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| Author |
Ryabchun, Sergey; Tong, Cheuk-Yu Edward; Paine, Scott; Lobanov, Yury; Blundell, Raymond; Goltsman, Gregory |
| Title |
Temperature resolution of an HEB receiver at 810 GHz |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Volume  |
19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
293-296 |
| Keywords |
HEB mixer |
| Abstract |
We present the results of direct measurements of the temperature resolution of an HEB receiver operating at 810 GHz, in both continuum and spectroscopic modes. In the continuum mode, the input of the receiver was switched between black bodies with different physical temperatures. With a system noise temperature of around 1100 K, the receiver was able to resolve loads which differed in temperature by about 1 K over an integration time of 5 seconds. This resolution is significantly worse than the value of 0.07 K given by the radiometer equation. In the spectroscopic mode, a gas cell filled with carbonyl sulphide (OCS) gas was used and the emission line at 813.3537060 GHz was measured using the receiver in conjunction with a digital spectrometer. From the observed spectra, we determined that the measurement uncertainty of the equivalent emission temperature was 2.8 K for an integration time of 0.25 seconds and a spectral resolution of 12 MHz, compared to a 1.4 K temperature resolution given by the radiometer equation. This relative improvement is due to the fact that at short integration times the contribution from 1/f noise and drift are less dominant. In both modes, the temperature resolution was improved by about 40% with the use of a feedback loop which adjusted the level of an injected microwave radiation to maintain a constant operating current of the HEB mixer. This stabilization scheme has proved to be very effective to keep the temperature resolution of the HEB receiver to close to the theoretical value given by the radiometer equation. |
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Xiaolong Hu; Holzwarth, C.W.; Masciarelli, D.; Dauler, E.A.; Berggren, K.K. |
| Title |
Efficiently coupling light to superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
336-340 |
| Keywords |
optical antennas; SNSPD |
| Abstract |
We designed superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with silver optical antennae for free-space coupling and a dielectric waveguide for fiber coupling. According to our finite-element simulation, (1) for the free-space coupling, the absorptance of the NbN nanowire for TM-polarized photons at the wavelength of 1550 nm can be as high as 96% by adding silver optical antennae; (2) for the fiber coupling, the absorptance of the NbN nanowire for TE-like-polarized photons can reach 76% including coupling efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm by adding a silicon nitride waveguide and an inverse-taper coupler. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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647 |
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Yang, J.K.W.; Kerman, A.J.; Dauler, E.A.; Cord, B.; Anant, V.; Molnar, R.J.; Berggren, K.K. |
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Suppressed critical current in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors with high fill-factors |
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Journal Article |
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2009 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
318-322 |
| Keywords |
SNSPD |
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In this work we present a new fabrication process that enabled the fabrication of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors SNSPD with fill-factors as high as 88% with gaps between nanowires as small as 12 nm. This fabrication process combined high-resolution electron-beam lithography with photolithography. Although this work was motivated by the potential of increased detection efficiency with higher fill-factor devices, test results showed an unexpected systematic suppression in device critical currents with increasing fill-factor. |
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RPLAB @ gujma @ |
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677 |
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Torgashin, M. Yu.; Koshelets, V. P.; Dmitriev, P. N.; Ermakov, A. B.; Filippenko, L. V.; Yagoubov, P. A. |
| Title |
Superconducting integrated receivers based on Nb-AlN-NbN circuits |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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17 |
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2 |
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379-382 |
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RPLAB @ s @ mix_SIR_ieee_trans_2007 |
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406 |
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Gol'tsman, G.; Minaeva, O.; Korneev, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Rubtsova, I.; Divochiy, A.; Milostnaya, I.; Chulkova, G.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Pan, D.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Komissarov, I.; Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Grabiec, P.; Sobolewski, R. |
| Title |
Middle-infrared to visible-light ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2007 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
246-251 |
| Keywords |
SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present an overview of the state-of-the-art of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs). Our devices exhibit quantum efficiency (QE) of up to 30% in near-infrared wavelength and 0.4% at 5 mum, with a dark-count rate that can be as low as 10 -4 s -1 . The SSPD structures integrated with lambda/4 microcavities achieve a QE of 60% at telecommunication, 1550-nm wavelength. We have also developed a new generation of SSPDs that possess the QE of large-active-area devices, but, simultaneously, are characterized by low kinetic inductance that allows achieving short response times and the GHz-counting rate with picosecond timing jitter. The improvements presented in the SSPD development, such as fiber-coupled SSPDs, make our detectors most attractive for high-speed quantum communications and quantum computing. |
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1051-8223 |
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431 |
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