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Author |
Tang, Liang; Kocabas, Sukru Ekin; Latif, Salman; Okyay, Ali K.; Ly-Gagnon, Dany-Sebastien; Saraswat, Krishna C.; Miller, David A. B. |
Title |
Nanometre-scale germanium photodetector enhanced by a near-infrared dipole antenna |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2008 |
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Nature Photonics |
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2 |
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226-229 |
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optical antennas |
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A critical challenge for the convergence of optics and electronics is that the micrometre scale of optics is significantly larger than the nanometre scale of modern electronic devices. In the conversion from photons to electrons by photodetectors, this size incompatibility often leads to substantial penalties in power dissipation, area, latency and noise. A photodetector can be made smaller by using a subwavelength active region; however, this can result in very low responsivity because of the diffraction limit of the light. Here we exploit the idea of a half-wave Hertz dipole antenna (length approx 380 nm) from radio waves, but at near-infrared wavelengths (length approx 1.3 microm), to concentrate radiation into a nanometre-scale germanium photodetector. This gives a polarization contrast of a factor of 20 in the resulting photocurrent in the subwavelength germanium element, which has an active volume of 0.00072 microm3, a size that is two orders of magnitude smaller than previously demonstrated detectors at such wavelengths. |
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858 |
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Yao, Xing-Can; Wang, Tian-Xiong; Xu, Ping; Lu, He; Pan, Ge-Sheng; Bao, Xiao-Hui; Peng, Cheng-Zhi; Lu, Chao-Yang; Chen, Yu-Ao; Pan, Jian-Wei |
Title |
Observation of eight-photon entanglement |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
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6 |
Issue |
4 |
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225-228 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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The creation of increasingly large multipartite entangled states is not only a fundamental scientific endeavour in itself, but is also the enabling technology for quantum information. Tremendous experimental effort has been devoted to generating multiparticle entanglement with a growing number of qubits. So far, up to six spatially separated single photons have been entangled based on parametric downconversion. Multiple degrees of freedom of a single photon have been exploited to generate forms of hyper-entangled states. Here, using new ultra-bright sources of entangled photon pairs, an eight-photon interferometer and post-selection detection, we demonstrate for the first time the creation of an eight-photon Schrödinger cat state with genuine multipartite entanglement. The ability to control eight individual photons represents a step towards optical quantum computation, and will enable new experiments on, for example, quantum simulation, topological error correction and testing entanglement dynamics under decoherence. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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784 |
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Pris, Andrew D.; Utturkar, Yogen; Surman, Cheryl; Morris, William G.; Vert, Alexey; Zalyubovskiy, Sergiy; Deng, Tao; Ghiradella, Helen T.; Potyrailo, Radislav A. |
Title |
Towards high-speed imaging of infrared photons with bio-inspired nanoarchitectures |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Photon. |
Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
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195-200 |
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fromIPMRAS |
Abstract |
Existing infrared detectors rely on complex microfabrication and thermal management methods. Here, we report an attractive platform of low-thermal-mass resonators inspired by the architectures of iridescent Morpho butterfly scales. In these resonators, the optical cavity is modulated by its thermal expansion and refractive index change, resulting in `wavelength conversion' of mid-wave infrared (3-8 µm) radiation into visible iridescence changes. By doping Morpho butterfly scales with single-walled carbon nanotubes, we achieved mid-wave infrared detection with 18-62 mK noise-equivalent temperature difference and 35-40 Hz heat-sink-free response speed. The nanoscale pitch and the extremely small thermal mass of individual `pixels' promise significant improvements over existing detectors. Computational analysis explains the origin of this thermal response and guides future conceptually new bio-inspired thermal imaging sensor designs. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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785 |
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Zurek, Wojciech Hubert |
Title |
Quantum Darwinism |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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5 |
Issue |
3 |
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181-188 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Quantum Darwinism describes the proliferation, in the environment, of multiple records of selected states of a quantum system. It explains how the quantum fragility of a state of a single quantum system can lead to the classical robustness of states in their correlated multitude; shows how effective `wave-packet collapse' arises as a result of the proliferation throughout the environment of imprints of the state of the system; and provides a framework for the derivation of Born's rule, which relates the probabilities of detecting states to their amplitudes. Taken together, these three advances mark considerable progress towards settling the quantum measurement problem. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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799 |
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He, Rongrui; Sazio, Pier J. A.; Peacock, Anna C.; Healy, Noel; Sparks, Justin R.; Krishnamurthi, Mahesh; Gopalan, Venkatraman; Badding, John V. |
Title |
Integration of gigahertz-bandwidth semiconductor devices inside microstructured optical fibres |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
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6 |
Issue |
3 |
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174-179 |
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fromIPMRAS |
Abstract |
The prospect of an all-fibre optical communications network in which light can be generated, modulated and detected within the fibre itself without the need for discrete optoelectronic devices is an appealing one. However, to become a reality, this approach requires the incorporation of optoelectronic materials and functionalities into silica fibres to create a new breed of semiconductor-fibre hybrid devices for performing various tasks. Here, we report the integration of precisely doped semiconductor materials and high-quality rectifying semiconductor junctions into microstructured optical fibres, enabling high-speed, in-fibre functionalities such as photodetection at telecommunications wavelengths. These semiconductor-fibre hybrid devices exhibit a bandwidth of up to 3 GHz and seamless coupling to standard single-mode optical fibres. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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783 |
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Author |
Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L. |
Title |
A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the temperature of hw/k |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2011 |
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Nature Physics |
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7 |
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166-171 |
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QCL, 2 mW at 155 K and 1.8 THz |
Abstract |
Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to ~planckω/kB, a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to ~1.9planckω/kB (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser. |
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631 |
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Bozyigit, D.; Lang, C.; Steffen, L.; Fink, J. M.; Eichler, C.; Baur, M.; Bianchetti, R.; Leek, P. J.; Filipp, S.; da Silva, M. P.; Blais, A.; Wallraff, A. |
Title |
Antibunching of microwave-frequency photons observed in correlation measurements using linear detectors |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2011 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
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154-158 |
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fromIPMRAS |
Abstract |
At optical frequencies the radiation produced by a source, such as a laser, a black body or a single-photon emitter, is frequently characterized by analysing the temporal correlations of emitted photons using single-photon counters. At microwave frequencies, however, there are no efficient single-photon counters yet. Instead, well-developed linear amplifiers allow for efficient measurement of the amplitude of an electromagnetic field. Here, we demonstrate first- and second-order correlation function measurements of a pulsed microwave-frequency single-photon source integrated on the same chip with a 50/50 beam splitter followed by linear amplifiers and quadrature amplitude detectors. We clearly observe single-photon coherence in first-order and photon antibunching in second-order correlation function measurements of the propagating fields. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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835 |
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Bason, Mark G.; Viteau, Matthieu; Malossi, Nicola; Huillery, Paul; Arimondo, Ennio; Ciampini, Donatella; Fazio, Rosario; Giovannetti, Vittorio; Mannella, Riccardo; Morsch, Oliver |
Title |
High-fidelity quantum driving |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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8 |
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2 |
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147-152 |
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fromIPMRAS |
Abstract |
Accurately controlling a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in quantum information processing and the coherent manipulation of molecular systems. The ultimate goal in quantum control is to prepare a desired state with the highest fidelity allowed by the available resources and the experimental constraints. Here we experimentally implement two optimal high-fidelity control protocols using a two-level quantum system comprising Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices. The first is a short-cut protocol that reaches the maximum quantum-transformation speed compatible with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In the opposite limit, we realize the recently proposed transitionless superadiabatic protocols in which the system follows the instantaneous adiabatic ground state nearly perfectly. We demonstrate that superadiabatic protocols are extremely robust against control parameter variations, making them useful for practical applications. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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816 |
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Schmidt, Markus A. |
Title |
Integration: Fibres embrace optoelectronics |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
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6 |
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3 |
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143-145 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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The demonstration of an in-fibre semiconductor photodetector with gigahertz bandwidth bodes well for the future development of hybrid fibre optoelectronics. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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789 |
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Goulielmakis, Eleftherios |
Title |
Attosecond photonics: Extreme ultraviolet catastrophes |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
Volume |
6 |
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3 |
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142-143 |
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Extreme ultraviolet attosecond pulses, which emerge from the interaction of atoms with intense laser fields, play a central role in modern ultrafast science and the exploration of electron behaviour. Recent work now shows that catastrophe theory can help optimize the properties of these pulses. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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791 |
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Kim, Yong-Su; Lee, Jong-Chan; Kwon, Osung; Kim, Yoon-Ho |
Title |
Protecting entanglement from decoherence using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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8 |
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2 |
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117-120 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Decoherence, often caused by unavoidable coupling with the environment, leads to degradation of quantum coherence. For a multipartite quantum system, decoherence leads to degradation of entanglement and, in certain cases, entanglement sudden death. Tackling decoherence, thus, is a critical issue faced in quantum information, as entanglement is a vital resource for many quantum information applications including quantum computing, quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation and quantum metrology. Here, we propose and demonstrate a scheme to protect entanglement from decoherence. Our entanglement protection scheme makes use of the quantum measurement itself for actively battling against decoherence and it can effectively circumvent even entanglement sudden death. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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815 |
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Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L. |
Title |
Quantum control: Through the quantum chicane |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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8 |
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2 |
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113-114 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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In quantum control there is an inherent tension between high fidelity requirements and the need for speed to avoid decoherence. A direct comparison of quantum control protocols at these two extremes indicates where the sweet spot may lie. |
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812 |
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Korotkov, Alexander N. |
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Entanglement preservation: The Sleeping Beauty approach |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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8 |
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2 |
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107-108 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Two-qubit entanglement can be preserved by partially measuring the qubits to leave them in a 'lethargic' state. The original state is restored using quantum measurement reversal after the qubits have travelled through a decoherence channel. |
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814 |
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Lupascu, Adrian |
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Nonlinear dynamics: Quantum pendula locked in |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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7 |
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2 |
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100-101 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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A study of the autoresonant behaviour of a superconducting pendulum reveals that quantum fluctuations determine only the initial oscillator motion and not its subsequent dynamics. This could be important in the development of more efficient methods for reading solid-state qubits. |
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840 |
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Lu, Chao-Yang; Zhou, Xiao-Qi; Gühne, Otfried; Gao, Wei-Bo; Zhang, Jin; Yuan, Zhen-Sheng; Goebel, Alexander; Yang, Tao; Pan, Jian-Wei |
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Experimental entanglement of six photons in graph states |
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2007 |
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Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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3 |
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2 |
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91-95 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Graph states-multipartite entangled states that can be represented by mathematical graphs-are important resources for quantum computation, quantum error correction, studies of multiparticle entanglement and fundamental tests of non-locality and decoherence. Here, we demonstrate the experimental entanglement of six photons and engineering of multiqubit graph states. We have created two important examples of graph states, a six-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, the largest photonic Schrödinger cat so far, and a six-photon cluster state, a state-of-the-art `one-way quantum computer'. With small modifications, our method allows us, in principle, to create various further graph states, and therefore could open the way to experimental tests of, for example, quantum algorithms or loss- and fault-tolerant one-way quantum computation. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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796 |
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