| Records |
| Author |
Shcheslavskiy, V.; Morozov, P.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Yu.; Smirnov, K.; Becker, W. |
| Title |
Ultrafast time measurements by time-correlated single photon counting coupled with superconducting single photon detector |
Type  |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Rev. Sci. Instrum. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
87 |
Issue |
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Pages |
053117 (1 to 5) |
| Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD, TCSPC, jitter |
| Abstract |
Time resolution is one of the main characteristics of the single photon detectors besides quantum efficiency and dark count rate. We demonstrate here an ultrafast time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) setup consisting of a newly developed single photon counting board SPC-150NX and a superconducting NbN single photon detector with a sensitive area of 7 × 7 μm. The combination delivers a record instrument response function with a full width at half maximum of 17.8 ps and system quantum efficiency ~5% at wavelength of 1560 nm. A calculation of the root mean square value of the timing jitter for channels with counts more than 1% of the peak value yielded about 7.6 ps. The setup has also good timing stability of the detector–TCSPC board. |
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no |
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1077 |
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| Author |
Vorobyov, V. V.; Kazakov, A. Y.; Soshenko, V. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Shalaginov, M. Y.; Bolshedvorskii, S. V.; Sorokin, V. N.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Smirnov, K. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Shalaev, V. M.; Akimov, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Superconducting detector for visible and near-infrared quantum emitters [Invited] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Opt. Mater. Express |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Mater. Express |
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
513-526 |
| Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
Further development of quantum emitter based communication and sensing applications intrinsically depends on the availability of robust single-photon detectors. Here, we demonstrate a new generation of superconducting single-photon detectors specifically optimized for the 500–1100 nm wavelength range, which overlaps with the emission spectrum of many interesting solid-state atom-like systems, such as nitrogen-vacancy and silicon-vacancy centers in diamond. The fabricated detectors have a wide dynamic range (up to 350 million counts per second), low dark count rate (down to 0.1 counts per second), excellent jitter (62 ps), and the possibility of on-chip integration with a quantum emitter. In addition to performance characterization, we tested the detectors in real experimental conditions involving nanodiamond nitrogen-vacancy emitters enhanced by a hyperbolic metamaterial. |
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| ISSN |
2159-3930 |
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no |
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1234 |
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| Author |
Shangina, E. L.; Smirnov, K. V.; Morozov, D. V.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Verevkin, A. A.; Toropov, A. I. |
| Title |
Frequency bandwidth and conversion loss of a semiconductor heterodyne receiver with phonon cooling of two-dimensional electrons |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Semicond. |
| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1427-1429 |
| Keywords |
2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures mixers |
| Abstract |
The temperature and concentration dependences of the frequency bandwidth of terahertz heterodyne AlGaAs/GaAs detectors based on hot electron phenomena with phonon cooling of two-dimensional electrons have been measured by submillimeter spectroscopy with a high time resolution. At a temperature of 4.2 K, the frequency bandwidth at a level of 3 dB (f 3 dB) is varied from 150 to 250 MHz with a change in the concentration n s according to the power law f 3dB ∝ n −0.5 s due to the dominant contribution of piezoelectric phonon scattering. The minimum conversion loss of the semiconductor heterodyne detector is obtained in structures with a high carrier mobility (μ > 3 × 105 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 4.2 K). |
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1063-7826 |
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Полоса и потери преобразования полупроводникового смесителя с фононным каналом охлаждения двумерных электронов |
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no |
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Serial |
1216 |
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| Author |
Shangina, E. L.; Smirnov, K. V.; Morozov, D. V.; Kovalyuk, V. V.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Verevkin, A. A.; Toropov, A. I. |
| Title |
Concentration dependence of the intermediate frequency bandwidth of submillimeter heterodyne AlGaAs/GaAs nanostructures |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. |
| Volume |
74 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
100-102 |
| Keywords |
2DEG AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, THz heterodyne detectors, IF bandwidth |
| Abstract |
The concentration dependence of the intermediate frequency bandwidth of heterodyne AlGaAs/GaAs detectors with 2D electron gas is measured using submillimeter spectroscopy with high time resolution at T= 4.2 K. The intermediate frequency bandwidth f3dBfalls from 245 to 145 MHz with increasing concentration of 2D electrons n s = (1.6-6.6) × 10[su11] cm-2. The dependence f3dB ≈ n s – 0.04±is observed in the studied concentration range; this dependence is determined by electron scattering by the deformation potential of acoustic phonons and piezoelectric scattering. |
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1062-8738 |
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no |
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1217 |
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Moshkova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Morozov, P.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Antipov, A.; Zolotov, P.; Seleznev, V.; Ahmetov, M.; Smirnov, K. |
| Title |
High-performance superconducting photon-number-resolving detectors with 86% system efficiency at telecom range |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B |
| Volume |
36 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
B20 |
| Keywords |
NbN PNR SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
The use of improved fabrication technology, highly disordered NbN thin films, and intertwined section topology makes it possible to create high-performance photon-number-resolving superconducting single-photon detectors (PNR SSPDs) that are comparable to conventional single-element SSPDs at the telecom range. The developed four-section PNR SSPD has simultaneously an 86±3% system detection efficiency, 35 cps dark count rate, ∼2 ns dead time, and maximum 90 ps jitter. An investigation of the PNR SSPD’s detection efficiency for multiphoton events shows good uniformity across sections. As a result, such a PNR SSPD is a good candidate for retrieving the photon statistics for light sources and quantum key distribution systems. |
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0740-3224 |
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no |
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1225 |
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| Author |
Baeva, E. M.; Sidorova, M. V.; Korneev, A. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Divochy, A. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Zolotov, P. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Semenov, A. V.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Khrapai, V. S.; Goltsman, G. N. |
| Title |
Thermal properties of NbN single-photon detectors |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
064063 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
We investigate thermal properties of a NbN single-photon detector capable of unit internal detection efficiency. Using an independent calibration of the coupling losses, we determine the absolute optical power absorbed by the NbN film and, via resistive superconductor thermometry, the temperature dependence of the thermal resistance Z(T) of the NbN film. In principle, this approach permits simultaneous measurement of the electron-phonon and phonon-escape contributions to the energy relaxation, which in our case is ambiguous because of the similar temperature dependencies. We analyze Z(T) with a two-temperature model and impose an upper bound on the ratio of electron and phonon heat capacities in NbN, which is surprisingly close to a recent theoretical lower bound for the same quantity in similar devices. |
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| ISSN |
2331-7019 |
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no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1226 |
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| Author |
Divochiy, A.; Misiaszek, M.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Zolotov, P.; Kolenderski, P. |
| Title |
Single photon detection system for visible and infrared spectrum range |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Opt. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Opt. Lett. |
| Volume |
43 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
6085-6088 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
We demonstrate niobium nitride based superconducting single-photon detectors sensitive in the spectral range 452-2300 nm. The system performance was tested in a real-life experiment with correlated photons generated by means of spontaneous parametric downconversion, where one photon was in the visible range and the other was in the infrared range. We measured a signal to noise ratio as high as 4x10(4) in our detection setting. A photon detection efficiency as high as 64% at 1550 nm and 15% at 2300 nm was observed. |
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English |
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0146-9592 |
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https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.04273 |
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no |
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1227 |
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| Author |
Smirnov, K.; Divochiy, A.; Vakhtomin, Y.; Morozov, P.; Zolotov, P.; Antipov, A.; Seleznev, V. |
| Title |
NbN single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Supercond. Sci. Technol. |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
035011 (1 to 8) |
| Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
The possibility of creating NbN superconducting single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current was investigated. It was shown that the saturation increases for the detectors based on finer films with a lower value of Rs300/Rs20. The decreasing of Rs300/Rs20 was related to the increasing influence of quantum corrections to conductivity of superconductors and, in turn, to the decrease of the electron diffusion coefficient. The best samples have a constant value of system QE 94% at Ib/Ic ~ 0.8 and wavelength 1310 nm. |
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0953-2048 |
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no |
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1232 |
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Smirnov, K. V.; Divochiy, A. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Sidorova, M. V.; Karpova, U. V.; Morozov, P. V.; Seleznev, V. A.; Zotova, A. N.; Vodolazov, D. Y. |
| Title |
Rise time of voltage pulses in NbN superconducting single photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
| Volume |
109 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
052601 |
| Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
| Abstract |
We have found experimentally that the rise time of voltage pulse in NbN superconducting single photon detectors increases nonlinearly with increasing the length of the detector L. The effect is connected with dependence of resistance of the detector Rn, which appears after photon absorption, on its kinetic inductance Lk and, hence, on the length of the detector. This conclusion is confirmed by our calculations in the framework of two temperature model.
D.Yu.V. acknowledges the support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 15-42-02365). K.V.S. acknowledges the financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Contract No. 3.2655.2014/K). |
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| ISSN |
0003-6951 |
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no |
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1236 |
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Lobanov, Y. V.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.; Pentin, I. V.; Rosental, V. A.; Smirnov, K. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Volkov, O. Y.; Dyuzhikov, I. N.; Galiev, R. R.; Ponomarev, D. S.; Khabibullin, R. A. |
| Title |
Time-resolved measurements of light–current characteristic and mode competition in pulsed THz quantum cascade laser |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Optical Engineering |
Abbreviated Journal |
Optical Engineering |
| Volume |
60 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1-8 |
| Keywords |
HEB, terahertz pulse generation, terahertz pulse detection, QCL, quantum cascade laser, superconducting hot electron bolometer |
| Abstract |
Quantum cascade lasers (QCL) are widely adopted as prominent and easy-to-use solid-state sources of terahertz radiation. Yet some applications require generation and detection of very sharp and narrow terahertz-range pulses with a specific spectral composition. We have studied time-resolved light-current (L–I) characteristics of multimode THz QCL operated with a fast ramp of the injection current. Detection of THz pulses was carried out using an NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer with the time constant of the order of 1 ns while the laser bias current was swept during a single driving pulse. A nonmonotonic behavior of the L–I characteristic with several visually separated subpeaks was found. This behavior is associated with the mode competition in THz QCL cavity, which we confirm by L–I measurements with use of an external Fabry–Perot interferometer for a discrete mode selection. We also have demonstrated the possibility to control the L–I shape with suppression of one of the subpeaks by simply adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror for optimal optical alignment for one of the laser modes. The developed technique paves the way for rapid characterization of pulsed THz QCLs for further studies of the possibilities of using this approach in remote sensing. |
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Spie |
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10.1117/1.Oe.60.8.082019 |
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1260 |
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