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Author Hocker, L. O.; Sokoloff, D. R.; Daneu, V.; Szoke, A.; Javan, A. openurl 
  Title Frequency mixing in the infrared and far-infrared using a metal-to-metal point contact diode Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1968 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl Phys Lett  
  Volume 12 Issue 12 Pages  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Metal‐to‐metal point contact diodes were used to obtain the 54‐GHz beat notes between two adjacent 10.6‐μ CO2 laser transitions. The speed of the diodes in the far‐infrared is at least 1000 GHz. This was tested with a 337‐μ HCN laser.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 742  
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Author Boreman, Glenn D. openurl 
  Title Infrared microantennas Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 1997 Publication SPIE Abbreviated Journal SPIE  
  Volume 3110 Issue Pages 882-885  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract We present results of mesurments of the polarization response of asymetric spiral antennas coupled Ni-NiO-Ni diodes, over the wavelength range 10.2 to 10.7 μm. The feed structure of the antenna imposes an elliptical polarization singature that is different from the circular polarization expected from a symmetric spiral. We develop a lossy-transmission-line model yielding the measured polarization response. A combination of a balanced and an unbalanced mode is required. Reflected current waves from the arm ends are significant.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 755  
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Author Boreman, Glenn D. openurl 
  Title A Users guide to IR detectors Type Conference Article
  Year (up) 2001 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE  
  Volume 4420 Issue Pages 79-90  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract This paper will guide the first-time user toward proper selection and use of IR detectors for applications in industrial inspection, process control, and laser measurements.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 735  
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Author Codreanu, Iulian; Boreman, Glenn D. openurl 
  Title Infrared microstrip dipole antennas Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2001 Publication Microwave and Optical Technology Letters Abbreviated Journal Microw Opt Technol Lett  
  Volume 29 Issue 6 Pages 381-383  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Abstract 10.1002/mop.1184.abs We report on the successful use of niobium microbolometers coupled to microstrip dipole antennas for the detection of midinfrared radiation. Measurements of the detector response versus antenna length performed at the 10.6 μm wavelength allowed us to identify the first three current-wave resonances along the antenna arms. The detector response was also measured as a function of the radiation wavelength in the 911 μm spectral domain. Excellent agreement between the experimental results and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) predictions was obtained.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 738  
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Author Puscasu, Irina; Boreman, Glenn D. openurl 
  Title Theoretical and experimental analysis of transmission and enchanced absorption of frequency selective surfaces in the infrared Type Conference Article
  Year (up) 2001 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE  
  Volume 4293 Issue Pages 185-190  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract A comparative study between theory and experiment is presented for transmission through lossy frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) on silicon in the 2 – 15 micrometer range. Important parameters controlling the resonance shape and location are identified: dipole length, spacing, impedance, and dielectric surroundings. Their separate influence is exhibited. The primary resonance mechanism of FSSs is the resonance of the individual metallic patches. There is no discernable resonance arising from a feed-coupled configuration. The real part of the element's impedance controls the minimum value of transmission, while scarcely affecting its location. Varying the imaginary part shifts the location of resonance, while only slightly changing the minimum value of transmission. With such fine-tuning, it is possible to make a good fit between theory and experiment near the dipole resonance on any sample. A fixed choice of impedance can provide a reasonable fit to all samples fabricated under the same conditions. The dielectric surroundings change the resonance wavelength of the FSS compared to its value in air. The presence of FSS on the substrate increases the absorptivity/emissivity of the surface in a resonant way. Such enhancement is shown for dipole and cross arrays at several wavelengths.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 753  
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Author González, Francisco Javier; Alda, Javier; Ilic, Bojan; Boreman, Glenn D. openurl 
  Title Infrared Antennas Coupled to Lithographic Fresnel Zone Plate Lenses Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2004 Publication Applied Optics Abbreviated Journal Appl. Opt.  
  Volume 43 Issue 33 Pages 6067-6073  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Several designs for Fresnel zone plate lenses (FZPLs) to be used in conjunction with antenna-coupled infrared detectors have been fabricated and tested. The designs comprise square and circular FZPLs with different numbers of Fresnel zones working in transmissive or reflective modes designed to focus infrared energy on a square-spiral antenna connected to a microbolometer. A 163× maximum increase in response was obtained from a 15-zone circular FZPL in the transmissive mode. Sensor measurements of normalized detectivity D* resulted in a 2.67× increase with FZPLs compared with measurements made of square-spiral antennas without FZPLs. The experimental results are discussed and compared with values obtained from theoretical calculations.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 740  
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Author Kramer, B.; Chen, C-C.; Volakis, J.D. openurl 
  Title The development of a mini-UWB antenna Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2004 Publication Measurement and Techniques Association Symposium Abbreviated Journal AMTA  
  Volume Issue Pages 6  
  Keywords optical antennas; Ultra Wide Band; Spiral Antenna, Dielectric Loading  
  Abstract There is a great interest in the automotive and military sectors for small and broadband antennas that meet modern communication needs. These needs require ultra-wide bandwidth (>10:1) UWB antennas, such as the spiral antenna. However, the physical size at the low-frequency end typically becomes too large for practical applications. To reduce the size of the antenna, miniaturization techniques must be employed such as the use of high-contrast dielectric materials. Size reduction using high-contrast materials has been demonstrated for narrowband antennas, such as patch antennas, but not for broadband antennas to our knowledge. Therefore, the concept of miniaturizing a broadband spiral antenna using dielectric materials will be investigated experimentally and numerically.Issues that arise from dielectric loading such as impedance reduction will also be addressed. It will be shown using the results from these studies that there are practical limitations to the amount of miniaturization which can be achieved.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 751  
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Author Alda, Javier; Rico-García, José M.; López-Alonso, José M.; Boreman, G. openurl 
  Title Optical antennas for nano-photonic applications Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2005 Publication Nanotechnology Abbreviated Journal Nanotech.  
  Volume 16 Issue 5 Pages S230-S234  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Antenna-coupled optical detectors, also named optical antennas, are being developed and proposed as alternative detection devices for the millimetre, infrared, and visible spectra. Optical and infrared antennas represent a class of optical components that couple electromagnetic radiation in the visible and infrared wavelengths in the same way as radioelectric antennas do at the corresponding wavelengths. The size of optical antennas is in the range of the detected wavelength and they involve fabrication techniques with nanoscale spatial resolution. Optical antennas have already proved and potential advantages in the detection of light showing polarization dependence, tuneability, and rapid time response. They also can be considered as point detectors and directionally sensitive elements. So far, these detectors have been thoroughly tested in the mid-infrared with some positive results in the visible. The measurement and characterization of optical antennas requires the use of an experimental set-up with nanometric resolution. On the other hand, a computation simulation of the interaction between the material structures and the incoming electromagnetic radiation is needed to explore alternative designs of practical devices.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 734  
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Author González, F. J.; Boreman, G. D. openurl 
  Title Comparison of dipole, bowtie, spiral and log-periodic IR antennas Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2005 Publication Infrared Physics & Technology Abbreviated Journal Inf Phys & Technol  
  Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 418-428  
  Keywords optical antennas; Microbolometer; Infrared antennas; Antenna efficiency; Antenna-coupled detectors  
  Abstract Antenna-coupled microbolometers use planar lithographic antennas to couple infrared radiation into a bolometer with sub-micron dimensions. In this paper four different types of infrared antennas were fabricated on thin grounded-substrates and coupled to microbolometers. Dipole, bowtie, spiral and log-periodic IR antenna-coupled detectors were measured at 10.6 μm and their performance compared. A new method to calculate the radiation efficiency based on the spatial and angular response of infrared antennas is presented and used to evaluate their performance. The calculated radiation efficiency for the dipole, bowtie, spiral and log-periodic IR antennas was 20%, 37%, 25% and 46% respectively. A dipole-length study was performed and shows that the quasistatic value of the effective permittivity accurately describes the incident wavelength in the substrate at infrared frequencies for antennas on a thin substrate.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 739  
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Author Gonzalez, F.J.; Ilic, B.; Alda, J.; Boreman, G.D. openurl 
  Title Antenna-coupled infrared detectors for imaging applications Type Journal Article
  Year (up) 2005 Publication IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron. Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 11 Issue 1 Pages 117 - 120  
  Keywords optical antennas  
  Abstract Infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) are a critical component in advanced infrared imaging systems. IRFPAs are made up of two parts, a detector array and a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) multiplexer. Current ROIC technology has typical pitch sizes of 20×20 to 50×50 μm2. In order to make antenna-coupled detectors suited for infrared imaging systems, two-dimensional (2-D) arrays have been fabricated that cover a whole pixel area with the penalty of increasing the noise figure of the detector and, therefore, reducing its performance. By coupling a Fresnel zone plate lens to a single element antenna-coupled detector, infrared radiation can be collected over a typical pixel area and still keep low-noise levels. A Fresnel zone plate lens coupled to a single-element square-spiral-coupled infrared detector has been fabricated and its performance compared to single element antenna-coupled detectors and 2-D arrays of antenna coupled detectors. Measurements made at 10.6 μm showed a two-order-of-magnitude increase in SNR and a ~× increase in D* as compared to 2-D arrays of antenna-coupled detectors.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 741  
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