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Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Ilin, K.; Siegel, M.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Goltsman, G.; Vodolazov, D.; Hübers, H.-W. |
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Title |
Effect of the wire width on the intrinsic detection efficiency of superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors |
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Journal Article |
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2014 |
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J. Appl. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Phys. |
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116 |
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4 |
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043906 (1 to 9) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, TaN |
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A thorough spectral study of the intrinsic single-photon detection efficiency in superconducting TaN and NbN nanowires with different widths has been performed. The experiment shows that the cut-off of the intrinsic detection efficiency at near-infrared wavelengths is most likely controlled by the local suppression of the barrier for vortex nucleation around the absorption site. Beyond the cut-off quasi-particle diffusion in combination with spontaneous, thermally activated vortex crossing explains the detection process. For both materials, the reciprocal cut-off wavelength scales linearly with the wire width where the scaling factor agrees with the hot-spot detection model. |
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0021-8979 |
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1357 |
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Zolotov, P.; Semenov, A.; Divochiy, A.; Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
A comparison of VN and NbN thin films towards optimal SNSPD efficiency |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
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IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. |
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31 |
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5 |
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1-4 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, WSi |
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Based on early phenomenological ideas about the operation of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPD or SNSPD), it was expected that materials with a lower superconducting gap should perform better in the IR range. The plausibility of this concept could be checked using two popular SSPD materials – NbN and WSi films. However, these materials differ strongly in crystallographic structure (polycrystalline B1 versus amorphous), which makes their dependence on disorder different. In our work we present a study of the single-photon response of SSPDs made from two disordered B1 structure superconductors – vanadium nitride and niobium nitride thin films. We compare the intrinsic efficiency of devices made from films with different sheet resistance values. While both materials have a polycrystalline structure and comparable diffusion coefficient values, VN films show metallic behavior over a wide range of sheet resistance, in contrast to NbN films with an insulator-like temperature dependence of resistivity, which may be partially due to enhanced Coulomb interaction, leading to different starting points for the normal electron density of states. The results show that even though VN devices are more promising in terms of theoretical predictions, their optimal performance was not reached due to lower values of sheet resistance. |
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1051-8223 |
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1223 |
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Verevkin, A.; Slysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Currie, M. |
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Title |
Real-time GHz-rate counting of infrared photons using nanostructured NbN superconducting detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2003 |
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CLEO/QELS |
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CLEO/QELS |
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CThM8 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD; SNSPD; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Detectors; Photon counting; Quantum communications; Quantum cryptography; Single photon detectors; Superconductors |
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We demonstrate that our ultrathin, nanometer-width NbN superconducting single-photon detectors are capable of above 1-GHz-frequency, real-time counting of near-infrared photons. The measured system jitter of the detector is below 15 ps. |
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Optical Society of America |
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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference |
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no |
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1517 |
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Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Lo, W.; Wilsher, K. |
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Title |
Infrared picosecond superconducting single-photon detectors for CMOS circuit testing |
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Conference Article |
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2003 |
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CLEO/QELS |
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CLEO/QELS |
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Cmv4 |
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NbN SSPD; SNSPD; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Electron beam lithography; Infrared detectors; Infrared radiation; Quantum efficiency; Single photon detectors; Superconductors |
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Novel, NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been developed for ultrafast, high quantum efficiency detection of single quanta of infrared radiation. Our devices have been successfully implemented in a commercial VLSI CMOS circuit testing system. |
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Optical Society of America |
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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference |
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no |
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1518 |
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Heeres, R.W.; Dorenbos, S.N.; Koene, B.; Solomon, G.S.; Kouwenhoven, L.P.; Zwiller, V. |
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On-Chip Single Plasmon Detection |
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Journal Article |
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2010 |
Publication |
Nano Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nano Lett. |
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10 |
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661-664 |
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optical antennas; SSPD; Single surface plasmons; superconducting detectors; semiconductor quantum dots; nanophotonics |
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Surface plasmon polaritons (plasmons) have the potential to interface electronic and optical devices. They could prove extremely useful for integrated quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate on-chip electrical detection of single plasmons propagating along gold waveguides. The plasmons are excited using the single-photon emission of an optically emitting quantum dot. After propagating for several micrometers, the plasmons are coupled to a superconducting detector in the near-field. Correlation measurements prove that single plasmons are being detected. |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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620 |
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Korneev, Alexander; Golt'sman, Gregory; Pernice, Wolfram |
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Title |
Photonic integration meets single-photon detection |
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Miscellaneous |
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2015 |
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Laser Focus World |
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Laser Focus World |
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51 |
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5 |
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47-50 |
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optical waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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By embedding superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) in nanophotonic circuits, these waveguide-integrated detectors are a key building block for future on-chip quantum computing applications. |
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RPLAB @ akorneev @ |
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1126 |
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Author |
Goltsman, G. |
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Superconducting thin film as infrared heterodyne and direct detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
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16th ISEC |
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16th ISEC |
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1-3 |
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optical waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chip-quantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device. |
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8314188 |
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1323 |
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Sprengers, J.P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A. |
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Waveguide single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits |
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Conference Article |
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2011 |
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arXiv |
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arXiv |
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1108.5107 |
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1-11 |
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optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD |
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The generation, manipulation and detection of quantum bits (qubits) encoded on single photons is at the heart of quantum communication and optical quantum information processing. The combination of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits and single-photon detectors enables quantum repeaters and qubit amplifiers, and also forms the basis of all-optical quantum gates and of linear-optics quantum computing. However, the monolithic integration of sources, waveguides and detectors on the same chip, as needed for scaling to meaningful number of qubits, is very challenging, and previous work on quantum photonic circuits has used external sources and detectors. Here we propose an approach to a fully-integrated quantum photonic circuit on a semiconductor chip, and demonstrate a key component of such circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (20%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (60 ps), response time in the ns range, and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks and modulators. |
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846 |
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Sprengers, J. P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Jahanmirinejad, S.; Frucci, G.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A. |
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Waveguide superconducting single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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Applied Physics Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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99 |
Issue |
18 |
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181110(1-3) |
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optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD |
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The monolithic integration of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits, and single-photon detectors enables complex and scalable quantum photonic integrated circuits, for application in linear-optics quantum computing and quantum communications. Here, we demonstrate a key component of such a circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (~0%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (~0 ps), and response time in the ns range and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks, and modulators. |
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847 |
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Pernice, W.; Schuck, C.; Minaeva, O.; Li, M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Sergienko, A. V.; Tang, H. X. |
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High speed and high efficiency travelling wave single-photon detectors embedded in nanophotonic circuits |
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Miscellaneous |
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2012 |
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arXiv |
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arXiv |
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1108.5299 |
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1-23 |
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optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD, guantum photonics, jitter, detection efficiency |
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Ultrafast, high quantum efficiency single photon detectors are among the most sought-after elements in modern quantum optics and quantum communication. High photon detection efficiency is essential for scalable measurement-based quantum computation, quantum key distribution, and loophole-free Bell experiments. However, imperfect modal matching and finite photon absorption rates have usually limited the maximum attainable detection efficiency of single photon detectors. Here we demonstrate a superconducting nanowire detector atop nanophotonic waveguides which allows us to drastically increase the absorption length for incoming photons. When operating the detectors close to the critical current we achieve high on-chip single photon detection efficiency up to 91% at telecom wavelengths, with uncertainty dictated by the variation of the waveguide photon flux. We also observe remarkably low dark count rates without significant compromise of detection efficiency. Furthermore, our detectors are fully embedded in a scalable silicon photonic circuit and provide ultrashort timing jitter of 18ps. Exploiting this high temporal resolution we demonstrate ballistic photon transport in silicon ring resonators. The direct implementation of such a detector with high quantum efficiency, high detection speed and low jitter time on chip overcomes a major barrier in integrated quantum photonics. |
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