Lindgren, M., Zorin, M. A., Trifonov, V., Danerud, M., Winkler, D., Karasik, B. S., et al. (1994). Optical mixing in a patterned YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film. Appl. Phys. Lett., 65(26), 3398–3400.
Abstract: Mixing of 1.56 µm infrared radiation from two lasers in a high quality YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film, patterned to parallel strips, was demonstrated. A mixer bandwidth of 18 GHz, limited by the measurement system, was obtained. A model based on nonequilibrium electron heating gives a good fit to the data and predicts an intrinsic mixer bandwidth in excess of 100 GHz, operating in the whole infrared spectrum. Reduction of bolometric effects and ways to decrease the conversion loss of the mixer is discussed. The minimum conversion loss is expected to be ~10 dB.
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Gerecht, E., Musante, C. F., Yngvesson, K. S., Waldman, J., Gol'tsman, G. N., Yagoubov, P. A., et al. (1997). Optical coupling and conversion gain for NbN HEB mixer at THz frequencies. In Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. (pp. 47–50).
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Bell, M., Sergeev, A., Mitin, V., Bird, J., Verevkin, A., & Gol'tsman, G. (2007). One-dimensional resistive states in quasi-two-dimensional superconductors. arXiv:0709.0709v1 [cond-mat.supr-con], , 1–11.
Abstract: We investigate competition between one- and two-dimensional topological excitations – phase slips and vortices – in formation of resistive states in quasi-two-dimensional superconductors in a wide temperature range below the mean-field transition temperature T(C0). The widths w = 100 nm of our ultrathin NbN samples is substantially larger than the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length ξ = 4nm and the fluctuation resistivity above T(C0) has a two-dimensional character. However, our data shows that the resistivity below T(C0) is produced by one-dimensional excitations, – thermally activated phase slip strips (PSSs) overlapping the sample cross-section. We also determine the scaling phase diagram, which shows that even in wider samples the PSS contribution dominates over vortices in a substantial region of current/temperature variations. Measuring the resistivity within seven orders of magnitude, we find that the quantum phase slips can only be essential below this level.
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Kovalyuk, V., Ferrari, S., Kahl, O., Semenov, A., Shcherbatenko, M., Lobanov, Y., et al. (2017). On-chip coherent detection with quantum limited sensitivity. Sci Rep, 7(1), 4812.
Abstract: While single photon detectors provide superior intensity sensitivity, spectral resolution is usually lost after the detection event. Yet for applications in low signal infrared spectroscopy recovering information about the photon's frequency contributions is essential. Here we use highly efficient waveguide integrated superconducting single-photon detectors for on-chip coherent detection. In a single nanophotonic device, we demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 86% on-chip detection efficiency, as well as heterodyne coherent detection with spectral resolution f/f exceeding 10(11). By mixing a local oscillator with the single photon signal field, we observe frequency modulation at the intermediate frequency with ultra-low local oscillator power in the femto-Watt range. By optimizing the nanowire geometry and the working parameters of the detection scheme, we reach quantum-limited sensitivity. Our approach enables to realize matrix integrated heterodyne nanophotonic devices in the C-band wavelength range, for classical and quantum optics applications where single-photon counting as well as high spectral resolution are required simultaneously.
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Boyarskii, D. A., Gershenzon, V. E., Gershenzon, E. M., Gol'tsman, G. N., Ptitsina, N. G., Tikhonov, V. V., et al. (1996). On the possibility of determining the microstructural parameters of an oil-bearing layer from radiophysical measurement data. J. of Communications Technology and Electronics, 41(5), 408–414.
Abstract: A method for the reconstruction of microstructural properties of an oil-bearing rock from the spectral dependence of the transmission factor of submillimeter waves is proposed.
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Bell, M., Kaurova, N., Divochiy, A., Gol'tsman, G., Bird, J., Sergeev, A., et al. (2007). On the nature of resistive transition in disordered superconducting nanowires. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 17(2), 267–270.
Abstract: Hot-electron single-photon counters based on long superconducting nanowires are starting to become popular in optical and infrared technologies due to their ultimately high sensitivity and very high response speed. We investigate intrinsic fluctuations in long NbN nanowires in the temperature range of 4.2 K-20 K, i.e. above and below the superconducting transition. These fluctuations are responsible for fluctuation resistivity and also determine the noise in practical devices. Measurements of the fluctuation resistivity were performed at low current densities and also in external magnetic fields up to 5 T. Above the BCS critical temperature T co the resistivity is well described by the Aslamazov-Larkin (AL) theory for two-dimensional samples. Below T co the measured resistivity is in excellent agreement with the Langer-Ambegaokar-McCumber-Halperin (LAMH) theory developed for one-dimensional superconductors. Despite that our nanowires of 100 nm width are two-dimensional with respect to the coherence length, our analysis shows that at relatively low current densities the one-dimensional LAMH mechanism based on thermally induced phase slip centers dominates over the two-dimensional mechanism related to unbinding of vortex-antivortex pairs below the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.
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Gershenzon, E. M., Gol'tsman, G. N., & Ptitsina, N. G. (1972). Observation of the free-exciton spectrum at submillimeter wavelengths. JETP Lett., 16(4), 161–162.
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Gershenzon, E. M., Gol'tsman, G. N., & Kagane, M. L. (1978). Observation of free carrier resonances in p-type germanium at submillimeter wavelengths. Sov. Phys. Solid State, 20(4), 573–579.
Abstract: The spectrum of hole resonances in pure p-Ge for submillimetre in quantizing magnetic fields has been studied and identified. Measurements of photoconductivity spectra of p-Ge were made in the wave range lambda = 2-0.3 mm at temp. of 4.2-15 deg K in magnetic fields H up to 40 Measurements at various frequencies showed that the position of a series of characteristic resonances depends on the frequency of the illumination. This is in line with theoretical conclusions about the effective mass of the carriers increasing with rise in the magnetic field as a result of the interaction of the edge of the valency band with the split spin-orbital interaction of the sub 7 exp + band and the conduction band. The relative intensity of the quantum resonance lines of the free holes depends on the excitation conditions.
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Gershenzon, E. M., Gershenzon, M. E., Gol'tsman, G. N., Semenov, A. D., & Sergeev, A. V. (1982). Nonselective effect of electromagnetic radiation on a superconducting film in the resistive state. JETP Lett., 36(7), 296–299.
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Zhang, J., Boiadjieva, N., Chulkova, G., Deslandes, H., Gol'tsman, G. N., Korneev, A., et al. (2003). Noninvasive CMOS circuit testing with NbN superconducting single-photon detectors. Electron. Lett., 39(14), 1086–1088.
Abstract: The 3.5 nm thick-film, meander-structured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been implemented in the CMOS circuit-testing system based on the detection of near-infrared photon emission from switching transistors and have significantly improved the performance of the system. Photon emissions from both p- and n-MOS transistors have been observed.
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