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| Author |
Williams, Benjamin S. |
| Title |
Terahertz quantum-cascade lasers |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
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Nature Photonics |
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1 |
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517-525 |
Keywords  |
QCL review |
| Abstract |
Six years after their birth, terahertz quantum-cascade lasers can now deliver milliwatts or more of continuous-wave coherent radiation throughout the terahertz range — the spectral regime between millimetre and infrared wavelengths, which has long resisted development. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and future prospects for these lasers, including efforts to increase their operating temperatures, deliver higher output powers and emit longer wavelengths. |
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632 |
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Kumar, Sushil; Chan, Chun Wang I.; Hu, Qing; Reno, John L. |
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A 1.8-THz quantum cascade laser operating significantly above the temperature of hw/k |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Nature Physics |
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7 |
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166-171 |
| Keywords |
QCL, 2 mW at 155 K and 1.8 THz |
| Abstract |
Several competing technologies continue to advance the field of terahertz science; of particular importance has been the development of a terahertz semiconductor quantum cascade laser (QCL), which is arguably the only solid-state terahertz source with average optical power levels of much greater than a milliwatt. Terahertz QCLs are required to be cryogenically cooled and improvement of their temperature performance is the single most important research goal in the field. Thus far, their maximum operating temperature has been empirically limited to ~planckω/kB, a largely inexplicable trend that has bred speculation that a room-temperature terahertz QCL may not be possible in materials used at present. Here, we argue that this behaviour is an indirect consequence of the resonant-tunnelling injection mechanism employed in all previously reported terahertz QCLs. We demonstrate a new scattering-assisted injection scheme to surpass this limit for a 1.8-THz QCL that operates up to ~1.9planckω/kB (163 K). Peak optical power in excess of 2 mW was detected from the laser at 155 K. This development should make QCL technology attractive for applications below 2 THz, and initiate new design strategies for realizing a room-temperature terahertz semiconductor laser. |
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631 |
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Lydersen, Lars; Wiechers, Carlos; Wittmann, Christoffer; Elser, Dominique; Skaar, Johannes; Makarov, Vadim |
| Title |
Hacking commercial quantum cryptography systems by tailored bright illumination |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
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Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
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4 |
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10 |
Pages |
686 - 689 |
| Keywords |
quantum cryptography, hacking, QKD, APD |
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The peculiar properties of quantum mechanics allow two remote parties to communicate a private, secret key, which is protected from eavesdropping by the laws of physics. So-called quantum key distribution (QKD) implementations always rely on detectors to measure the relevant quantum property of single photons. Here we demonstrate experimentally that the detectors in two commercially available QKD systems can be fully remote-controlled using specially tailored bright illumination. This makes it possible to tracelessly acquire the full secret key; we propose an eavesdropping apparatus built of off-the-shelf components. The loophole is likely to be present in most QKD systems using avalanche photodiodes to detect single photons. We believe that our findings are crucial for strengthening the security of practical QKD, by identifying and patching technological deficiencies. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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657 |
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Takesue, Hiroki; Nam, Sae Woo; Zhang, Qiang; Hadfield, Robert H.; Honjo, Toshimori; Tamaki, Kiyoshi; Yamamoto, Yoshihisa |
| Title |
Quantum key distribution over a 40-dB channel loss using superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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Nature Photonics |
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Nat. Photon. |
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1 |
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343-348 |
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quantum cryptography, SSPD, QKD, DSP |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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609 |
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Kawano, Yukio; Ishibashi, Koji |
| Title |
An on-chip near-field terahertz probe and detector |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
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Nature Photon |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
618-621 |
| Keywords |
single molecule, terahertz, THz, near-field, microscopy, imaging, 2DEG, GaAs/AlGaAs, detector, applications |
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The advantageous properties of terahertz waves, such as their transmission through objects opaque to visible light, are attracting attention for imaging applications. A promising approach for achieving high spatial resolution is the use of near-field imaging. Although this method has been well established in the visible and microwave regions, it is challenging to perform in the terahertz region. In the terahertz techniques investigated to date, detectors have been located remotely from the probe, which degrades sensitivity, and the influence of far-field waves is unavoidable. Here we present a new integrated detection device for terahertz near-field imaging in which all the necessary detection components — an aperture, a probe and a terahertz detector — are integrated on one semiconductor chip, which is cryogenically cooled. This scheme allows highly sensitive, high-resolution detection of the evanescent field alone and promises new capabilities for high-resolution terahertz imaging. |
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1749-4885 |
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no |
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570 |
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