Records |
Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kagane, M. L. |
Title |
Observation of free carrier resonances in p-type germanium at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. Solid State |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. Solid State |
Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
573-579 |
Keywords |
p-Ge, free carriers, resonances |
Abstract |
The spectrum of hole resonances in pure p-Ge for submillimetre in quantizing magnetic fields has been studied and identified. Measurements of photoconductivity spectra of p-Ge were made in the wave range lambda = 2-0.3 mm at temp. of 4.2-15 deg K in magnetic fields H up to 40 Measurements at various frequencies showed that the position of a series of characteristic resonances depends on the frequency of the illumination. This is in line with theoretical conclusions about the effective mass of the carriers increasing with rise in the magnetic field as a result of the interaction of the edge of the valency band with the split spin-orbital interaction of the sub 7 exp + band and the conduction band. The relative intensity of the quantum resonance lines of the free holes depends on the excitation conditions. |
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1721 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kagane, M. L. |
Title |
Energy spectrum of acceptors in germanium and its response to a magnetic field |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Volume |
45 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
769-776 |
Keywords |
p-Ge, photoconductivity, energy spectrum, magnetic field |
Abstract |
We investigated the spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of p-Ge at helium temperatures and the effects of a magnetic field up to 40 kOe on the spectrum. A large number of lines of transitions between the excited states of the acceptors was observed, some of the lines were identified, and the energies of a number of spectral levels B, Al, Ga, In, and TI in Ge were identified. The results are compared with calculations and with experimental data obtained from the spectra of the photoexcitation of the ground state of the impurities. Using one transition as an example, we discuss the splitting of the excited states of acceptors in the magnetic field and under uniaxial compression. |
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1727 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I. |
Title |
Energy spectrum of the donors in GaAs and Ge and its reaction to a magnetic field |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
555-565 |
Keywords |
Ge, GaAs, magnetic field, donors, energy spectrum |
Abstract |
The spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of n-GaAs and n-Ge in a magnetic field up to 60 kOe at helium temperatures was investigated. A large number of lines due to transitions between excited states of the donors have been investigated, and the measurement results were used to determine a number of levels of the energy spectrum in a wide range of magnetic fields. For GaAs, these data are compared with calculations of the energy spectrum of the hydrogen atom in magnetic fields up to -2X lo9 Oe. For the donors in Ge, the energy spectrum is investigated at different orientations of the magnetic field relative to the crystallographic axes (H 11 [loo], [I 1 I], [110]), and these results are also compared with the corresponding calculations. |
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1728 |
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Blagosklonskaya, L. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I. |
Title |
Effect of a high magnetic field on the spectrum of donors in InSb |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2373-2375 |
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InSb, energy spectrum, donors, high magnetic field |
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Russian |
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Воздействие сильного магнитного поля на спектр доноров в InSb |
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1729 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
Title |
Investigation of free excitons in Ge and their condensation at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
116-122 |
Keywords |
Ge, free excitons |
Abstract |
Results are presented of an investigation of free excitons in Ge in the submillimeter wavelength range for low as well as for high excitation levels when interaction between the excitons becomes important. The free-exciton energy spectrum is discussed. It is shown that the drop radii and their concentrations can be determined by measuring the temperature dependence of the free-exciton concentration. A section of the phase diagram is obtained in the 0.5-2.8 K temperature range for the free excitons+condensate system. |
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1731 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
Title |
Submillimeter spectroscopy of semiconductors |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Volume |
37 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
299-304 |
Keywords |
semiconductors, submillimeter spectroscopy, spectrometer, BWO, Ge, free excitons |
Abstract |
The possibility is considered of carrying out submillimeter-wave spectral investigations of semiconductors by means of a high resolution spectrometer with backward-wave tubes. Results of a study of the excitation spectra of small impurities, D-(A +) centers and free excitons in germanium are presented. |
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1735 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Mel'nikov, A. P. |
Title |
Binding energy of a carrier with a neutral impurity atom in germanium and in silicon |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
185-186 |
Keywords |
Ge, Si, neutral impurity atom, binding energy |
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1739 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
Title |
Transitions of electrons between excited states of donors in germanium |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
63-65 |
Keywords |
Ge, donors, excited states |
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1740 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Emtsev, V. V.; Mashovets, T. V.; Ptitsyna, N. G.; Ryvkin, S. M. |
Title |
Role of impurities of groups III and V in the formation of defects following γ irradiation of germanium |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1971 |
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JETP Lett. |
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JETP Lett. |
Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
241 |
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Ge, gamma irradiation, defects, impurities |
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1742 |
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Lindgren, M.; Zorin, M. A.; Trifonov, V.; Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Karasik, B. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
Title |
Optical mixing in a patterned YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1994 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
65 |
Issue |
26 |
Pages |
3398-3400 |
Keywords |
YBCO HTS HEB mixer, bandwidth |
Abstract |
Mixing of 1.56 µm infrared radiation from two lasers in a high quality YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film, patterned to parallel strips, was demonstrated. A mixer bandwidth of 18 GHz, limited by the measurement system, was obtained. A model based on nonequilibrium electron heating gives a good fit to the data and predicts an intrinsic mixer bandwidth in excess of 100 GHz, operating in the whole infrared spectrum. Reduction of bolometric effects and ways to decrease the conversion loss of the mixer is discussed. The minimum conversion loss is expected to be ~10 dB. |
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0003-6951 |
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251 |
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Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Matvienko, V.; Chulkova, G.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Currie, M.; Lo, W.; Wilsher, K.; Zhang, J.; Słysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, Roman |
Title |
Sensitivity and gigahertz counting performance of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2004 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
84 |
Issue |
26 |
Pages |
5338-5340 |
Keywords |
SSPD, NEP, QE |
Abstract |
We have measured the quantum efficiencysQEd, GHz counting rate, jitter, and noise-equivalentpowersNEPdof nanostructured NbN superconducting single-photon detectorssSSPDsdin thevisible to infrared radiation range. Our 3.5-nm-thick and 100- to 200-nm-wide meander-typedevices(total area 10310mm2), operating at 4.2 K, exhibit an experimental QE of up to 20% inthe visible range and,10% at 1.3 to 1.55mm wavelength and are potentially sensitive up tomidinfrareds,10mmdradiation. The SSPD counting rate was measured to be above 2 GHz withjitter,18 ps, independent of the wavelength. The devices’ NEP varies from,10−17W/Hz1/2for1.55mm photons to,10−20W/Hz1/2for visible radiation. Lowering the SSPD operatingtemperature to 2.3 K significantly enhanced its performance, by increasing the QE to,20% andlowering the NEP level to,3310−22W/Hz1/2, both measured at 1.26mm wavelength. |
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0003-6951 |
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532 |
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Il'in, K. S.; Lindgren, M.; Currie, M. A.; Semenov, D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, Roman; Cherednichenko, S. I.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
Title |
Picosecond hot-electron energy relaxation in NbN superconducting photodetectors |
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Journal Article |
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2000 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Volume |
76 |
Issue |
19 |
Pages |
2752-2754 |
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NbN HEB detectors, two-temperature model, IF bandwidth |
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We report time-resolved characterization of superconducting NbN hot-electron photodetectors using an electro-optic sampling method. Our samples were patterned into micron-size microbridges from 3.5-nm-thick NbN films deposited on sapphire substrates. The devices were illuminated with 100 fs optical pulses, and the photoresponse was measured in the ambient temperature range between 2.15 and 10.6 K (superconducting temperature transition TC). The experimental data agreed very well with the nonequilibrium hot-electron, two-temperature model. The quasiparticle thermalization time was ambient temperature independent and was measured to be 6.5 ps. The inelastic electron–phonon scattering time Ï„e–ph tended to decrease with the temperature increase, although its change remained within the experimental error, while the phonon escape time Ï„es decreased almost by a factor of two when the sample was put in direct contact with superfluid helium. Specifically, Ï„e–ph and Ï„es, fitted by the two-temperature model, were equal to 11.6 and 21 ps at 2.15 K, and 10(±2) and 38 ps at 10.5 K, respectively. The obtained value of Ï„e–ph shows that the maximum intermediate frequency bandwidth of NbN hot-electron phonon-cooled mixers operating at TC can reach 16(+4/–3) GHz if one eliminates the bolometric phonon-heating effect. |
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0003-6951 |
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Il'in, K. S.; Karasik, B. S.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Sergeev, A. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Pechen, E. V.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S. I. |
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Electron-phonon-impurity interference in thin NbC films: electron inelastic scattering time and corrections to resistivity |
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Conference Article |
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1996 |
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Czech. J. Phys. |
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Czech. J. Phys. |
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46 |
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S2 |
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857-858 |
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NbC films |
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Complex study of transport properties of impure NbC films with the electron mean free pathl=0.6–13 nm show the crucial role of the electron-phonon-impurity interference (EPII). In the temperature range 20–70 K we found the interference correction to resistivity proportional to T2 and to the residual resistivity of the film. Using the comprehensive theory of EPII, we determine the electron coupling with transverse phonons and calculate the electron inelastic scattering time. Direct measurements of the inelastic electron scattering time using a response to a high-frequency amplitude modulated cw radiation agree well with the theory. |
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0011-4626 |
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Zhang, J.; Boiadjieva, N.; Chulkova, G.; Deslandes, H.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Leibowitz, M.; Lo, W.; Malinsky, R.; Okunev, O.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Smirnov, K.; Tsao, C.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Wilsher, K.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Noninvasive CMOS circuit testing with NbN superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2003 |
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Electron. Lett. |
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Electron. Lett. |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
1086-1088 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications |
Abstract |
The 3.5 nm thick-film, meander-structured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been implemented in the CMOS circuit-testing system based on the detection of near-infrared photon emission from switching transistors and have significantly improved the performance of the system. Photon emissions from both p- and n-MOS transistors have been observed. |
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0013-5194 |
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1512 |
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Jiang, Ling; Miao, Wei; Zhang, Wen; Li, Ning; Lin, Zhen Hui; Yao, Qi Jun; Shi, Sheng-Cai; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Kaurova, N. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Characterization of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer |
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2006 |
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IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn. |
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IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn. |
Volume |
54 |
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7 |
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2944-2948 |
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NbN HEB mixers |
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In this paper, the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer, cryogenically cooled by a close-cycled 4-K refrigerator, is thoroughly investigated at 300, 500, and 850 GHz. The lowest receiver noise temperatures measured at the respective three frequencies are 1400, 900, and 1350 K, which can go down to 659, 413, and 529 K, respectively, after correcting the loss and associated noise contribution of the quasi-optical system before the measured superconducting HEB mixer. The stability of the quasi-optical superconducting HEB mixer is also investigated here. The Allan variance time measured with a local oscillator pumping at 500 GHz and an IF bandwidth of 110 MHz is 1.5 s at the dc-bias voltage exhibiting the lowest noise temperature and increases to 2.5 s at a dc bias twice that voltage. |
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0018-9480 |
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