequency range Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication PIER B Abbreviated Journal PIER B
Volume 25 Issue Pages (down) 349-367
Keywords complex permittivity, ore minerals
Abstract The paper discusses a retrieval technique of complex permittivity of ore minerals in frequency ranges of 12--38 GHz and 77--145 GHz. The method is based on measuring frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity of plate-parallel mineral samples. In the 12--38 GHz range, the measurements were conducted using a panoramic standing wave ratio and attenuation meter. In the 77--145 GHz range, frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity were obtained using millimeter-band spectrometer with backward-wave oscillators. The real and imaginary parts of complex permittivity of a mineral were determined solving an equation system for frequency dependencies of transmissivity and reflectivity of an absorbing layer located between two dielectric media. In the course of the work, minerals that are primary ores in iron, zinc, copper and titanium mining were investigated: magnetite, hematite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and ilmenite.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 639
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Author Sergeev, A.; Semenov, A.; Trifonov, V.; Karasik, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.
Title Heat transfer in YBaCuO thin film/sapphire substrate system Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication J. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal J. Supercond.
Volume 7 Issue 2 Pages (down) 341-344
Keywords YBCO films
Abstract The thermal boundary resistance at the YBaCuO thin film/Al2O3 substrate interface was investigated. The transparency for thermal phonons incident on the interface as well as for phonons moving from the substrate was determined. We have measured a transient voltage response of current-biased films to continuously modulated radiation. The observed knee in the modulation frequency dependence of the response reflects the crossover from the diffusion regime to the contact resistance regime of the heat transfer across the interface. The values of transparency were independently deduced both from the phonon escape time and from the time of phonon return to the film which were identified with peculiarities in the frequency dependence. The results are much more consistent with the acoustic mismatch theory than the diffuse mismatch model.
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ISSN 0896-1107 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1647
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Author Банная, В. Ф.; Веселова, Л. И.; Гершензон, Е. М.
Title Особенности температурной зависимости холловской подвижности в легированных и некомпенсированных полупроводниках Type Journal Article
Year 1989 Publication Физика и техника полупроводников Abbreviated Journal Физика и техника полупроводников
Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages (down) 338-345
Keywords weakly compensated Si, Ge, doped, Hall mobility
Abstract На примере легированного и слабо компенсированного Si⟨B⟩ проведены исследования особенностей температурной зависимости подвижности при различных механизмах рассеяния. Уточнен метод определения концентрации компенсирующей примеси по μI(T). Полученные результаты обсуждаются и для Ge.
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Call Number Serial 1758
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Author Marsili, F.; Bitauld, D.; Fiore, A.; Gaggero, A.; Leoni, R.; Mattioli, F.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Minaeva, O.; Goltsman, G.
Title Superconducting parallel nanowire detector with photon number resolving functionality Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication J. Modern Opt. Abbreviated Journal J. Modern Opt.
Volume 56 Issue 2-3 Pages (down) 334-344
Keywords PNR; SSPD; SNSPD; thin superconducting films; photon number resolving detector; multiplication noise; telecom wavelength; NbN
Abstract We present a new photon number resolving detector (PNR), the Parallel Nanowire Detector (PND), which uses spatial multiplexing on a subwavelength scale to provide a single electrical output proportional to the photon number. The basic structure of the PND is the parallel connection of several NbN superconducting nanowires (100 nm-wide, few nm-thick), folded in a meander pattern. Electrical and optical equivalents of the device were developed in order to gain insight on its working principle. PNDs were fabricated on 3-4 nm thick NbN films grown on sapphire (substrate temperature TS=900C) or MgO (TS=400C) substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering in an Ar/N2 gas mixture. The device performance was characterized in terms of speed and sensitivity. The photoresponse shows a full width at half maximum (FWHM) as low as 660ps. PNDs showed counting performance at 80 MHz repetition rate. Building the histograms of the photoresponse peak, no multiplication noise buildup is observable and a one photon quantum efficiency can be estimated to be QE=3% (at 700 nm wavelength and 4.2 K temperature). The PND significantly outperforms existing PNR detectors in terms of simplicity, sensitivity, speed, and multiplication noise.
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0950-0340 ISBN Medium
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 701
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Author Zhang, W.; Miao, W.; Yao, Q. J.; Lin, Z. H.; Shi, S. C.; Gao, J. R.; Goltsman, G. N.
Title Spectral response and noise temperature of a 2.5 THz spiral antenna coupled NbN HEB mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Phys. Procedia Abbreviated Journal Phys. Procedia
Volume 36 Issue Pages (down) 334-337
Keywords NbN HEB mixer
Abstract We report on a 2.5 THz spiral antenna coupled NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers, fabricated with in-situ process. The receiver noise temperature with lowest value of 1180 K is in good agreement with calculated quantum efficiency factor as a function of bias voltage. In addition, the measured spectral response of the spiral antenna coupled NbN HEB mixer shows broad frequency coverage of 0.8-3 THz, and corrected response for optical losses, FTS, and coupling efficiency between antenna and bolometer falls with frequency due to diffraction-limited beam of lens/antenna combination.
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ISSN 1875-3892 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1381
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Author Dube, I.; Jiménez, D.; Fedorov, G.; Boyd, A.; Gayduchenko, I.; Paranjape, M.; Barbara, P.
Title Understanding the electrical response and sensing mechanism of carbon-nanotube-based gas sensors Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Carbon Abbreviated Journal Carbon
Volume 87 Issue Pages (down) 330-337
Keywords carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors, field effect transistors, FET
Abstract Gas sensors based on carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) have outstanding sensitivity compared to existing technologies. However, the lack of understanding of the sensing mechanism has greatly hindered progress on calibration standards and customization of these nano-sensors. Calibration requires identifying fundamental transistor parameters and establishing how they vary in the presence of a gas. This work focuses on modeling the electrical response of CNTFETs in the presence of oxidizing (NO2) and reducing (NH3) gases and determining how the transistor characteristics are affected by gas-induced changes of contact properties, such as the Schottky barrier height and width, and by the doping level of the nanotube. From the theoretical fits of the experimental transfer characteristics at different concentrations of NO2 and NH3, we find that the CNTFET response can be modeled by introducing changes in the Schottky barrier height. These changes are directly related to the changes in the metal work function of the electrodes that we determine experimentally, independently, with a Kelvin probe. Our analysis yields a direct correlation between the ON – current and the changes in the electrode metal work function. Doping due to molecules adsorbed at the carbon-nanotube/metal interface also affects the transfer characteristics.
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ISSN 0008-6223 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1778
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Author Korneeva, Y.; Florya, I.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.
Title New generation of nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detector for mid-infrared Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 21 Issue 3 Pages (down) 323-326
Keywords SSPD
Abstract We present a break-through approach to mid-infrared single-photon detection based on nanowire NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD). Although SSPD became a mature technology for telecom wavelengths (1.3-1.55 μm) its further expansion to mid-infrared wavelength was hampered by low sensitivity above 2 μm. We managed to overcome this limit by reducing the nanowire width to 50 nm, while retaining high superconducting properties and connecting the wires in parallel to produce a voltage response of sufficient magnitude. The new device exhibits 10 times better quantum efficiency at 3.5 μm wavelength than the “standard” SSPD.
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Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 644
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Author Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Lindgren, M.; Zorin, M.; Trifonov, V.; Karasik, B.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title A fast infrared detector based on patterned YBCO thin film Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages (down) 321-323
Keywords YBCO HTS detector
Abstract Detectors for infrared radiation ( lambda =0.85 mu m) were made of 50 nm thick YBa2Cu3O7- delta films on LaAlO3 and MgO or 60 nm thick films on NdGaO3. Parallel strips (1 mu m wide by 20 mu m long) were patterned in the films and formed the active device. These devices were designed to detect short infrared laser pulses by electron heating. The detectors were current biased into the resistive and the normal states. The response was studied in direct pulse measurements as well as by amplitude modulation of a laser. The pulse measurements showed a fast picosecond response followed by a slower decay related to phonon escape through the film-substrate interface and heat diffusion in the substrate. The frequency spectra up to 10 GHz showed two slopes with a knee corresponding to the phonon escape time.
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ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1646
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Author Gousev, Y. P.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Semenov, A. D.; Barowski, H. S.; Nebosis, R. S.; Renk, K. F.
Title Quasioptical superconducting hot electron bolometer for submillmeter waves Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Int. J. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves Abbreviated Journal Int. J. of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages (down) 317-331
Keywords NbN HEB
Abstract We report on a superconducting hot electron bolometer coupled to radiation via a broadband antenna. The bolometer, a structured NbN film, was patterned on a thin dielectric membrane between terminals of a gold slotline antenna. We investigated the response to submillimeter radiation (wave-lengths ∼ 0.1 mm to 0.7 mm) in the fundamental Gaussian mode. We found that the directivity of the antenna was constant within a factor of 2.5 through the whole experimental range. The noise equivalent power of the bolometer at 119 µm was ∼ 3 · 10−13 W/Hz1/2; a time constant of ∼ 160 ps was estimated.
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ISSN 0195-9271 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1618
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Author Słysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Górska, M.; Zwiller, V.; Latta, C.; Böhi, P.; Pearlman, A.J.; Cross, A.S.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Komissarov, I.; Verevkin, A.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minayeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G.N.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Fibre-coupled, single photon detector based on NbN superconducting nanostructures for quantum communications Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication J. Modern Opt. Abbreviated Journal J. Modern Opt.
Volume 54 Issue 2-3 Pages (down) 315-326
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present a novel, two-channel, single photon receiver based on two fibre-coupled, NbN, superconducting, single photon detectors (SSPDs). The SSPDs are nanostructured superconducting meanders and are known for ultrafast and efficient detection of visible-to-infrared photons. Coupling between the NbN detector and optical fibre was achieved using a micromechanical photoresist ring placed directly over the SSPD, holding the fibre in place. With this arrangement, we obtained coupling efficiencies up to ∼30%. Our experimental results showed that the best receiver had a near-infrared system quantum efficiency of 0.33% at 4.2 K. The quantum efficiency increased exponentially with the photon energy increase, reaching a few percent level for visible-light photons. The photoresponse pulses of our devices were limited by the meander high kinetic inductance and had the rise and fall times of approximately 250 ps and 5 ns, respectively. The receiver's timing jitter was in the 37 to 58 ps range, approximately 2 to 3 times larger than in our older free-space-coupled SSPDs. We stipulate that this timing jitter is in part due to optical fibre properties. Besides quantum communications, the two-detector arrangement should also find applications in quantum correlation experiments.
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ISSN 0950-0340 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1434
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gurvich, Yu. A.; Orlova, S. L.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Cyclotron resonance of electrons in Ge in a quantizing magnetic field in the case of inelastic scattering by acoustic phonons Type Journal Article
Year 1975 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 40 Issue 2 Pages (down) 311-315
Keywords Ge, cyclotron resonance
Abstract Results are presented of an experimental study of the linewidth of cyclotron resonance under strong quantization conditions on the scattering of electrons by acoustic phonons. The measurements were performed in the 2....{).4 mm wavelength range at temperatures between 10 and 1.4 OK. A number of singularities were observed in the temperature and frequency dependences of the cyclotron linewidth. These can be ascribed to the effect of inhomogeneous broadening due to nonparabolicity of the electron spectrum, which is renormalized as a result of interaction with acoustic phonons.
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Call Number Serial 1768
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Author Divochiy, Aleksander; Marsili, Francesco; Bitauld, David; Gaggero, Alessandro; Leoni, Roberto; Mattioli, Francesco; Korneev, Alexander; Seleznev, Vitaliy; Kaurova, Nataliya; Minaeva, Olga; Gol'tsman, Gregory; Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.; Benkhaoul, Moushab; Lévy, Francis; Fiore, Andrea
Title Superconducting nanowire photon-number-resolving detector at telecommunication wavelengths Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Nat. Photon. Abbreviated Journal Nat. Photon.
Volume 2 Issue 5 Pages (down) 302-306
Keywords SSPD, photon-number-resolving
Abstract Optical-to-electrical conversion, which is the basis of the operation of optical detectors, can be linear or nonlinear. When high sensitivities are needed, single-photon detectors are used, which operate in a strongly nonlinear mode, their response being independent of the number of detected photons. However, photon-number-resolving detectors are needed, particularly in quantum optics, where n-photon states are routinely produced. In quantum communication and quantum information processing, the photon-number-resolving functionality is key to many protocols, such as the implementation of quantum repeaters1 and linear-optics quantum computing2. A linear detector with single-photon sensitivity can also be used for measuring a temporal waveform at extremely low light levels, such as in long-distance optical communications, fluorescence spectroscopy and optical time-domain reflectometry. We demonstrate here a photon-number-resolving detector based on parallel superconducting nanowires and capable of counting up to four photons at telecommunication wavelengths, with an ultralow dark count rate and high counting frequency.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 916
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