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Author Sprengers, J.P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Nejad, S. Jahanmiri; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A.
Title Waveguide single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits Type Conference Article
Year 2011 Publication arXiv Abbreviated Journal arXiv
Volume 1108.5107 Issue Pages 1-11
Keywords optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD
Abstract The generation, manipulation and detection of quantum bits (qubits) encoded on single photons is at the heart of quantum communication and optical quantum information processing. The combination of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits and single-photon detectors enables quantum repeaters and qubit amplifiers, and also forms the basis of all-optical quantum gates and of linear-optics quantum computing. However, the monolithic integration of sources, waveguides and detectors on the same chip, as needed for scaling to meaningful number of qubits, is very challenging, and previous work on quantum photonic circuits has used external sources and detectors. Here we propose an approach to a fully-integrated quantum photonic circuit on a semiconductor chip, and demonstrate a key component of such circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (20%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (60 ps), response time in the ns range, and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks and modulators.
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Call Number Serial 846
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Author Sprengers, J. P.; Gaggero, A.; Sahin, D.; Jahanmirinejad, S.; Frucci, G.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Beetz, J.; Lermer, M.; Kamp, M.; Höfling, S.; Sanjines, R.; Fiore A.
Title Waveguide superconducting single-photon detectors for integrated quantum photonic circuits Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Applied Physics Letters Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 99 Issue 18 Pages 181110(1-3)
Keywords optical waveguides, waveguide SSPD
Abstract The monolithic integration of single-photon sources, passive optical circuits, and single-photon detectors enables complex and scalable quantum photonic integrated circuits, for application in linear-optics quantum computing and quantum communications. Here, we demonstrate a key component of such a circuit, a waveguide single-photon detector. Our detectors, based on superconducting nanowires on GaAs ridge waveguides, provide high efficiency (~0%) at telecom wavelengths, high timing accuracy (~0 ps), and response time in the ns range and are fully compatible with the integration of single-photon sources, passive networks, and modulators.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language (up) Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 847
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Author Inderbitzin, K.; Engel, A.; Schilling, A.; Il'in, K.; Siegel, M.
Title An ultra-fast superconducting Nb nanowire single-photon detector for soft x-rays Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 101 Issue Pages
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, x-ray, Nb
Abstract Although superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are well studied regarding the

detection of infrared/optical photons and keV-molecules, no studies on continuous x-ray photon

counting by thick-film detectors have been reported so far. We fabricated a 100 nm thick niobium

x-ray SNSPD (an X-SNSPD) and studied its detection capability of photons with keV-energies in

continuous mode. The detector is capable to detect photons even at reduced bias currents of 0.4%,

which is in sharp contrast to optical thin-film SNSPDs. No dark counts were recorded in extended

measurement periods. Strikingly, the signal amplitude distribution depends significantly on the photon

energy spectrum.VC
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ seleznev @ Serial 878
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Author Julia Toussaint, Roman Grüner, Marco Schubert, Torsten May, Hans-Georg Meyer, Benjamin Dietzek, Jürgen Popp, Matthias Hofherr, Matthias Arndt, Dagmar Henrich, Konstantin Il'in, and Michael Siegel
Title Superconducting single-photon counting system for optical experiments requiring time-resolution in the picosecond range Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal AIP REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
Volume 83 Issue Pages
Keywords SSPD, picosecond, time-resolution
Abstract We have developed a cryogenic measurement system for single-photon counting, which can be used

in optical experiments requiring high time resolution in the picosecond range. The system utilizes

niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors which are integrated in a timecorrelated

single-photon counting (TCSPC) setup. In this work, we describe details of the mechanical

design, the electrical setup, and the cryogenic optical components. The performance of the complete

system in TCSPC mode is tentatively benchmarked using 140 fs long laser pulses at a repetition

frequency of 75MHz. Due to the high temporal stability of these pulses, the measured time resolution

of 35 ps (FWHM) is limited by the timing jitter of the measurement system. The result was crosschecked

in a Coherent Anti-stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) setup, where scattered pulses from a

β-barium borate crystal have been detected with the same time resolution.
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Call Number RPLAB @ seleznev @ Serial 885
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Author Ferrari, S.; Kahl, O.; Kovalyuk, V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Korneev, A.; Pernice, W. H. P.
Title Waveguide-integrated single- and multi-photon detection at telecom wavelengths using superconducting nanowires Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 106 Issue 15 Pages 151101 (1 to 5)
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We investigate single- and multi-photon detection regimes of superconducting nanowire detectors embedded in silicon nitride nanophotonic circuits. At near-infrared wavelengths, simultaneous detection of up to three photons is observed for 120 nm wide nanowires biased far from the critical current, while narrow nanowires below 100 nm provide efficient single photon detection. A theoretical model is proposed to determine the different detection regimes and to calculate the corresponding internal quantum efficiency. The predicted saturation of the internal quantum efficiency in the single photon regime agrees well with plateau behavior observed at high bias currents.

W. H. P. Pernice acknowledges support by the DFG Grant Nos. PE 1832/1-1 and PE 1832/1-2 and the Helmholtz society through Grant No. HIRG-0005. The Ph.D. education of O. Kahl is embedded in the Karlsruhe School of Optics and Photonics (KSOP). G. N. Goltsman acknowledges support by Russian Federation President Grant HШ-1918.2014.2 and Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Contract No.: RFMEFI58614X0007. A. Korneev acknowledges support by Statement Task No. 3.1846.2014/k. V. Kovalyuk acknowledges support by Statement Task No. 2327. We also acknowledge support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the State of Baden-Württemberg through the DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures (CFN) within subproject A6.4. We thank S. Kühn and S. Diewald for the help with device fabrication as well as B. Voronov and A. Shishkin for help with NbN thin film deposition and A. Semenov for helpful discussion about the detection mechanism of nanowire SSPD's.

The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language (up) Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1211
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