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Author Sprengers, J. P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Jahanmirinejad, S.; Frucci, G.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A. openurl 
  Title Waveguide superconducting single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 99 Issue 18 Pages 181110(1-3)  
  Keywords (up) optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD  
  Abstract The monolithic integration of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits, and single-photon detectors enables complex and scalable quantum photonic integrated circuits, for application in linear-optics quantum computing and quantum communications. Here, we demonstrate a key component of such a circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (~0%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (~0 ps), and response time in the ns range and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks, and modulators.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 847  
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Author Чулкова, Г. М.; Семёнов, А. В.; Дивочий, А. В.; Тархов, М. А. url  openurl
  Title Сверхпроводниковый однофотонный детектор с разрешением числа фотонов для систем дальней телекоммуникационной связи Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Ж. радиоэлектрон. Abbreviated Journal Ж. радиоэлектрон.  
  Volume Issue 12 Pages 1-6  
  Keywords (up) PNR SSPD, SNSPD  
  Abstract Рассмотрена возможность применения сверхпроводникового однофотонного детектора, разрешающего число фотонов, в качестве датчика приёмных модулей телекоммуникационных линий. Показано, что для достижения доли ошибочных битов на уровне 10-11 достаточно на два порядка меньшей мощности в оптическом импульсе, чем при использовании существующих приёмных модулей.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ чулковасверхпроводниковый Serial 1031  
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Author Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L. openurl 
  Title A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the temperature of hw/k Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nature Physics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages 166-171  
  Keywords (up) QCL, 2 mW at 155 K and 1.8 THz  
  Abstract Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to ~planckω/kB, a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to ~1.9planckω/kB (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 631  
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Author Курочкин, Юрий Владимирович pdf  openurl
  Title Методы повышения пропускной способности квантовой криптографии Type Manuscript
  Year 2011 Publication МФТИ Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords (up) quantum cryptography  
  Abstract  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 762  
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Author Wiechers, C.; Lydersen, L.; Wittmann, C.; Elser, D.; Skaar, J.; Marquardt, Ch; Makarov, V.; Leuchs, G. openurl 
  Title After-gate attack on a quantum cryptosystem Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication New J. Phys. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 13 Issue 1 Pages 14  
  Keywords (up) quantum cryptography; hacking; interception; attack; SPD; APD; QKD  
  Abstract We present a method to control the detection events in quantum key distribution systems that use gated single-photon detectors. We employ bright pulses as faked states, timed to arrive at the avalanche photodiodes outside the activation time. The attack can remain unnoticed, since the faked states do not increase the error rate per se. This allows for an intercept-resend attack, where an eavesdropper transfers her detection events to the legitimate receiver without causing any errors. As a side effect, afterpulses, originating from accumulated charge carriers in the detectors, increase the error rate. We have experimentally tested detectors of the system id3110 (Clavis2) from ID Quantique. We identify the parameter regime in which the attack is feasible despite the side effect. Furthermore, we outline how simple modifications in the implementation can make the device immune to this attack.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 730  
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Author Mitin, Vladimir; Antipov, Andrei; Sergeev, Andrei; Vagidov, Nizami; Eason, David; Strasser, Gottfried openurl 
  Title Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors: Photoresponse Enhancement Due to Potential Barriers Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nanoscale Research Letters Abbreviated Journal Nanoscale res lett  
  Volume 6 Issue 1 Pages 6  
  Keywords (up) Quantum dots; Infrared detectors; Photoresponse; Doping; Potential barriers; Capture processes  
  Abstract Potential barriers around quantum dots (QDs) play a key role in kinetics of photoelectrons. These barriers are always created, when electrons from dopants outside QDs fill the dots. Potential barriers suppress the capture processes of photoelectrons and increase the photoresponse. To directly investigate the effect of potential barriers on photoelectron kinetics, we fabricated several QD structures with different positions of dopants and various levels of doping. The potential barriers as a function of doping and dopant positions have been determined using nextnano3 software. We experimentally investigated the photoresponse to IR radiation as a function of the radiation frequency and voltage bias. We also measured the dark current in these QD structures. Our investigations show that the photoresponse increases ~30 times as the height of potential barriers changes from 30 to 130 meV.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 712  
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Author Ozhegov, R. V.; Gorshkov, K. N.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kinev, N. V.; Koshelets, V. P. doi  openurl
  Title The stability of a terahertz receiver based on a superconducting integrated receiver Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.  
  Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 035003  
  Keywords (up) SIS mixer, SIR, stability  
  Abstract We present the results of stability testing of a terahertz radiometer based on a superconducting receiver with a SIS tunnel junction as the mixer and a flux-flow oscillator as the local oscillator. In the continuum mode, the receiver with a noise temperature of 95 K at 510 GHz measured over the intermediate frequency (IF) passband of 4-8 GHz offered a noise equivalent temperature difference of 10 ± 1 mK at an integration time of 1 s. We offer a method to significantly increase the integration time without the use of complex measurement equipment. The receiver observed a strong signal over a final detection bandwidth of 4 GHz and offered an Allan time of 5 s.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 705  
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Author Marsili, Francesco; Najafi, Faraz; Herder, Charles; Berggren, Karl K. openurl 
  Title Electrothermal simulation of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 98 Issue 9 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SNAP  
  Abstract We developed an electrothermal model of NbN superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors (SNAPs) on sapphire substrates. SNAPs are single-photon detectors consisting of the parallel connection of N superconducting nanowires. We extrapolated the physical constants of the model from experimental data and we simulated the time evolution of the device resistance, temperature and current by solving two coupled electrical and thermal differential equations describing the nanowires. The predictions of the model were in good quantitative agreement with the experimental results.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 658  
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Author Baek, Burm; Lita, Adriana E.; Verma, Varun; Nam, Sae Woo openurl 
  Title Superconducting a-WxSi1–x nanowire single-photon detector with saturated internal quantum efficiency from visible to 1850 nm Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.  
  Volume 98 Issue 25 Pages 3  
  Keywords (up) SNSPD  
  Abstract We have developed a single-photon detector based on superconducting amorphous tungsten–silicon alloy (a-WxSi1–x) nanowire. Our device made from a uniform a-WxSi1–x nanowire covers a practical detection area (16 μm×16 μm) and shows high sensitivity featuring a plateau of the internal quantum efficiencies, i.e., efficiencies of generating an electrical pulse per absorbed photon, over a broad wavelength and bias range. This material system for superconducting nanowire detector technology could overcome the limitations of the prevalent nanowire devices based on NbN and lead to more practical, ideal single-photon detectors having high efficiency, low noise, and high count rates.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 665  
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Author Marsili, Francesco; Najafi, Faraz; Dauler, Eric; Bellei, Francesco; Hu, Xiaolong; Csete, Maria; Molnar, Richard J.; Berggren, Karl K. openurl 
  Title Single-photon detectors based on ultranarrow superconducting nanowires Type Journal Article
  Year 2011 Publication Nano Letters Abbreviated Journal Nano Lett.  
  Volume 11 Issue 5 Pages 2048–2053  
  Keywords (up) SNSPD  
  Abstract We report efficient single-photon detection (η = 20% at 1550 nm wavelength) with ultranarrow (20 and 30 nm wide) superconducting nanowires, which were shown to be more robust to constrictions and more responsive to 1550 nm wavelength photons than standard superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, based on 90 nm wide nanowires. We also improved our understanding of the physics of superconducting nanowire avalanche photodetectors, which we used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of ultranarrow-nanowire detectors by a factor of 4, thus relaxing the requirements on the read-out circuitry and making the devices suitable for a broader range of applications.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 659  
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