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Author Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Lo, W.; Wilsher, K. url  openurl
  Title Infrared picosecond superconducting single-photon detectors for CMOS circuit testing Type Conference Article
  Year 2003 Publication CLEO/QELS Abbreviated Journal CLEO/QELS  
  Volume Issue (up) Pages Cmv4  
  Keywords NbN SSPD; SNSPD; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Electron beam lithography; Infrared detectors; Infrared radiation; Quantum efficiency; Single photon detectors; Superconductors  
  Abstract Novel, NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been developed for ultrafast, high quantum efficiency detection of single quanta of infrared radiation. Our devices have been successfully implemented in a commercial VLSI CMOS circuit testing system.  
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  Publisher Optical Society of America Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1518  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Soifer, B. T.; Pipher, J. L. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Instrumentation for infrared astronomy Type Journal Article
  Year 1978 Publication Annual Rev. Astron. Astrophys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 16 Issue (up) 1 Pages 335-369  
  Keywords infrared applications  
  Abstract  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0066-4146 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 492  
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Author Mitin, Vladimir; Antipov, Andrei; Sergeev, Andrei; Vagidov, Nizami; Eason, David; Strasser, Gottfried openurl 
  Title Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors: Photoresponse Enhancement Due to Potential Barriers Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nanoscale Research Letters Abbreviated Journal Nanoscale res lett  
  Volume 6 Issue (up) 1 Pages 6  
  Keywords Quantum dots; Infrared detectors; Photoresponse; Doping; Potential barriers; Capture processes  
  Abstract Potential barriers around quantum dots (QDs) play a key role in kinetics of photoelectrons. These barriers are always created, when electrons from dopants outside QDs fill the dots. Potential barriers suppress the capture processes of photoelectrons and increase the photoresponse. To directly investigate the effect of potential barriers on photoelectron kinetics, we fabricated several QD structures with different positions of dopants and various levels of doping. The potential barriers as a function of doping and dopant positions have been determined using nextnano3 software. We experimentally investigated the photoresponse to IR radiation as a function of the radiation frequency and voltage bias. We also measured the dark current in these QD structures. Our investigations show that the photoresponse increases ~30 times as the height of potential barriers changes from 30 to 130 meV.  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 712  
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Author Teich, M. C. doi  openurl
  Title Infrared heterodyne detection Type Conference Article
  Year 1968 Publication Proc. IEEE Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 56 Issue (up) 1 Pages 37-46  
  Keywords minimum detectable power, quantum limit, infrared, IR mixer  
  Abstract Heterodyne experiments have been performed in the middle infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum using the CO2laser as a radiation source. Theoretically optimum operation has been achieved at kHz heterodyne frequencies using photoconductive Ge:Cu detectors operated at 4°K, and at kHz and MHz frequencies using Pb1-xSnxSe photovoltaic detectors at 77°K. In accordance with the theory, the minimum detectable power observed is a factor of 2/η greater than the theoretically perfect quantum counter, hvΔf. The coefficient 2/η varies from 5 to 25 for the detectors investigated in this study. A comparison is made between photoconductive and photodiode detectors for heterodyne use in the infrared, and it is concluded that both are useful. Heterodyne detection at 10.6 µm is expected to be useful for communications applications, infrared radar, and heterodyne spectroscopy. It has particular significance because of the high radiation power available from the CO2laser, and because of the 8 to 14 µm atmospheric window.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher IEEE Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0018-9219 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1060  
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Author Krasnopolsky, Vladimir A.; Maillard, Jean Pierre; C. Owen, Tobias openurl 
  Title Detection of methane in the martian atmosphere: evidence for life? Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Icarus Abbreviated Journal Icarus  
  Volume 172 Issue (up) 2 Pages 537-547  
  Keywords FTS, Mars atmosphere, methane absorption lines, IR spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, landfill gas  
  Abstract Using the Fourier Transform Spectrometer at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope, we observed a spectrum of Mars at the P-branch of the strongest CH4 band at 3.3 μm with resolving power of 180,000 for the apodized spectrum. Summing up the spectral intervals at the expected positions of the 15 strongest Doppler-shifted martian lines, we detected the absorption by martian methane at a 3.7 sigma level which is exactly centered in the summed spectrum. The observed CH4 mixing ratio is 10±3 ppb. Total photochemical loss of CH4 in the martian atmosphere is equal to View the MathML source, the CH4 lifetime is 340 years and methane should be uniformly mixed in the atmosphere. Heterogeneous loss of atmospheric methane is probably negligible, while the sink of CH4 during its diffusion through the regolith may be significant. There are no processes of CH4 formation in the atmosphere, so the photochemical loss must therefore be balanced by abiogenic and biogenic sources. Outgassing from Mars is weak, the latest volcanism is at least 10 million years old, and thermal emission imaging from the Mars Odyssey orbiter does not reveal any hot spots on Mars. Hydrothermal systems can hardly be warmer than the room temperature at which production of methane is very low in terrestrial waters. Therefore a significant production of hydrothermal and magmatic methane is not very likely on Mars. The calculated average production of CH4 by cometary impacts is 2% of the methane loss. Production of methane by meteorites and interplanetary dust does not exceed 4% of the methane loss. Methane cannot originate from an extinct biosphere, as in the case of “natural gas” on Earth, given the exceedingly low limits on organic matter set by the Viking landers and the dry recent history which has been extremely hostile to the macroscopic life needed to generate the gas. Therefore, methanogenesis by living subterranean organisms is a plausible explanation for this discovery. Our estimates of the biomass and its production using the measured CH4 abundance show that the martian biota may be extremely scarce and Mars may be generally sterile except for some oases.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 879  
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