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Gol'tsman, G.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Antipov, A.; Divochiy, A.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Pan, D.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Komissarov, I.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Title |
Middle-infrared to visible-light ultrafast superconducting single-photon detector |
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2006 |
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Proc. ASC |
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Seattle |
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RPLAB @ s @ SSPD_cavity_ASC |
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389 |
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Verevkin, A.; Slysz, W.; Pearlman, A.; Zhang, J.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Currie, M. |
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Real-time GHz-rate counting of infrared photons using nanostructured NbN superconducting detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2003 |
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CLEO/QELS |
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CLEO/QELS |
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CThM8 |
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NbN SSPD; SNSPD; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Detectors; Photon counting; Quantum communications; Quantum cryptography; Single photon detectors; Superconductors |
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Abstract |
We demonstrate that our ultrathin, nanometer-width NbN superconducting single-photon detectors are capable of above 1-GHz-frequency, real-time counting of near-infrared photons. The measured system jitter of the detector is below 15 ps. |
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Optical Society of America |
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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference |
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no |
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1517 |
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Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Smimov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Spectral sensitivity and temporal resolution of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2002 |
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Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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Proc. 13th Int. Symp. Space Terahertz Technol. |
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105-111 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We report our studies on spectral sensitivity and time resolution of superconducting NbN thin film single-photon detectors (SPDs). Our SPDs exhibit an everimentally measured detection efficiencies (DE) from — 0.2% at 2=1550 nm up to —3% at lambda=405 nm wavelength for 10-nm film thickness devices and up to 3.5% at lambda=1550 nm for 3.5-nm film thickness devices. Spectral dependences of detection efficiency (DE) at 2=0.4 —3.0 pm range are presented. With variable optical delay setup, it is shown that NbN SPD potentially can resolve optical pulses with the repetition rate up to 10 GHz at least. The observed full width at the half maximum (FWHM) of the signal pulse is about 150-180 ps, limited by read-out electronics. The jitter of NbN SPD is measured to be —35 ps at optimum biasing. |
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1528 |
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Rubtsova, I.; Korneev, A.; Matvienko, V.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Goltsman, G.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R. |
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Spectral sensitivity, quantum efficiency, and noise equivalent power of NbN superconducting single-photon detectors in the IR range |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proc. 29th IRMMW / 12th THz |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. 29th IRMMW / 12th THz |
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461-462 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We have developed nanostructured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors capable of GHz-rate photon counting in the 0.4 to 5 /spl mu/m wavelength range. Quantum efficiency of 30%, dark count rate 3/spl times/10/sup -4/ s/sup -1/, and NEP=10/sup -20/ W/Hz/sup -1/2/ have been measured at the 1.3-/spl mu/m wavelength for the device operating at 2.0 K. |
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1507 |
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Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Lo, W.; Wilsher, K. |
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Title |
Infrared picosecond superconducting single-photon detectors for CMOS circuit testing |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
CLEO/QELS |
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CLEO/QELS |
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Cmv4 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD; SNSPD; Infrared; Quantum detectors; Electron beam lithography; Infrared detectors; Infrared radiation; Quantum efficiency; Single photon detectors; Superconductors |
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Novel, NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been developed for ultrafast, high quantum efficiency detection of single quanta of infrared radiation. Our devices have been successfully implemented in a commercial VLSI CMOS circuit testing system. |
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Optical Society of America |
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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference |
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no |
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1518 |
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Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, Roman |
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Ultrafast NBN hot-electron single-photon detectors for electronic applications |
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2002 |
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Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM |
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Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present a new, simple to manufacture, single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths of optical radiation and combines high speed of operation, high quantum efficiency (QE), and very low dark counts. The devices are superconducting and operate at temperature below 5 K. The physics of operation of our SPD is based on formation of a photon-induced resistive hotspot and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconductor. |
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8th IUMRS International Conference on Electronic Materials |
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1532 |
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Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Gol'tsman, G. |
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Ultimate sensitivity of superconducting single-photon detectors in the visible to infrared range |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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ResearchGate |
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ResearchGate |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our quantum efficiency (QE) and noise equivalent power (NEP) measurements of the meandertype ultrathin NbN superconducting single-photon detector in the visible to infrared radiation range. The nanostructured devices with 3.5-nm film thickness demonstrate QE up to~ 10% at 1.3–1.55 µm wavelength, and up to 20% in the entire visible range. The detectors are sensitive to infrared radiation with the wavelengths down to~ 10 µm. NEP of about 2× 10-18 W/Hz1/2 was obtained at 1.3 µm wavelength. Such high sensitivity together with GHz-range counting speed, make NbN photon counters very promising for efficient, ultrafast quantum communications and another applications. We discuss the origin of dark counts in our devices and their ultimate sensitivity in terms of the resistive fluctuations in our superconducting nanostructured devices. |
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Not attributed to any publisher! File name: PR9VervekinSfin_f.doc; Author: JAOLEARY; Last modification date: 2004-02-26 |
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1751 |
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Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Rubtsova, I.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Gol’tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Pearlman, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Slysz, W. |
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Superconducting nanostructures for counting of single photons in the infrared range |
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2005 |
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Proc. 2-nd CAOL |
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Proc. 2-nd CAOL |
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2 |
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100-103 |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our studies on ultrafast superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) based on ultrathin NbN nanostructures. Our SSPDs are patterned by electron beam lithography from 4-nm thick NbN film into meander-shaped strips covering square area of 10/spl times/10 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. The advances in the fabrication technology allowed us to produce highly uniform 100-120-nm-wide strips with meander filling factor close to 0.6. The detectors exploit a combined detection mechanism, where upon a single-photon absorption, an avalanche of excited hot electrons and the biasing supercurrent, jointly produce a picosecond voltage transient response across the superconducting nanostrip. The SSPDs are typically operated at 4.2 K, but they have shown that their sensitivity in the infrared radiation range can be significantly improved by lowering the operating temperature from 4.2 K to 2 K. When operated at 2 K, the SSPD quantum efficiency (QE) for visible light photons reaches 30-40%, which is the saturation value limited by optical absorption of our 4-nm-thick NbN film. For 1.55 /spl mu/m photons, QE was /spl sim/20% and decreases exponentially with the increase of the optical wavelength, but even at the wavelength of 6 /spl mu/m the detector remains sensitive to single photons and exhibits QE of about 10/sup -2/%. The dark (false) count rate at 2 K is as low as 2 /spl times/ 10/sup -4/ s/sup -1/, what makes our detector essentially a background-limited sensor. The very low dark-count rate results in the noise equivalent power (NEP) as low as 10/sup -18/ WHz/sup -1/2/ for the mid-infrared range (6 /spl mu/m). Further improvement of the SSPD performance in the mid-infrared range can be obtained by substituting NbN for the other, lower-T/sub c/ superconductors with the narrow superconducting gap and low quasiparticle diffusivity. The use of such materials will shift the cutoff wavelength towards the values even longer than 6 /spl mu/m. |
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Second International Conference on Advanced Optoelectronics and Lasers |
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1461 |
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Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Wilsher, K.; Lo, W.; Okunev, O.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Chulkova, G.; Gol’tsman, G. N. |
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A superconducting single-photon detector for CMOS IC probing |
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Conference Article |
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2003 |
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Proc. 16-th LEOS |
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Proc. 16-th LEOS |
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2 |
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602-603 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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In this paper, a novel, time-resolved, NbN-based, superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) has been developed for probing CMOS integrated circuits (ICs) using photon emission timing analysis (PETA). |
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The 16th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society, 2003. LEOS 2003. |
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1510 |
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Reiger, E.; Pan, D.; Slysz, W.; Jukna, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Dorenbos, S.; Zwiller, V.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J. |
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Spectroscopy with nanostructured superconducting single photon detectors |
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2007 |
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IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. |
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IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. |
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13 |
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4 |
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934-943 |
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SSPD, SNSPD |
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Superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are nanostructured devices made from ultrathin superconducting films. They are typically operated at liquid helium temperature and exhibit high detection efficiency, in combination with very low dark counts, fast response time, and extremely low timing jitter, within a broad wavelength range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared (up to 6 mu m). SSPDs are very attractive for applications such as fiber-based telecommunication, where single-photon sensitivity and high photon-counting rates are required. We review the current state-of-the-art in the SSPD research and development, and compare the SSPD performance to the best semiconducting avalanche photodiodes and other superconducting photon detectors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SSPDs can also be successfully implemented in photon-energy-resolving experiments. Our approach is based on the fact that the size of the hotspot, a nonsuperconducting region generated upon photon absorption, is linearly dependent on the photon energy. We introduce a statistical method, where, by measuring the SSPD system detection efficiency at different bias currents, we are able to resolve the wavelength of the incident photons with a resolution of 50 nm. |
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1077-260X |
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