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| Author |
Venkatasubramanian, Chandrasekaran; Cabarcos, Orlando M.; Allara, David L. Horn, Mark W.; Ashok, S. |
| Title |
Correlation of temperature response and structure of annealed VOx thin films for IR detector applications |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication  |
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A |
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| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
6 |
| Keywords |
Annealing |
| Abstract |
The effects of thermal annealing on vanadium oxide (VOx) thin films prepared by pulsed-dc magnetron sputtering were studied to explore methods of improving the efficiency of uncooled IR imaging microbolometers, particularly with respect to maximizing the temperature coefficients of resistance (TCR) (typically ~2%) while minimizing resistivity values (typically 0.05–5 Ω cm). Since high TCR values are usually associated with high resistivities, the experiments were designed to find processing conditions that provide an optimal balance in these properties and to then determine the underlying structural correlations which would enable rational design of thin films for this specific application. VOx films of different compositions were deposited by pulsed-dc reactive sputtering from a vanadium target at different oxygen flow rates. The deposited films were further modified by annealing in inert (nitrogen) and oxidizing (oxygen) atmospheres at four different temperatures for 10, 20, or 30 min at a time. The resistivities of the as-deposited films ranged from 0.2 to 13 Ω cm and the TCR values varied from –1.6% to –2.2%. Depending on the exact annealing conditions, several orders of magnitude change in resistance and significant variations in TCR were observed. Optimal results were obtained with annealing in a nitrogen atmosphere. Structural characterization by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy indicated changes in the film crystallinity and phase for annealing conditions over 300 °C with the onset and extent of the changes dependent on which annealing atmosphere was used. |
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Annealing |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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690 |
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Fiore, A.; Marsili, F.; Bitauld, D.; Gaggero, A.; Leoni, R.; Mattioli, F.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Minaeva, O.; Gol’tsman, G. |
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Counting photons using a nanonetwork of superconducting wires |
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Conference Article |
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2009 |
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Nano-Net |
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120-122 |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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We show how the parallel connection of photo-sensitive superconducting nanowires can be used to count the number of photons in an optical pulse, down to the single-photon level. Using this principle we demonstrate photon-number resolving detectors with unprecedented sensitivity and speed at telecommunication wavelengths. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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Berlin, Heidelberg |
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Cheng, M. |
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978-3-642-02427-6 |
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10.1007/978-3-642-02427-6_20 |
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1242 |
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Marksteiner, M.; Divochiy, A.; Sclafani, M.; Haslinger, P.; Ulbricht, H.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M. |
| Title |
A superconducting NbN detector for neutral nanoparticles |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Nanotechnol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nanotechnol. |
| Volume |
20 |
Issue |
45 |
Pages |
455501 |
| Keywords |
SSPD; SNSPD; *Electric Conductivity; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure; Nanotechnology/*methods; *Photons |
| Abstract |
We present a proof-of-principle study of superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD) for the detection of individual neutral molecules/nanoparticles at low energies. The new detector is applied to characterize a laser desorption source for biomolecules and allows retrieval of the arrival time distribution of a pulsed molecular beam containing the amino acid tryptophan, the polypeptide gramicidin as well as insulin, myoglobin and hemoglobin. We discuss the experimental evidence that the detector is actually sensitive to isolated neutral particles. |
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University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. markus.arndt@univie.ac.at |
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English |
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0957-4484 |
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PMID:19822928 |
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1239 |
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Hadfield, Robert H. |
| Title |
Single-photon detectors for optical quantum information applications |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Nature Photonics |
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Nature Photonics |
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3 |
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Pages |
696-705 |
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SPD |
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The past decade has seen a dramatic increase in interest in new single-photon detector technologies. A major cause of this trend has undoubtedly been the push towards optical quantum information applications such as quantum key distribution. These new applications place extreme demands on detector performance that go beyond the capabilities of established single-photon detectors. There has been considerable effort to improve conventional photon-counting detectors and to transform new device concepts into workable technologies for optical quantum information applications. This Review aims to highlight the significant recent progress made in improving single-photon detector technologies, and the impact that these developments will have on quantum optics and quantum information science. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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678 |
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Sahu, Mitrabhanu; Bae, Myung-Ho; Rogachev, Andrey; Pekker, David; Wei, Tzu-Chieh; Shah, Nayana; Goldbart, Paul M.; Bezryadin, Alexey |
| Title |
Individual topological tunnelling events of a quantum field probed through their macroscopic consequences |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Nature Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature Phys. |
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5 |
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Pages |
503-508 |
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phase slips, superconducting nanowires |
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Phase slips are topological fluctuations that carry the superconducting order-parameter field between distinct current-carrying states. Owing to these phase slips, superconducting nanowires acquire electrical resistance. In such wires, it is well known that at higher temperatures phase slips occur through the process of thermal barrier-crossing by the order-parameter field. At low temperatures, the general expectation is that phase slips should proceed through quantum tunnelling events, which are known as quantum phase slips. However, resistive measurements have produced evidence both for and against the occurrence of quantum phase slips. Here, we report evidence for the observation of individual quantum phase-slip events in homogeneous ultranarrow wires at high bias currents. We accomplish this through measurements of the distribution of switching currents for which the width exhibits a rather counter-intuitive, monotonic increase with decreasing temperature. Importantly, measurements show that in nanowires with larger critical currents, quantum fluctuations dominate thermal fluctuations up to higher temperatures. |
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Recommended by Klapwijk |
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no |
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928 |
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| Author |
Zurek, Wojciech Hubert |
| Title |
Quantum Darwinism |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Nature Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nat. Phys. |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
181-188 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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Quantum Darwinism describes the proliferation, in the environment, of multiple records of selected states of a quantum system. It explains how the quantum fragility of a state of a single quantum system can lead to the classical robustness of states in their correlated multitude; shows how effective `wave-packet collapse' arises as a result of the proliferation throughout the environment of imprints of the state of the system; and provides a framework for the derivation of Born's rule, which relates the probabilities of detecting states to their amplitudes. Taken together, these three advances mark considerable progress towards settling the quantum measurement problem. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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799 |
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Shor, Peter W. |
| Title |
Quantum information theory: The bits don't add up |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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5 |
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247 - 248 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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A counterexample to the 'additivity question', the most celebrated open problem in the mathematical theory of quantum information, casts doubt on the possibility of finding a simple expression for the information capacity of a quantum channel. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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800 |
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Trabesinger, Andreas |
| Title |
Quantum mechanics: Shaken foundations |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
Nature Physics |
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Nat. Phys. |
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5 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
863 |
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fromIPMRAS |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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802 |
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Stucki, D.; Walenta, N.; Vannel, F.; Thew, R.T.; Gisin, N.; Zbinden, H.; Gray, S.; Towery, C. R.; Ten, S. |
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High rate long-distance quantum key distribution over 250 km of ultra low loss fibres |
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2009 |
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New J. Phys. |
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11 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
075003 |
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SSPD, quantum cryptography, QKD, COW |
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We present a fully automated quantum key distribution prototype running at 625 MHz clock rate. Taking advantage of ultra low loss fibres and low-noise superconducting detectors, we can distribute 6,000 secret bits per second over 100 km and 15 bits per second over 250km. |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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610 |
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Stucki, Damien; Barreiro, Claudio; Fasel, Sylvain; Gautier, Jean-Daniel; Gay, Olivier; Gisin, Nicolas; Thew, Rob; Thoma, Yann; Trinkler, Patrick; Vannel, Fabien; Zbinden, Hugo |
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Continuous high speed coherent one-way quantum key distribution |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
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Optics Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Express |
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17 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
13326-13334 |
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quantum cryptography, QKD, PNS, SSPD, coherent one way, COW |
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Quantum key distribution (QKD) is the first commercial quantum technology operating at the level of single quanta and is a leading light for quantum-enabled photonic technologies. However, controlling these quantum optical systems in real world environments presents significant challenges. For the first time, we have brought together three key concepts for future QKD systems: a simple high-speed protocol; high performance detection; and integration both, at the component level and for standard fibre network connectivity. The QKD system is capable of continuous and autonomous operation, generating secret keys in real time. Laboratory and field tests were performed and comparisons made with robust InGaAs avalanche photodiodes and superconducting detectors. We report the first real world implementation of a fully functional QKD system over a 43dB-loss (150km) transmission line in the Swisscom fibre optic network where we obtained average real-time distribution rates over 3 hours of 2.5bps. |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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602 |
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