|
|
Lindgren, M., Currie, M., Zeng, W. - S., Sobolewski, R., Cherednichenko, S., Voronov, B., et al. (1998). Picosecond response of a superconducting hot-electron NbN photodetector. Appl. Supercond., 6(7-9), 423–428.
Abstract: The ps optical response of ultrathin NbN photodetectors has been studied by electro-optic sampling. The detectors were fabricated by patterning ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) NbN films deposited on sapphire by reactive magnetron sputtering into either a 5×10 μm2 microbridge or 25 1 μm wide, 5 μm long strips connected in parallel. Both structures were placed at the center of a 4 mm long coplanar waveguide covered with Ti/Au. The photoresponse was studied at temperatures ranging from 2.15 K to 10 K, with the samples biased in the resistive (switched) state and illuminated with 100 fs wide laser pulses at 395 nm wavelength. At T=2.15 K, we obtained an approximately 100 ps wide transient, which corresponds to a NbN detector response time of 45 ps. The photoresponse can be attributed to the nonequilibrium electron heating effect, where the incident radiation increases the temperature of the electron subsystem, while the phonons act as the heat sink. The high-speed response of NbN devices makes them an excellent choice for an optoelectronic interface for superconducting digital circuits, as well as mixers for the terahertz regime. The multiple-strip detector showed a linear dependence on input optical power and a responsivity =3.9 V/W.
|
|
|
|
Zhang, W., Li, N., Jiang, L., Miao, W., Lin, Z. - H., Yao, Q. - J., et al. (2007). Noise behaviour of a THz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer. Chinese Phys. Lett., 24(6), 1778–1781.
Abstract: A quasi-optical superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer is measured in the frequency range of 0.5–2.5 THz for understanding of the frequency dependence of noise temperature of THz coherent detectors. It has been found that noise temperature increasing with frequency is mainly due to the coupling loss between the quasi-optical planar antenna and the superconducting HEB bridge when taking account of non-uniform distribution of high-frequency current. With the coupling loss corrected, the superconducting HEB mixer demonstrates a noise temperature nearly independent of frequency.
|
|
|
|
Dauler, E. A., Kerman, A. J., Robinson, B. S., Yang, J. K. W., Voronov, B. M., Gol’tsman, G. N., et al. (2006). Achieving high counting rates in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. In CLEO/QELS (JTuD3 (1 to 2)). Optical Society of America.
Abstract: Kinetic inductance is determined to be the primary limitation to the counting rate of superconducting nanowire single-photon counters. Approaches for overcoming this limitation will be discussed.
|
|
|
|
Rosfjord, K. M., Yang, J. K. W., Dauler, E. A., Anant, V., Berggren, K. K., Kerman, A. J., et al. (2006). Increased detection efficiencies of nanowire single-photon detectors by integration of an optical cavity and anti-reflection coating. In CLEO/QELS (JTuF2 (1 to 2)).
Abstract: We fabricate and test superconducting NbN-nanowire single-photon detectors with an integrated optical cavity and anti-reflection coating. We design the cavity and coating such as to maximize absorption in the NbN film of the detector.
|
|
|
|
Zhang, J., Boiadjieva, N., Chulkova, G., Deslandes, H., Gol'tsman, G. N., Korneev, A., et al. (2003). Noninvasive CMOS circuit testing with NbN superconducting single-photon detectors. Electron. Lett., 39(14), 1086–1088.
Abstract: The 3.5 nm thick-film, meander-structured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been implemented in the CMOS circuit-testing system based on the detection of near-infrared photon emission from switching transistors and have significantly improved the performance of the system. Photon emissions from both p- and n-MOS transistors have been observed.
|
|
|
|
Florya, I. N., Korneeva, Y. P., Sidorova, M. V., Golikov, A. D., Gaiduchenko, I. A., Fedorov, G. E., et al. (2015). Energy relaxtation and hot spot formation in superconducting single photon detectors SSPDs. In EPJ Web of Conferences (Vol. 103, 10004 (1 to 2)).
Abstract: We have studied the mechanism of energy relaxation and resistive state formation after absorption of a single photon for different wavelengths and materials of single photon detectors. Our results are in good agreement with the hot spot model.
|
|
|
|
Fedorov, G. E., Gaiduchenko, I. A., Golikov, A. D., Rybin, M. G., Obraztsova, E. D., Voronov, B. M., et al. (2015). Response of graphene based gated nanodevices exposed to THz radiation. In EPJ Web of Conferences (Vol. 103, 10003 (1 to 2)).
Abstract: In this work we report on the response of asymmetric graphene based devices to subterahertz and terahertz radiation. Our devices are made in a configuration of a field-effect transistor with conduction channel between the source and drain electrodes formed with a CVD-grown graphene. The radiation is coupled through a spiral antenna to source and top gate electrodes. Room temperature responsivity of our devices is close to the values that are attractive for commercial applications. Further optimization of the device configuration may result in appearance of novel terahertz radiation detectors.
|
|
|
|
Hübers, H. - W., Semenov, A., Richter, H., Birk, M., Krocka, M., Mair, U., et al. (2002). Terahertz Heterodyn Receiver with a hot-electron bolometer mixer. In U. Wolf, J. Farhoomand, & C. R. McCreight (Eds.), Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop (pp. 3–24). NASA CP. NASA.
Abstract: During the past decade major advances have been made regarding low noise mixers for terahertz (THz) heterodyne receivers. State of the art hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixers have noise temperatures close to the quantum limit and require less than a µW power from the local oscillator (LO). The technology is now at a point where the performance of a practical receiver employing such mixer, rather than the figures of merit of the mixer itself, are of major concern. We have incorporated a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer in a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver and investigated the performance of the receiver. This yields important information for the development of heterodyne receivers such as GREAT (German receiver for astronomy at THz frequencies aboard SOFIA) [1] and TELIS (Terahertz limb sounder), a balloon borne heterodyne receiver for atmospheric research [2]. Both are currently under development at DLR.
|
|
|
|
Matyushkin, Y., Kaurova, N., Voronov, B., Goltsman, G., & Fedorov, G. (2020). On chip carbon nanotube tunneling spectroscopy. Fullerenes, Nanotubes and Carbon Nanostructures, 28(1), 50–53.
Abstract: We report an experimental study of the band structure of individual carbon nanotubes (SCNTs) based on investigation of the tunneling density of states, i.e. tunneling spectroscopy. A common approach to this task is to use a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). However, this approach has a number of drawbacks, to overcome which, we propose another method – tunneling spectroscopy of SCNTs on a chip using a tunneling contact. This method is simpler, cheaper and technologically advanced than the STM. Fabrication of a tunnel contact can be easily integrated into any technological route, therefore, a tunnel contact can be used, for example, as an additional tool in characterizing any devices based on individual CNTs. In this paper we demonstrate a simple technological procedure that results in fabrication of good-quality tunneling contacts to carbon nanotubes.
|
|
|
|
Tong, C. E., Blundell, R., Papa, D. C., Smith, M., Kawamura, J., Gol'tsman, G., et al. (1999). An all solid-state superconducting heterodyne receiver at terahertz frequencies. IEEE Microw. Guid. Wave Lett., 9(9), 366–368.
Abstract: A superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer-receiver operating from 1 to 1.26 THz has been developed. This heterodyne receiver employs two solid-state local oscillators each consisting of a Gunn oscillator followed by two stages of varactor frequency multiplication. The measured receiver noise temperature is 1350 K at 1.035 THz and 2700 K at 1.26 THz. This receiver demonstrates that tunable solid-state local oscillators, supplying only a few micro-watts of output power, can be used in terahertz receiver applications.
|
|
