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Author Jiang, L.; Zhang, W.; Yao, Q. J.; Lin, Z. H.; Li, J.; Shi, S. C.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Kaurova, N. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Characterization of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proc. PIERS Abbreviated Journal Proc. PIERS
Volume 1 Issue 5 Pages 587-590
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract In this paper, we report the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB (hot electron bolome-ter) mixer measured at 500 GHz. The quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer is cryogenically cooled bya 4-K close-cycled refrigerator. Its receiver noise temperature and conversion gain are thoroughly investigatedfor different LO pumping levels and dc biases. The lowest receiver noise temperature is found to be approxi-mately 1200 K, and reduced to about 445 K after correcting theloss of the measurement system. The stabilityof the mixer’s IF output power is also demonstrated.
Address Hangzhou, China
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ISSN 1931-7360 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1482
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Author Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Gao, J. R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title Low noise NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers at 1.9 and 2.5 THz Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 17 Issue 5 Pages S224-S228
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometer mixers (HEBs) have been realized with negligible contact resistance between the bolometer itself and the contact structure. Using a combination of in situ cleaning of the NbN film and the use of an additional superconducting interlayer of a 10 nm NbTiN layer between the Au of the contact structure and the NbN film superior noise temperatures have been obtained as low as 950 K at 2.5 THz and 750 K at 1.9 THz. Here we address in detail the DC characterization of these devices, the interface transparencies between the bolometers and the contacts and the consequences of these factors on the mixer performance.
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ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 558
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Submillimeter spectroscopy of semiconductors Type Journal Article
Year 1973 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 299-304
Keywords semiconductors, submillimeter spectroscopy, spectrometer, BWO, Ge, free excitons
Abstract The possibility is considered of carrying out submillimeter-wave spectral investigations of semiconductors by means of a high resolution spectrometer with backward-wave tubes. Results of a study of the excitation spectra of small impurities, D-(A +) centers and free excitons in germanium are presented.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1735
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Investigation of free excitons in Ge and their condensation at submillimeter wavelengths Type Journal Article
Year 1976 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 43 Issue 1 Pages 116-122
Keywords Ge, free excitons
Abstract Results are presented of an investigation of free excitons in Ge in the submillimeter wavelength range for low as well as for high excitation levels when interaction between the excitons becomes important. The free-exciton energy spectrum is discussed. It is shown that the drop radii and their concentrations can be determined by measuring the temperature dependence of the free-exciton concentration. A section of the phase diagram is obtained in the 0.5-2.8 K temperature range for the free excitons+condensate system.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1731
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.
Title Energy spectrum of the donors in GaAs and Ge and its reaction to a magnetic field Type Journal Article
Year 1977 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 555-565
Keywords Ge, GaAs, magnetic field, donors, energy spectrum
Abstract The spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of n-GaAs and n-Ge in a magnetic field up to 60 kOe at helium temperatures was investigated. A large number of lines due to transitions between excited states of the donors have been investigated, and the measurement results were used to determine a number of levels of the energy spectrum in a wide range of magnetic fields. For GaAs, these data are compared with calculations of the energy spectrum of the hydrogen atom in magnetic fields up to -2X lo9 Oe. For the donors in Ge, the energy spectrum is investigated at different orientations of the magnetic field relative to the crystallographic axes (H 11 [loo], [I 1 I], [110]), and these results are also compared with the corresponding calculations.
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Call Number Serial 1728
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kagane, M. L.
Title Energy spectrum of acceptors in germanium and its response to a magnetic field Type Journal Article
Year 1977 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 45 Issue 4 Pages 769-776
Keywords p-Ge, photoconductivity, energy spectrum, magnetic field
Abstract We investigated the spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of p-Ge at helium temperatures and the effects of a magnetic field up to 40 kOe on the spectrum. A large number of lines of transitions between the excited states of the acceptors was observed, some of the lines were identified, and the energies of a number of spectral levels B, Al, Ga, In, and TI in Ge were identified. The results are compared with calculations and with experimental data obtained from the spectra of the photoexcitation of the ground state of the impurities. Using one transition as an example, we discuss the splitting of the excited states of acceptors in the magnetic field and under uniaxial compression.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1727
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Population and lifetime of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge Type Journal Article
Year 1979 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 355-362
Keywords Ge, photothermal ionization, shallow impurities
Abstract An investigation was made of the dependences of the intensities of photothermal ionization lines of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge on the intensity of impurity-absorbed background radiation and on temperature. The results obtained were used to find the density and lifetime of carriers of lower excited states of the impurity centers. The lifetimes of the excited states of donors in Ge were 10-~-10-" sec and the lifetime of the lower excited state of acceptors was -lo-' sec. In the presence of background radiation the population of the excited states was very different from the equilibrium value and, in particular, a population inversion of the 2pk, state relative to the 3p0 and 3s states was observed.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1719
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsyna, N. G.
Title Capture of photoexcited carriers by shallow impurity centers in germanium Type Journal Article
Year 1979 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 50 Issue 4 Pages 728-734
Keywords Ge, photoexcited carriers, shallow impurity centers
Abstract Measurements were made of the lifetimes rf of free carriers and the relaxation time 7, of the submillimeter impurity photoconductivity when carriers are captured by attracting shallow donors and acceptom in Ge. It is nod that in samples with capture-center concentration N,Z 10"cm-' the relaxation time 7, greatly exceeds rf in the temperature range 4.2-12 K. The measured values of 7,- are compared with the calculation of cascade recombination by the classical model. To evaluate the data on T,, the distinguishing features of this model are considered for the nonstationary case. The substantial difference betweea the values of rf and T, is attributed to re-emission of the carriers from the excited states of the shallow impurities.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1720
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Kinetics of electron and hole binding into excitons in germanium Type Journal Article
Year 1983 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 369-376
Keywords Ge, electron and hole binding
Abstract The kinetics of binding of free carriers'into excitons under stationary and nonstationary conditions is studied by investigating the submillimeter photoconductivity of Ge in a wide range of temperatures and of excitation levels. It is shown that the absolute values and the temperature dependence of the binding cross section (o- T-'.' ) can be satisfactorily described by the cascade recombination theory. The value of o and its temperature dependence differ significantly from the cross sections, measured in the same manner, for capture by attracting small impurities. Under nonstationary conditions, just as in the case of recombination with shallow impurities, a signifi- cant role is played by the sticking of the carriers in highly excited states.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1711
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Heating of electrons in a superconductor in the resistive state by electromagnetic radiation Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 59 Issue 2 Pages 442-450
Keywords Nb HEB
Abstract The effect of heating of electrons relative to phonons is observed and investigated in a superconducting film that is made resistive by current and by an external magnetic field. The effect is manifested by an increase of the film resistance under the influence of the electromagnetic radiation, and is not selective in the frequency band 10^10-10^15 Hz. The independence of the effect of frequency under conditions of strong scattering by static defects is attributed to the decisive role of electron-electron collisions in the distribution function. The experimentally obtained characteristic time of resistance variation near the superconducting transition corresponds to the relaxation time of the order parameter, while at lower temperatures and fields it corresponds to the time of the inelastic electron-phonon interaction.
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Call Number RPLAB @ phisix @ Serial 983
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Riger, E. R.
Title Effect of electron-electron collisions on the trapping of free carriers by shallow impurity centers in germanium Type Journal Article
Year 1986 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 64 Issue 4 Pages 889-897
Keywords Ge, trapping of free carriers
Abstract Cascade Auger recombination of free carriers on shallow impurities in Ge is investigated under quasi-equilibrium conditions (T= 2-12 K) and in impurity breakdown. The Auger capture cross sections are found to be a,= 5. 10-l9 T-'n cm2 for donors and uip= 7- T-5p cm2 for acceptors. It is shown that in an isotropic semiconductor (p-Ge) ui is well described by the cascade-capture theory that takes into account only electron-electron collisions. In an anisotropic semiconductor ui is considerably larger (n-Ge, strongly uniaxially compressedp-Ge). Under impurity breakdown conditions the electron-electron collisions determine the lifetimes of the free carriers only in samples with appreciable density of the compensating impurity (Nk loi3 cmP3).
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1707
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gusinskii, E. N.; Malyavkin, A. V.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Selevko, A. G.; Edel'shtein, V. M.
Title The excitonic Zeeman effect in uniaxially-strained germanium Type Journal Article
Year 1987 Publication Sov. Phys. JETP Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. JETP
Volume 65 Issue 6 Pages 1233-1241
Keywords Ge, Zeeman effect
Abstract We have carried out a high-resolution spectroscopic study of the absorption of submillimeter radiation by free excitons in germanium compressed along the [ 1 11 ] axis in a magnetic field parallel to the compression axis. In particular, we studied the splitting of the 1s- 2p transition in fields up to 6 kOe at T = 1.6 K, and observed a complex pattern in the Zeeman splitting which we believe is related to the effect of thermal motion of the excitons in a magnetic field on their internal structure (the magneto-Stark effect). The calculated submillimeter spectrum of excitons agrees with the experimental data. We predict that in a magnetic field the energy of the 2p, term is a minimum at a finite value of the exciton momentum perpendicular to the field-that is, the energy minimum forms a ring in momentum space. It follows that the density of states for this term must be a nonmonotonic function of the energy. A theory is developed of analogous phenomena in positronium.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1705
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Author Mohan, N.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Nasr, M. B.; Saleh, B. E.; Sergienko, A. V.; Teich, M. C.
Title Photon-counting optical coherence-domain reflectometry using superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Opt. Express Abbreviated Journal Opt. Express
Volume 16 Issue 22 Pages 18118-18130
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We consider the use of single-photon counting detectors in coherence-domain imaging. Detectors operated in this mode exhibit reduced noise, which leads to increased sensitivity for weak light sources and weakly reflecting samples. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate the possibility of using superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) for optical coherence-domain reflectometry (OCDR). These detectors are sensitive over the full spectral range that is useful for carrying out such imaging in biological samples. With counting rates as high as 100 MHz, SSPDs also offer a high rate of data acquisition if the light flux is sufficient.
Address Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. nm82@bu.edu
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ISSN 1094-4087 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:18958090 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1407
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Author Nebosis, R. S.; Heusinger, M. A.; Semenov, A. D.; Lang, P. T.; Schatz, W.; Steinke, R.; Renk, K. F.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Ultrafast photoresponse of an YBa2Cu3O7-δ film to far-infrared radiation pulses Type Journal Article
Year 1993 Publication Opt. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.
Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 96-97
Keywords YBCO HTS detectors
Abstract We report the observation of an ultrafast photoresponse of a high-T(c), film to far-infrared radiation pulses. The response of a sample, consisting of a current-carrying structured YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) film cooled to liquid-nitrogen temperature, was studied by use of ultrashort laser pulses from an optically pumped far-infrared laser in the frequency range from 0.7 to 7 THz. We found that the response time was limited by the time resolution, 120 ps, of our electronic registration equipment.
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ISSN 0146-9592 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:19802049 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1660
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Author Marksteiner, M.; Divochiy, A.; Sclafani, M.; Haslinger, P.; Ulbricht, H.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M.
Title A superconducting NbN detector for neutral nanoparticles Type Journal Article
Year 2009 Publication Nanotechnol. Abbreviated Journal Nanotechnol.
Volume 20 Issue 45 Pages 455501
Keywords SSPD; SNSPD; *Electric Conductivity; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanoparticles/*chemistry/ultrastructure; Nanotechnology/*methods; *Photons
Abstract We present a proof-of-principle study of superconducting single photon detectors (SSPD) for the detection of individual neutral molecules/nanoparticles at low energies. The new detector is applied to characterize a laser desorption source for biomolecules and allows retrieval of the arrival time distribution of a pulsed molecular beam containing the amino acid tryptophan, the polypeptide gramicidin as well as insulin, myoglobin and hemoglobin. We discuss the experimental evidence that the detector is actually sensitive to isolated neutral particles.
Address University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. markus.arndt@univie.ac.at
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ISSN 0957-4484 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:19822928 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1239
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Author Sclafani, M.; Marksteiner, M.; Keir, F. M. L.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Semenov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Arndt, M.
Title Sensitivity of a superconducting nanowire detector for single ions at low energy Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Nanotechnol. Abbreviated Journal Nanotechnol.
Volume 23 Issue 6 Pages 065501 (1 to 5)
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, superconducting single ion detector, SSID, SNSID
Abstract We report on the characterization of a superconducting nanowire detector for ions at low kinetic energies. We measure the absolute single-particle detection efficiency eta and trace its increase with energy up to eta = 100%. We discuss the influence of noble gas adsorbates on the cryogenic surface and analyze their relevance for the detection of slow massive particles. We apply a recent model for the hot-spot formation to the incidence of atomic ions at energies between 0.2 and 1 keV. We suggest how the differences observed for photons and atoms or molecules can be related to the surface condition of the detector and we propose that the restoration of proper surface conditions may open a new avenue for SSPD-based optical spectroscopy on molecules and nanoparticles.
Address Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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ISSN 0957-4484 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:22248823 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1380
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Author Beck, M.; Rousseau, I.; Klammer, M.; Leiderer, P.; Mittendorff, M.; Winnerl, S.; Helm, M.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Demsar, J.
Title Transient increase of the energy gap of superconducting NbN thin films excited by resonant narrow-band terahertz pulses Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Phys. Rev. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. Lett.
Volume 110 Issue 26 Pages 267003 (1 to 5)
Keywords NbN thin films, energy gap
Abstract Observations of radiation-enhanced superconductivity have thus far been limited to a few type-I superconductors (Al, Sn) excited at frequencies between the inelastic scattering rate and the superconducting gap frequency 2Delta/h. Utilizing intense, narrow-band, picosecond, terahertz pulses, tuned to just below and above 2Delta/h of a BCS superconductor NbN, we demonstrate that the superconducting gap can be transiently increased also in a type-II dirty-limit superconductor. The effect is particularly pronounced at higher temperatures and is attributed to radiation induced nonthermal electron distribution persisting on a 100 ps time scale.
Address Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Germany
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ISSN 0031-9007 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:23848912 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1370
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Author Murphy, A.; Semenov, A.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Gol'tsman, G.; Bezryadin, A.
Title Three temperature regimes in superconducting photon detectors: quantum, thermal and multiple phase-slips as generators of dark counts Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Sci. Rep. Abbreviated Journal Sci. Rep.
Volume 5 Issue Pages 10174 (1 to 10)
Keywords SPD, SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We perform measurements of the switching current distributions of three w approximately 120 nm wide, 4 nm thick NbN superconducting strips which are used for single-photon detectors. These strips are much wider than the diameter of the vortex cores, so they are classified as quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D). We discover evidence of macroscopic quantum tunneling by observing the saturation of the standard deviation of the switching distributions at temperatures around 2 K. We analyze our results using the Kurkijarvi-Garg model and find that the escape temperature also saturates at low temperatures, confirming that at sufficiently low temperatures, macroscopic quantum tunneling is possible in quasi-2D strips and can contribute to dark counts observed in single photon detectors. At the highest temperatures the system enters a multiple phase-slip regime. In this range single phase-slips are unable to produce dark counts and the fluctuations in the switching current are reduced.
Address Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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ISSN 2045-2322 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:25988591; PMCID:PMC4437302 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1344
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Author Arutyunov, K. Y.; Ramos-Alvarez, A.; Semenov, A. V.; Korneeva, Y. P.; An, P. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Murphy, A.; Bezryadin, A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Superconductivity in highly disordered NbN nanowires Type Journal Article
Year 2016 Publication Nanotechnol. Abbreviated Journal Nanotechnol.
Volume 27 Issue 47 Pages 47lt02 (1 to 8)
Keywords NbN nanowires
Abstract The topic of superconductivity in strongly disordered materials has attracted significant attention. These materials appear to be rather promising for fabrication of various nanoscale devices such as bolometers and transition edge sensors of electromagnetic radiation. The vividly debated subject of intrinsic spatial inhomogeneity responsible for the non-Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer relation between the superconducting gap and the pairing potential is crucial both for understanding the fundamental issues of superconductivity in highly disordered superconductors, and for the operation of corresponding nanoelectronic devices. Here we report an experimental study of the electron transport properties of narrow NbN nanowires with effective cross sections of the order of the debated inhomogeneity scales. The temperature dependence of the critical current follows the textbook Ginzburg-Landau prediction for the quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channel I c approximately (1-T/T c)(3/2). We find that conventional models based on the the phase slip mechanism provide reasonable fits for the shape of R(T) transitions. Better agreement with R(T) data can be achieved assuming the existence of short 'weak links' with slightly reduced local critical temperature T c. Hence, one may conclude that an 'exotic' intrinsic electronic inhomogeneity either does not exist in our structures, or, if it does exist, it does not affect their resistive state properties, or does not provide any specific impact distinguishable from conventional weak links.
Address National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics,109028, Moscow, Russia. P L Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems RAS, Moscow, 119334, Russia
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ISSN 0957-4484 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:27782000 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1332
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Author Morozov, P.; Lukina, M.; Shirmanova, M.; Divochiy, A.; Dudenkova, V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Becker, W.; Shcheslavskiy, V. I.
Title Singlet oxygen phosphorescence imaging by superconducting single-photon detector and time-correlated single-photon counting Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Opt. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Opt. Lett.
Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 1217-1220
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, applications
Abstract This Letter presents, to the best of our knowledge, a novel optical configuration for direct time-resolved measurements of luminescence from singlet oxygen, both in solutions and from cultured cells on photodynamic therapy. The system is based on the superconducting single-photon detector, coupled to the confocal scanner that is modified for the near-infrared measurements. The recording of a phosphorescence signal from singlet oxygen at 1270 nm has been done using time-correlated single-photon counting. The performance of the system is verified by measuring phosphorescence from singlet oxygen generated by the photosensitizers commonly used in photodynamic therapy: methylene blue and chlorin e6. The described system can be easily upgraded to the configuration when both phosphorescence from singlet oxygen and fluorescence from the cells can be detected in the imaging mode. Thus, co-localization of the signal from singlet oxygen with the areas inside the cells can be done.
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ISSN 0146-9592 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:33720151 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1221
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Author Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulcova, G. M.; Gol'Tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S.
Title Determination of the limiting mobility of a two-dimensional electron gas in AlxGa1-xAs/GaAs heterostructures and direct measurement of the energy relaxation time Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter. Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter.
Volume 53 Issue 12 Pages R7592-R7595
Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures
Abstract We present results for a method to measure directly the energy relaxation time (τe) for electrons in a single AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs heterojunction; measurements were performed from 1.6 to 15 K under quasiequilibrium conditions. We find τeαT−1 below 4 K, and τe independent of T above 4 K. We have also measured the energy-loss rate, ⟨Q⟩, by the Shubnikov-de Haas technique, and find ⟨Q⟩α(T3e−T3) for T<~4.2 K; Te is the electron temperature. The values and temperature dependence of τe and ⟨Q⟩ for T<4 K agree with calculations based on piezoelectric and deformation potential acoustic phonon scattering. At 4.2 K, we can also estimate the momentum relaxation time, τm, from our measured τe. This leads to a preliminary estimate of the phonon-limited mobility at 4.2 K of μ=3×107 cm2/Vs (ns=4.2×1011 cm−2), which agrees well with published numerical calculations, as well as with an earlier indirect estimate based on measurements on a sample with much higher mobility.
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ISSN 0163-1829 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:9982274 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1612
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Author Finkel, M. I.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Terahertz heterodyne receivers based on superconductive hot-electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Radiophys. Quant. Electron. Abbreviated Journal Radiophys. Quant. Electron.
Volume 48 Issue 10-11 Pages 859-864
Keywords HEB, applications
Abstract We consider recent results in development of hot-electron bolometer mixers. Special attention is paid to optimization of the contacts between the antenna and the active area of a superconducting film. An important result in the study of the parasitic effect of direct detection is obtained during the measurement of the noise temperatures by the hot/cold load method. The latest results of studies of the waveguide hot-electron bolometer mixers and their successful practical applications are considered. Progress in development of high-frequency (over 1.3 THz) heterodyne receivers for several important international projects is discussed and new submillimeter radio astronomy projects ESPRIT and SAFIR are described.
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ISSN 0033-8443 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 381
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Author Finkel, M. I.; Maslennikov, S. N.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title The concept of the receiving complex for the “Millimetron” space radio telescope Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Radiophys. Quant. Electron. Abbreviated Journal Radiophys. Quant. Electron.
Volume 50 Issue 10-11 Pages 837-846
Keywords HEB, applications, Millimetron, VLBI
Abstract We consider the current status of research in the development of a submillimeter and far-infrared receiving instrument and propose promising solutions for the receivers of the spaceborne telescope “Millimetron,” which allow one to realize comprehensively the opportunities given by this international project administrated by the Astrospace Center of the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0033-8443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 411
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Author Chen, J.; Kang, L.; Jin, B. B.; Xu, W. W.; Wu, P. H.; Zhang, W.; Jiang, L.; Li, N.; Shi, S. C.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Properties of terahertz superconducting hot electron bolometer mixers Type Journal Article
Year 2008 Publication Int. J. Terahertz Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Int. J. Terahertz Sci. Technol.
Volume 1 Issue 1 Pages 37-41
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, noise temperature
Abstract A quasi-optical superconducting niobium nitride (NbN) hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer has been fabricated and measured in the terahertz (THz) frequency range of 0.5~2.52 THz. A receiver noise temperature of 2000 K at 2.52 THz has been obtained for the mixer without corrections. Also, the effect of a Parylene C anti-reflection (AR) coating on the silicon (Si) lens has been studied.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1417
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Author Lindgren, M.; Zorin, M. A.; Trifonov, V.; Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Karasik, B. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Optical mixing in a patterned YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 65 Issue 26 Pages 3398-3400
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB mixer, bandwidth
Abstract Mixing of 1.56 µm infrared radiation from two lasers in a high quality YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin film, patterned to parallel strips, was demonstrated. A mixer bandwidth of 18 GHz, limited by the measurement system, was obtained. A model based on nonequilibrium electron heating gives a good fit to the data and predicts an intrinsic mixer bandwidth in excess of 100 GHz, operating in the whole infrared spectrum. Reduction of bolometric effects and ways to decrease the conversion loss of the mixer is discussed. The minimum conversion loss is expected to be ~10 dB.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-6951 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 251
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Author Ekstörm, H.; Kollberg, E.; Yagoubov, P.; Gol'tsman, G.; Gershenzon, E.; Yngvesson, S.
Title Gain and noise bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometric mixers Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 70 Issue 24 Pages 3296-3298
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, conversion loss, conversion gain, U-factor technique
Abstract We have measured the noise performance and gain bandwidth of 35 Å thin NbN hot-electron mixers integrated with spiral antennas on silicon substrate lenses at 620 GHz. The best double-sideband receiver noise temperature is less than 1300 K with a 3 dB bandwidth of ≈5 GHz. The gain bandwidth is 3.2 GHz. The mixer output noise dominated by thermal fluctuations is 50 K, and the intrinsic conversion gain is about −12 dB. Without mismatch losses and excluding the loss from the beamsplitter, we expect to achieve a receiver noise temperature of less than 700 K.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 279
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Author Yagoubov, P.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Kollberg, E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Svechnikov, S.; Gershenzon, E.
Title Noise temperature and local oscillator power requirement of NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric mixers at terahertz frequencies Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Appl. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Phys. Lett.
Volume 73 Issue 19 Pages 2814-2816
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, noise temperature, local oscillator power
Abstract In this letter, the noise performance of NbN-based phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric quasioptical mixers is investigated in the 0.55–1.1 THz frequency range. The best results of the double-sideband <cd><2018>DSB<cd><2019> noise temperature are: 500 K at 640 GHz, 600 K at 750 GHz, 850 K at 910 GHz, and 1250 K at 1.1 THz. The water vapor in the signal path causes significant contribution to the measured receiver noise temperature around 1.1 THz. The devices are made from 3-nm-thick NbN film on high-resistivity Si and integrated with a planar spiral antenna on the same substrate. The in-plane dimensions of the bolometer strip are typically 0.2Ï«2 um. The amount of local oscillator power absorbed in the bolometer is less than 100 nW.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 911
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Author Cherednichenko, S.; Drakinskiy, V.; Baubert, J.; Krieg, J.-M.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Desmaris, V.
Title Gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers on 1.5 μm Si3N4 / SiO2 membranes Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication J. Appl. Phys. Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Phys.
Volume 101 Issue 12 Pages 124508 (1 to 6)
Keywords HEB, mixer, membrane
Abstract The gain bandwidth of NbN hot-electron bolometer terahertz mixers on electrically thin Si3N4/SiO2 membranes was experimentally investigated and compared with that of HEB mixers on bulk substrates. A gain bandwidth of 3.5 GHz is achieved on bulk silicon, whereas the gain bandwidth is reduced down to 0.6–0.9 GHz for mixers on 1.5 μm Si3N4/SiO2 membranes. We show that application of a MgO buffer layer on the membrane extends the gain bandwidth to 3 GHz. The experimental data were analyzed using the film-substrate acoustic mismatch approach.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-8979 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 560
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Author Gerecht, E.; Musante, C. F.; Yngvesson, K. S.; Waldman, J.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Yagoubov, P. A.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Optical coupling and conversion gain for NbN HEB mixer at THz frequencies Type Conference Article
Year 1997 Publication Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp.
Volume Issue Pages 47-50
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract
Address Charlottesville, Virginia
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1601
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Author Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Smirnov, K. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S.
Title Hot electron bolometer detectors and mixers based on a superconducting-two-dimensional electron gas-superconductor structure Type Conference Article
Year 1997 Publication Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 4-th Int. Semicond. Device Research Symp.
Volume Issue Pages 163-166
Keywords S-2DEG-S HEB mixers, detectors, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures, NbN
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1603
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Yang, Z. Q.; Baryshev, A. M.; Barends, R.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Callaos, N.
Title Twin-slot antenna coupled NbN hot electron bolometer mixers for space applications Type Conference Article
Year 2005 Publication Proc. 9-th WMSCI Abbreviated Journal Proc. 9-th WMSCI
Volume 9 Issue Pages 148-153
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher International Institute of Informatics and Systemics Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 9806560639, 9789806560635 Medium
Area Expedition Conference 9th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1480
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Author Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Tarkhov, M.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Voronov, B.; Divochiy, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Pan, D.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Superconducting single-photon nanostructured detectors for advanced optical applications Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication Proc. Symposium on Photonics Technologies for 7th Framework Program Abbreviated Journal
Volume 400 Issue Pages
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) based on NbN thin-film nanostructures and operated at liquid helium temperatures. The SSPDs are made of ultrathin NbN films (2.5-4 nm thick, Tc= 9-11K) as meander-shaped nanowires covering the area of 10× 10 µm2. Our detectors are operated at the temperature well below the critical temperature Tc and are DC biased by a current Ib close to the meander critical current Ic. The operation principle of the detector is based on the use of the resistive region in a narrow ultra-thin superconducting stripe upon the absorption of an incident photon. The developed devices demonstrate high sensitivity and response speed in a broadband range from UV to mid-IR (up to 6 µm), making them very attractive for advanced optical technologies, which require efficient detectors of single quanta and low-density optical radiation.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ chulkova2006superconducting Serial 1021
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Author Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, Roman
Title Ultrafast NBN hot-electron single-photon detectors for electronic applications Type Abstract
Year 2002 Publication Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM Abbreviated Journal Abstracts 8-th IUMRS-ICEM
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present a new, simple to manufacture, single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths of optical radiation and combines high speed of operation, high quantum efficiency (QE), and very low dark counts. The devices are superconducting and operate at temperature below 5 K. The physics of operation of our SPD is based on formation of a photon-induced resistive hotspot and subsequent appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin and submicron-wide superconductor.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 8th IUMRS International Conference on Electronic Materials
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1532
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Author Zhang, J.; Boiadjieva, N.; Chulkova, G.; Deslandes, H.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Leibowitz, M.; Lo, W.; Malinsky, R.; Okunev, O.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Smirnov, K.; Tsao, C.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Wilsher, K.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Noninvasive CMOS circuit testing with NbN superconducting single-photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Electron. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Electron. Lett.
Volume 39 Issue 14 Pages 1086-1088
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, applications
Abstract The 3.5 nm thick-film, meander-structured NbN superconducting single-photon detectors have been implemented in the CMOS circuit-testing system based on the detection of near-infrared photon emission from switching transistors and have significantly improved the performance of the system. Photon emissions from both p- and n-MOS transistors have been observed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0013-5194 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1512
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Author Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Zorin, M.; Trifonov, V.; Karasik, B.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Lindgren, M.
Title Picosecond detection of infrared radiation with YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films Type Conference Article
Year 1993 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE
Volume 2104 Issue Pages 183-184
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB detectors
Abstract Picosecond nonequilibrium and slow bolometric responses from a patterned high-Tc superconducting (HTS) film due toinfrared radiation were investigated using both modulation and pulse techniques. Measurements at A, = 0.85 [tm andA, = 10.6 lim have shown a similar behaviour of the response vs modulation frequency f. The responsivity of the HTS filmbased detector at f ..- 0.6-1 GHz is estimated to be 10-2 – 10-1 V/W.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Spie Place of Publication Editor Birch, J.R.; Parker, T.J.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Notes https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecord&RN=25034664 Approved no
Call Number 10.1117/12.2298489 Serial 1653
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Hot-electron superconducting mixers Type Conference Article
Year 1993 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE
Volume 2104 Issue Pages 329-330
Keywords
Abstract The creation of low noise heterodyne receivers for frequencies above 1 THz is in the urgentneed for radio astronomy, laser spectroscopy, plasma diagnostic, etc. In this paper we discussthe nonlinear effect related to hot electrons in superconductors, and their potential use in lownoise submilimeter wave mixer. We also discuss results achieved so far as well as possible futuredevelopments.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Birch, J.R.; Parker, T.J.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 18th International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1654
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Author Cherednichenko, S.; Khosropanah, P.; Adam, A.; Merkel, H. F.; Kollberg, E. L.; Loudkov, D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.; Richter, H.; Huebers, H.-W.
Title 1.4- to 1.7-THz NbN hot-electron bolometer mixer for the Herschel space observatory Type Conference Article
Year 2003 Publication Proc. SPIE Abbreviated Journal Proc. SPIE
Volume 4855 Issue Pages 361-370
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract NbN hot- electron bolometer mixers have reached the level of 10hv/k in terms of the input noise temperature with the noise bandwidth of 4-6 GHz from subMM band up to 2.5 THz. In this paper we discuss the major characteristics of this kind of receiver, i.e. the gain and the noise bandwidth, the noise temperature in a wide RF band, bias regimes and optimisation of RF coupling to the quasioptical mixer. We present the status of the development of the mixer for Band 6 Low for Herschel Telescope.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher SPIE Place of Publication Editor Phillips, T.G.; Zmuidzinas, J.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors for Astronomy
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1521
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Author Manova, N. N.; Korneeva, Yu. P.; Korneev, A. A.; Slysz, W.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Superconducting NbN single-photon detector integrated with quarter-wave resonator Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Tech. Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Tech. Phys. Lett.
Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 469-471
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract The spectral dependence of the quantum efficiency of superconducting NbN single-photon detectors integrated with quarter-wave resonators based on Si3N4, SiO2, and SiO layers has been studied.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ gujma @ Serial 664
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Author Il'in, K.; Siegel, M.; Semenov, A.; Engel, A.; Hübers, H.-W.; Hollmann, E.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B.
Title Thickness dependence of superconducting properties of ultrathin Nb and NbN films Type Conference Article
Year 2004 Publication AKF-Frühjahrstagung Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Nb, NbN films, has potential plagiarism
Abstract
Address Berlin-Adlershof
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1503
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Author Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Hübers, H.-W.; Smirnov, K.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title Development of terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers Type Conference Article
Year 2003 Publication Proc. 6th European Conf. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 6th European Conf. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 181 Issue Pages 2960-2965
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract We present recent results of the development of phonon cooled hot-electron bolometric (HEB) mixers for airborne and balloon borne terahertz heterodyne receivers. Three iomportant issues have been addresses: the quality of NbN films the HEB mixers were made from, the spectral properties of the HEB mixers and the local oscillator power required for optical operation. Studies with an atomic force microscope indicate, that the performance of the HEB mixer might have been effected by the microstructure of the NbN film. Antenna gain and noise temperature were investigated at terahertz frequencies for a HEB embedded in either log-spiral or twin-slot feed antenna. Comparison suggests that at frequencies above 3 THz the spiral feed provides better overall performance. At 1.6 THz, a power of 2.5 µW was required from the local oscillator for optimal operation of the HEB mixer.
Address Sorrento, Italy
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 0750309814, 978-0750309813 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1505
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Author Schubert, J.; Semenov, A.; Hübers, H.-W.; Gol'tsman, G.; Schwaab, G.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E.
Title Broad-band terahertz NbN hot-electron bolometric mixer Type Conference Article
Year 1999 Publication Inst. Phys. Conf. Abbreviated Journal Inst. Phys. Conf.
Volume 167 Issue Pages 663-666
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 4th Europ. Conf. on Appl. Superconductivity, Barcelona, Spain, 14-17 September 1999
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1578
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elantiev, A. I.; Karasik, B. S.; Potoskuev, S. E.
Title Intense electromagnetic radiation heating of electrons of a superconductor in the resistive state Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys. Abbreviated Journal Sov. J. Low Temp. Phys.
Volume 14 Issue 7 Pages 414-420
Keywords HEB
Abstract
Address
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Area Expedition Conference
Notes Duplicated as 1697 Approved no
Call Number Serial 236
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Karasik, B. S.; Potoskuev, S. E.
Title Intense electromagnetic radiation heating of superconductor electrons in resistive state Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur Abbreviated Journal Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur
Volume 14 Issue 7 Pages 753-763
Keywords Nb HEB
Abstract An experimental study is made of the effect of intense radiation in the millimeter and submillimeter ranges on thin and narrow Nb films in the resistive state. It is found that the excess resistance resulting from radiation and the dependence of its relaxation time on radiation intensity and transport current can be explained in terms of the effect of electron heating. Quantitative agreement is obtained between the experimental data and a homogeneous electron heating model.
Address
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1697
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Author Smirnov, K. V.; Vakhtomin, Yu. B.; Divochiy, A. V.; Ozhegov, R. V.; Pentin, I. V.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Infrared and terahertz detectors on basis of superconducting nanostructures Type Conference Article
Year 2010 Publication Microwave and Telecom. Technol. (CriMiCo), 20th Int. Crimean Conf. Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 823-824
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD, HEB
Abstract Results of development of single-photon receiving systems of visible, infrared and terahertz range based on thin-film superconducting nanostructures are presented. The receiving systems are produced on the basis of superconducting nanostructures, which function by means of hot-electron phenomena.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor IEEE
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number RPLAB @ sasha @ smirnov2010infrared Serial 1025
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Kawamura, J. H.; Tong, C.-Y.E.; Blundell, R.; Cosmo Papa, D.; Hunter, T. R.; Gol'tsman, G.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E.
Title An 800 GHz NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer receiver Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 9 Issue 2 Pages 3753-3756
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract We describe a heterodyne receiver developed for astronomical applications to operate in the 350 /spl mu/m atmospheric window. The waveguide receiver employs a superconductive NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixer. The double sideband receiver noise temperature closely follows 1 kGHz/sup -1/ across 780-870 GHz, with the intermediate frequency centered at 1.4 GHz. The conversion loss is about 15 dB. The receiver was installed for operation at the University of Arizona/Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Submillimeter Telescope facility. The instrument was successfully used to conduct test observations of a number of celestial sources in a number of astronomically important spectral lines.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 288
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Author Sobolewski, R.; Verevkin, A.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Lipatov, A.; Wilsher, K.
Title Ultrafast superconducting single-photon optical detectors and their applications Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 13 Issue 2 Pages 1151-1157
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We present a new class of ultrafast single-photon detectors for counting both visible and infrared photons. The detection mechanism is based on photon-induced hotspot formation, which forces the supercurrent redistribution and leads to the appearance of a transient resistive barrier across an ultrathin, submicrometer-width, superconducting stripe. The devices were fabricated from 3.5-nm- and 10-nm-thick NbN films, patterned into <200-nm-wide stripes in the 4 /spl times/ 4-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ or 10 /spl times/ 10-/spl mu/m/sup 2/ meander-type geometry, and operated at 4.2 K, well below the NbN critical temperature (T/sub c/=10-11 K). Continuous-wave and pulsed-laser optical sources in the 400-nm-to 3500-nm-wavelength range were used to determine the detector performance in the photon-counting mode. Experimental quantum efficiency was found to exponentially depend on the photon wavelength, and for our best, 3.5-nm-thick, 100-/spl mu/m/sup 2/-area devices varied from >10% for 405-nm radiation to 3.5% for 1550-nm photons. The detector response time and jitter were /spl sim/100 ps and 35 ps, respectively, and were acquisition system limited. The dark counts were below 0.01 per second at optimal biasing. In terms of the counting rate, jitter, and dark counts, the NbN single-photon detectors significantly outperform their semiconductor counterparts. Already-identified applications for our devices range from noncontact testing of semiconductor CMOS VLSI circuits to free-space quantum cryptography and communications.
Address
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 509
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Author Baselmans, J. J. A.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J. R.; Baryshev, A.; Kooi, J.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; de Korte, P.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title NbN hot electron bolometer mixers: sensitivity, LO power, direct detection and stability Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 15 Issue 2 Pages 484-489
Keywords HEB mixers, direct detection effect, stability, Allan variance
Abstract We demonstrate that the performance of NbN lattice cooled hot electron bolometer mixers depends strongly on the interface quality between the bolometer and the contact structure. Both the receiver noise temperature and the gain bandwidth can be improved by a factor of 2 by cleaning the interface and adding an additional superconducting interlayer to the contact pad. Using this we obtain a double sideband receiver noise temperature of 950 K at 2.5 THz and 4.3 K, using a 0.4/spl times/4 /spl mu/m HEB mixer with a spiral antenna. At the same bias point, we obtain an IF gain bandwidth of 6 GHz. To comply with current demands on THz mixers for use in space based receivers we reduce the device size to 0.15/spl times/1 /spl mu/m and use a twin slot antenna. We report measurements of the noise temperature, LO power requirement, stability and the direct detection effect, using a mixer with a 1.6 THz twin slot antenna and a 1.462 THz solid state LO source with calibrated output power.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 546
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Author Bell, M.; Kaurova, N.; Divochiy, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Bird, J.; Sergeev, A.; Verevkin, A.
Title On the nature of resistive transition in disordered superconducting nanowires Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 267-270
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract Hot-electron single-photon counters based on long superconducting nanowires are starting to become popular in optical and infrared technologies due to their ultimately high sensitivity and very high response speed. We investigate intrinsic fluctuations in long NbN nanowires in the temperature range of 4.2 K-20 K, i.e. above and below the superconducting transition. These fluctuations are responsible for fluctuation resistivity and also determine the noise in practical devices. Measurements of the fluctuation resistivity were performed at low current densities and also in external magnetic fields up to 5 T. Above the BCS critical temperature T co the resistivity is well described by the Aslamazov-Larkin (AL) theory for two-dimensional samples. Below T co the measured resistivity is in excellent agreement with the Langer-Ambegaokar-McCumber-Halperin (LAMH) theory developed for one-dimensional superconductors. Despite that our nanowires of 100 nm width are two-dimensional with respect to the coherence length, our analysis shows that at relatively low current densities the one-dimensional LAMH mechanism based on thermally induced phase slip centers dominates over the two-dimensional mechanism related to unbinding of vortex-antivortex pairs below the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1247
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Jiang, L.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Zhang, W.; Li, N.; Lin, Z. H.; Yao, Q. J.; Miao, W.; Shi, S. C.; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vakhtomin, Y. B.
Title Characterization of the performance of a quasi-optical NbN superconducting HEB mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 395-398
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, noise temperature
Abstract In this paper we focus mainly on the investigation of the performance of a quasi-optical (planar log-spiral antenna) phonon-cooled NbN superconducting hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixer, which is cryogenically cooled by a close-cycled 4-K cryocooler, at 500 and 850 GHz frequency bands. The mixer's noise performance, stability of IF output power, and local oscillator (LO) power requirement are characterized for three NbN superconducting HEB devices of different sizes. The transmission characteristics of Mylar and Zitex films with incidence waves of an elliptical polarization are also examined by measuring the mixer's noise temperature. The lowest receiver noise temperatures (with no corrections) of 750 and 1100 K are measured at 500 and 850 GHz, respectively. Experimental results also demonstrate that the bigger the HEB device is, the higher the stability of IF output power becomes.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1429
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Author Reiger, E.; Pan, D.; Slysz, W.; Jukna, A.; Sobolewski, R.; Dorenbos, S.; Zwiller, V.; Korneev, A.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Minaeva, O.; Gol'tsman, G.; Kitaygorsky, J.
Title Spectroscopy with nanostructured superconducting single photon detectors Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. Abbreviated Journal IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.
Volume 13 Issue 4 Pages 934-943
Keywords SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract Superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are nanostructured devices made from ultrathin superconducting films. They are typically operated at liquid helium temperature and exhibit high detection efficiency, in combination with very low dark counts, fast response time, and extremely low timing jitter, within a broad wavelength range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared (up to 6 mu m). SSPDs are very attractive for applications such as fiber-based telecommunication, where single-photon sensitivity and high photon-counting rates are required. We review the current state-of-the-art in the SSPD research and development, and compare the SSPD performance to the best semiconducting avalanche photodiodes and other superconducting photon detectors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SSPDs can also be successfully implemented in photon-energy-resolving experiments. Our approach is based on the fact that the size of the hotspot, a nonsuperconducting region generated upon photon absorption, is linearly dependent on the photon energy. We introduce a statistical method, where, by measuring the SSPD system detection efficiency at different bias currents, we are able to resolve the wavelength of the incident photons with a resolution of 50 nm.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1077-260X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1424
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Author Schwaab, G.W.; Sirmain, G.; Schubert, J.; Hubers, H.-W.; Gol'tsman, G.; Cherednichenko, S.; Verevkin, A.; Voronov, B.; Gershenzon, E.
Title Investigation of NbN phonon-cooled HEB mixers at 2.5 THz Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 9 Issue 2 Pages 4233-4236
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract The development of superconducting hot electron bolometric (HEB) mixers has been a big step forward in the direction of quantum noise limited mixer performance at THz frequencies. Such mixers are crucial for the upcoming generation of airborne and spaceborne THz heterodyne receivers. In this paper we report on new results on a phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer using e-beam lithography. The superconducting film is 3 nm thick. The mixer is 0.2 μm long and 1.5 μm wide and it is integrated in a spiral antenna on a Si substrate. The device is quasi-optically coupled through a Si lens and a dielectric beam combiner to the radiation of an optically pumped FIR ring gas laser cavity. The performance of the mixer at different THz frequencies from 0.69 to 2.55 THz with an emphasis on 2.52 THz is demonstrated. At 2.52 THz minimum DSB noise temperatures of 4200 K have been achieved at an IF of 1.5 GHz and a bandwidth of 40 MHz with the mixer mounted in a cryostat and a 0.8 m long signal path in air.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 550
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Author Polyakova, M.; Semenov, A. V.; Kovalyuk, V.; Ferrari, S.; Pernice, W. H. P.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Protocol of measuring hot-spot correlation length for SNSPDs with near-unity detection efficiency Type Journal Article
Year 2019 Publication IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.
Volume 29 Issue 5 Pages 1-5
Keywords SSPD, waveguide-integrated SNSPD, hot-spot interaction length
Abstract We present a simple quantum detector tomography protocol, which allows, without ambiguities, to measure the two-spot detection efficiency and extract the hot-spot interaction length of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) with unity intrinsic detection efficiency. We identify a significant parasitic contribution to the measured two-spot efficiency, related to an effect of the bias circuit, and find a way to rule out this contribution during data post-processing and directly in the experiment. From the data analysis for waveguide-integrated SNSPD, we find signatures of the saturation of the two-spot efficiency and hot-spot interaction length of order of 100 nm.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1051-8223 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1187
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Zorin, M. A.; Karasik, B. S.; Trifonov, V. A.
Title Nonequilibrium and bolometric response of YBaCuO films in a resistive state to infrared low intensity radiation Type Conference Article
Year 1994 Publication Council on Low-temp. Phys. Abbreviated Journal Council on Low-temp. Phys.
Volume Issue Pages 82-83
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB
Abstract
Address Dubna
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference Joint Inst. for Nuclear Research, Dubna (Russian Federation); 296 p; 1994; p. 82-83; 30. Conference on low-temperature physics; 30. Soveshchanie po fizike nizkikh temperatur; Dubna (Russian Federation); 6-8 Sep 1994
Notes Неравновесный и болометрический отклик YBaCuO пленок в резиотивном состоянии на инфракрасное лазерное излучение малой интенсивности Approved no
Call Number Serial 1632
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Author Blagosklonskaya, L. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.
Title Effect of a high magnetic field on the spectrum of donors in InSb Type Journal Article
Year 1977 Publication Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov Abbreviated Journal Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov
Volume 11 Issue 12 Pages 2373-2375
Keywords InSb, energy spectrum, donors, high magnetic field
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Воздействие сильного магнитного поля на спектр доноров в InSb Approved no
Call Number Serial 1729
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.
Title Submillimeter backward wave tube spectrometer for measuring superconducting film transmission Type Journal Article
Year 1983 Publication Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta Abbreviated Journal Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta
Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 134-137
Keywords BWO spectroscopy, spectrometer, transmission
Abstract A spectrometer employing six backward wave tubes is described. It is intended for investigation of superconductors in the 0.2-3 mm range of wave lengths. During the measurement of the transmission spectrum it is possible to determine the energy gap for superconduct1ng films 50 to 4000 A thick. The transmission factor can vary from 10-1 to 10-9. Spectrum of relation of film transmission factors in superconducting and normal states is measured for determining the energy gap 2 Δ. The transmission spectrum obtained by means of a computer for vanadium film 300 A thick is given as an example. The energy gap 2 Δ = 1.4 MeV
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0032-8162 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Субмиллиметровый спектрометр с лампами обратной волны для измерения пропускания сверхпроводниковых пленок Approved no
Call Number Serial 1713
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Author Varyukhin, S. V.; Zakharov, A. A.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M.
Title Low energy excitation in La2CuO4 Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 3 Issue 5 Pages 832-837
Keywords metal-dielectric-La2CuO4, monocrystals
Abstract Measurements of transmission and photoconductivity spectra in submillimeter wave length range as well as of capacity C and conductivity G in the region of acoustic frequencies of metal-dielectric-La2CuO4 system at low temperatures are performed using La2CuO4 monocrystals. Optical spectra posses a threshold character, a sharp decrease of transmission and photocoductivity signal occurs in the energy region hν>1.5 MeV. C(ω,T) and G(ω, T) dependences have a universal form typical of Debye type relaxation processes. Relaxation time dependence is of thermoactivated character τ(T)∼exp(ξ/T) with the gap value ξ≅2 meV. It is assumed that excitations with characteristic energy of ∼2 meV exist in La2CuO4. A possible nature of the detected low-energy excitations is discussed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1688
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gusev, Yu. P.; Elantiev, A. I.; Karasik, B. S.; Semenov, A. D.
Title Millimeter and submillimeter wave range mixer based on electronic heating of superconducting films in the resistive state Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Sov. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Sov. Supercond.
Volume 3 Issue 10 Pages 1582-1597
Keywords HEB mixers
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 240
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Gershenzon, E.M.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Dzardanov, A.L.; Kuznetsov, E.A.
Title Superconducting UHF-limiter based on electron heating up Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 11 Pages 2164-2170
Keywords electron heating, applications
Abstract The results of experimental investigation of fast-action 5HF-limiter are presented; the limiter is based on the utilization of electron hetaing phenomenon in thin superconducting films. The design of SHF-limiter, which is intended for operation at liquid helium temperatures and which has the form of a section of superconducting NbN microstrip line for 1-12 GHz rang, is described.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0235-8964 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1669
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Zorin, M. A.; Markin, A. G.; Semenov, A. D.
Title S-N switching of niobium and YBCO films: limit time and perspective of fast key element creation Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 12 Pages 2386-2402
Keywords YBCO HTS switches
Abstract A study was made on processes of switching of thin niobium film strips between superconducting and normal states under the effect of optical radiation pulse and voltage step. The results are described satisfactorily by the model of spatial homogeneous electron heating. It is shown that limiting switching times can be equal to several shares of nanosecond at 4.2 K. Preliminary results for YBa2Cu3O-7-x films are presented. Prospects and advantages of creation of ducting structures of narrow streps, are discussed.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1674
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gusev, Yu. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Sejdman, L. A.; Semenov, A. D.
Title Picosecond range detector base on superconducting niobium nitride film sensitive to radiation in spectral range from millimeter waves up to visible light Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 955-960
Keywords NbN HEB detectors
Abstract Fast-operating picosecond detector of electromagnetical radiation is developed on the basis of fine superconducting film of niobium nitride with high sensitivity within spectral range from millimetric waves up to visible light. Detector sensitive element represents structure covering narrow parallel strips with micron sizes included in the rupture of microstrip line. Detecting ability of the detector and time constant measured using amplitude-simulated radiation of reverse wave tubes and pulse radiation of picosecond gas and solid-body lasers, constitute D*≅1010 W-1·cm·Hz-1/2 and τ≤5 ps respectively, at 10 K temperature. The expected value of time constant of the detector at 10 K obtained via extrapolation of directly measured dependence that is, τ ∝ τ-1, constitutes 20 ps. Experimental data demonstrate that detection mechanism is linked with electron heating effect.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1670
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Lugovaya, G. Ya.; Serebryakova, N. A.; Chinkova, E. V.
Title Infrared radiation detectors on the base of electron heating in resistive state films from traditional superconducing materials Type Journal Article
Year 1992 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 5 Issue 6 Pages 1129-1140
Keywords IR HEB detectors
Abstract Characteristics of infrared radiation detectors based on electron heating in thin superconducting films transformed at T ≤ Tc to a resistive state by transport current and, if necessary, by magnetic field are investigated. A comparison is made of the characteristics of the detectors fabricated of different materials: aluminium, niobium, Mo0.5Re0.5. Some devices with different topology of the reception area are considered. Electron heating detectors are comparable by their sensitivity with superconducting bolometers, but differ in a high fast-response.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1673
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V.; Kouminov, P.; Goghidze, I. G.; Heusinger, M. A.; Nebosis, R. S.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Renk, K. F.
Title Transparency of YBCO film/substrate interfaces for thermal phonons determined by photoresponse measurements Type Conference Article
Year 1993 Publication Proc. 1st European Conf. on Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Proc. 1st European Conf. on Appl. Supercond.
Volume 2 Issue Pages 1443-1446
Keywords YBCO HTS detectors
Abstract Direct measurements of the thermal boundary resistance were performed by means of the stationary method. In this approach the temperature of an electrically heated film is controlled by its dc resistance while an additional film on the same substrate is used as a thermometer monitoring substrate temperature. The temperature field in the substrate is then calculated to deduce the Kapitza temperature step at the interface between the heated strip and the substrate. The main statement of all afore-said papers is that experimental values of the thermal boundary resistance are too large to be explained by the acoustic mismatch model. In this paper we investigate transparency of YBaCuO film/substrate interfaces for thermal phonons by means of photoresponse measurements. We show that our data are in reasonable agreement with the acoustic mismatch theory.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor Freyhardt, H. C.
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 3-88355-197-X Medium
Area Expedition Conference 1st European conference on applied superconductivity
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1661
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Voronov, B. M.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gubkina, T. O.; Semash, V. D.
Title Superconductive properties of ultrathin NbN films on different substrates Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika Abbreviated Journal Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika
Volume 7 Issue 6 Pages 1097-1102
Keywords NbN films
Abstract A study was made on dependence of surface resistance, critical temperature and width of superconducting transition on application temperature and thickness of NbN films, which varied within the range of 3-10 nm. Plates of sapphire, fused and monocrystalline quartz, MgO, as well as Si and silicon oxide were used as substrates. NbN films with 160 μθ·cm specific resistance and 16.5 K (Tc) critical temperature were obtained on sapphire substrates. Intensive growth of ΔTc was noted for films, applied on fused quartz, with increase of precipitation temperature. This is explained by occurrence of high tensile stresses in NbN films, caused by sufficient difference of thermal coefficients of expansion of NbN and quartz.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0131-5366 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Сверхпроводниковые свойства ультратонких пленок NbN на различных подложках Approved no
Call Number Serial 1631
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Author Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Papis, E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title A method of optimization of the NbN superconducting single-photon detector Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication INIS Abbreviated Journal INIS
Volume 36 Issue 27 Pages 1-2
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 5-th International Symposium Ion Implantation and Other Applications of Ions and Electrons, ION
Notes Reference num. 36060124 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1485
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Author Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Bar, J.; Grabiec, P.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Verevkin, M.; Sobolewski, R.
Title NbN superconducting single-photon detectors coupled with a communication fiber Type Miscellaneous
Year 2004 Publication INIS Abbreviated Journal INIS
Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 1-2
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract
Address Stare Jablonki, Poland
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 8-th Electron Technology Conference ELTE
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1486
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Zhang, Wen; Li, Ning; Jiang, Ling; Miao, Wei; Lin, Zhen-Hui; Yao, Qi-Jun; Shi, Sheng-Cai; Chen, Jian; Wu, Pei-Heng; Svechnikov, S. I.; Vachtomin, Y. B.; Antipov, S. V.; Voronov, B. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Noise behaviour of a THz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Chinese Phys. Lett. Abbreviated Journal Chinese Phys. Lett.
Volume 24 Issue 6 Pages 1778-1781
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract A quasi-optical superconducting NbN hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer is measured in the frequency range of 0.5–2.5 THz for understanding of the frequency dependence of noise temperature of THz coherent detectors. It has been found that noise temperature increasing with frequency is mainly due to the coupling loss between the quasi-optical planar antenna and the superconducting HEB bridge when taking account of non-uniform distribution of high-frequency current. With the coupling loss corrected, the superconducting HEB mixer demonstrates a noise temperature nearly independent of frequency.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0256-307X ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1430
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Il'in, K. S.; Verevkin, A. A.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Infrared hot-electron NbN superconducting photodetectors for imaging applications Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 12 Issue 11 Pages 755-758
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We report an effective quantum efficiency of 340, responsivity >200 A W-1 (>104 V W-1) and response time of 27±5 ps at temperatures close to the superconducting transition for NbN superconducting hot-electron photodetectors (HEPs) in the near-infrared and optical ranges. Our studies were performed on a few nm thick NbN films deposited on sapphire substrates and patterned into µm-size multibridge detector structures, incorporated into a coplanar transmission line. The time-resolved photoresponse was studied by means of subpicosecond electro-optic sampling with 100 fs wide laser pulses. The quantum efficiency and responsivity studies of our photodetectors were conducted using an amplitude-modulated infrared beam, fibre-optically coupled to the device. The observed picosecond response time and the very high efficiency and sensitivity of the NbN HEPs make them an excellent choice for infrared imaging photodetectors and input optical-to-electrical transducers for superconducting digital circuits.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1562
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Rönnung, F.; Cherednichenko, S.; Winkler, D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title A nanoscale YBCO mixer optically coupled with a bow tie antenna Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 12 Issue 11 Pages 853-855
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB mixers
Abstract The bolometric response of YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO) hot-electron bolometers (HEBs) to near-infrared radiation was studied. Devices were fabricated from a 50 nm thick film and had in-plane areas of 10 × 10 µm2, 2 × 0.2 µm2, 1 × 0.2µm2 and 0.5 × 0.2 µm2. We found that nonequilibrium phonons cool down more effectively for the bolometers with smaller area. For the smallest bolometer the bolometric component in the response is 10 dB less than for the largest one.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1563
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Smirnov, K.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Gol'tsman, G.; Zhang, J.; Slysz, W.; Verevkin, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title An ultrafast NbN hot-electron single-photon detector for electronic applications Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 15 Issue 12 Pages 1689-1692
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD, QE, jitter, dark counts
Abstract We present the latest generation of our superconducting single-photon detector (SPD), which can work from ultraviolet to mid-infrared optical radiation wavelengths. The detector combines a high speed of operation and low jitter with high quantum efficiency (QE) and very low dark count level. The technology enhancement allows us to produce ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) structures that demonstrate QE hundreds of times better, at 1.55 μm, than previous 10 nm thick SPDs. The best, 10 × 10 μm2, SPDs demonstrate QE up to 5% at 1.55 μm and up to 11% at 0.86 μm. The intrinsic detector QE, normalized to the film absorption coefficient, reaches 100% at bias currents above 0.9 Ic for photons with wavelengths shorter than 1.3 μm.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1533
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Gousev, Y. P.; Zorin, M. A.; Gogidze, I. G.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Lang, P. T.; Knott, W. J.; Renk, K. F.
Title Sensitive picosecond NbN detector for radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 4 Issue 9 Pages 453-456
Keywords NbN HEB detectors
Abstract The authors report on the application of a broad-band NbN film detector which has high sensitivity and picosecond response time for detection of radiation from millimetre wavelengths to visible light. From a study of amplitude modulated radiation of backward-wave tubes and picosecond pulses from gas and solid state lasers at wavelengths between 2 mm and 0.53 mu m, they found a detectivity of 1010 W-1 cm Hz-1/2 and a response time of less than 50 ps at T=10 K. The characteristics were provided by using a 150 AA thick NbN film patterned into a structure of micron strips. According to the proposed detection mechanism, namely electron heating, they expect an intrinsic response time of approximately 20 ps at the same temperature.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 242
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Danerud, M.; Winkler, D.; Lindgren, M.; Zorin, M.; Trifonov, V.; Karasik, B.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title A fast infrared detector based on patterned YBCO thin film Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Supercond. Sci. Technol. Abbreviated Journal Supercond. Sci. Technol.
Volume 7 Issue 5 Pages 321-323
Keywords YBCO HTS detector
Abstract Detectors for infrared radiation ( lambda =0.85 mu m) were made of 50 nm thick YBa2Cu3O7- delta films on LaAlO3 and MgO or 60 nm thick films on NdGaO3. Parallel strips (1 mu m wide by 20 mu m long) were patterned in the films and formed the active device. These devices were designed to detect short infrared laser pulses by electron heating. The detectors were current biased into the resistive and the normal states. The response was studied in direct pulse measurements as well as by amplitude modulation of a laser. The pulse measurements showed a fast picosecond response followed by a slower decay related to phonon escape through the film-substrate interface and heat diffusion in the substrate. The frequency spectra up to 10 GHz showed two slopes with a knee corresponding to the phonon escape time.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0953-2048 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1646
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Author Milostnaya, I.; Korneev, A.; Rubtsova, I.; Seleznev, V.; Minaeva, O.; Chulkova, G.; Okunev, O.; Voronov, B.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Slysz, W.; Wegrzecki, M.; Guziewicz, M.; Bar, J.; Gorska, M.; Pearlman, A.; Kitaygorsky, J.; Cross, A.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Superconducting single-photon detectors designed for operation at 1.55-µm telecommunication wavelength Type Conference Article
Year 2006 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
Volume 43 Issue Pages 1334-1337
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We report on our progress in development of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs), specifically designed for secure high-speed quantum communications. The SSPDs consist of NbN-based meander nanostructures and operate at liquid helium temperatures. In general, our devices are capable of GHz-rate photon counting in a spectral range from visible light to mid-infrared. The device jitter is 18 ps and dark counts can reach negligibly small levels. The quantum efficiency (QE) of our best SSPDs for visible-light photons approaches a saturation level of ~30-40%, which is limited by the NbN film absorption. For the infrared range (1.55µm), QE is ~6% at 4.2 K, but it can be significantly improved by reduction of the operation temperature to the 2-K level, when QE reaches ~20% for 1.55-µm photons. In order to further enhance the SSPD efficiency at the wavelength of 1.55 µm, we have integrated our detectors with optical cavities, aiming to increase the effective interaction of the photon with the superconducting meander and, therefore, increase the QE. A successful effort was made to fabricate an advanced SSPD structure with an optical microcavity optimized for absorption of 1.55 µm photons. The design consisted of a quarter-wave dielectric layer, combined with a metallic mirror. Early tests performed on relatively low-QE devices integrated with microcavities, showed that the QE value at the resonator maximum (1.55-µm wavelength) was of the factor 3-to-4 higher than that for a nonresonant SSPD. Independently, we have successfully coupled our SSPDs to single-mode optical fibers. The completed receivers, inserted into a liquid-helium transport dewar, reached ~1% system QE for 1.55 µm photons. The SSPD receivers that are fiber-coupled and, simultaneously, integrated with resonators are expected to be the ultimate photon counters for optical quantum communications.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1450
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Author Smirnov, K.; Korneev, A.; Minaeva, O.; Divochiy, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Ryabchun, S.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Polonsky, S.
Title Ultrathin NbN film superconducting single-photon detector array Type Conference Article
Year 2007 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
Volume 61 Issue Pages 1081-1085
Keywords SSPD array
Abstract We report on the fabrication process of the 2 × 2 superconducting single-photon detector (SSPD) array. The SSPD array is made from ultrathin NbN film and is operated at liquid helium temperatures. Each detector is a nanowire-based structure patterned by electron beam lithography process. The advances in fabrication technology allowed us to produce highly uniform strips and preserve superconducting properties of the unpatterned film. SSPD exhibit up to 30% quantum efficiency in near infrared and up to 1% at 5-μm wavelength. Due to 120 MHz counting rate and 18 ps jitter, the time-domain multiplexing read-out is proposed for large scale SSPD arrays. Single-pixel SSPD has already found a practical application in non-invasive testing of semiconductor very-large scale integrated circuits. The SSPD significantly outperformed traditional single-photon counting avalanche diodes.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1742-6588 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 408
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Author Casaburi, A.; Ejrnaes, M.; Quaranta, O.; Gaggero, A.; Mattioli, F.; Leoni, R.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.; Lisitskiy, M.; Esposito, E.; Nappi, C.; Cristiano, R.; Pagano, S.
Title Experimental characterization of NbN nanowire optical detectors with parallel stripline configuration Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
Volume 97 Issue Pages 012265 (1 to 6)
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We have developed a novel geometrical configuration for NbN-based superconducting single photon optical detector (SSPD) that achieves two goals: a much lower intrinsic impedance, and a consequently greater bandwidth, and a much larger signal amplitude compared to the standard meandered configuration. This has been obtained by implementing a properly designed parallel stripline structure where a cascade switching mechanism occurs when one of the striplines is hit by an optical photon. The overall switching occurs synchronously and in a very short time, giving rise to a strong and fast voltage pulse. The SSPD have been realized using state of the art NbN deposition technology and e-beam lithography. The strips are 100 nm wide and 5 μm long and have been realized with 4 nm NbN film on sapphire and Si substrate. We report on experimental characterization of such novel devices. The performances of the proposed novel type of SSPD are compared with standard SSPD design and results in terms of signal amplitude, risetime and effective detection area.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher IOP Publishing Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1742-6596 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 8th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS 2007)
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1416
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Author Korneev, A.; Divochiy, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Minaeva, O.; Seleznev, V.; Kaurova, N.; Voronov, B.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Milostnaya, I.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title New advanced generation of superconducting NbN-nanowire single-photon detectors capable of photon number resolving Type Conference Article
Year 2008 Publication J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. Abbreviated Journal J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.
Volume 97 Issue Pages 012307 (1 to 6)
Keywords PNR SSPD; SNSPD
Abstract We present our latest generation of ultrafast superconducting NbN single-photon detectors (SSPD) capable of photon-number resolving (PNR). We have developed, fabricated and tested a multi-sectional design of NbN nanowire structures. The novel SSPD structures consist of several meander sections connected in parallel, each having a resistor connected in series. The novel SSPDs combine 10 μm × 10 μm active areas with a low kinetic inductance and PNR capability. That resulted in a significantly reduced photoresponse pulse duration, allowing for GHz counting rates. The detector's response magnitude is directly proportional to the number of incident photons, which makes this feature easy to use. We present experimental data on the performances of the PNR SSPDs. The PNR SSPDs are perfectly suited for fibreless free-space telecommunications, as well as for ultrafast quantum cryptography and quantum computing.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1742-6596 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1245
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Author Lusche, R.; Semenov, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Trifonov, A.; Korneev, A.; Gol'tsman, G.; Hübers, H.-W.
Title Effect of magnetic field on the photon detection in thin superconducting meander structures Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication Phys. Rev. B Abbreviated Journal Phys. Rev. B
Volume 89 Issue 10 Pages 104513 (1 to 7)
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract We have studied the influence of an externally applied magnetic field on the photon and dark count rates of meander-type niobium nitride superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Measurements have been performed at a temperature of 4.2 K, and magnetic fields up to 250 mT have been applied perpendicularly to the meander plane. While photon count rates are field independent at weak applied fields, they show a strong dependence at fields starting from approximately ±25 mT. This behavior, as well as the magnetic field dependence of the dark count rates, is in good agreement with the recent theoretical model of vortex-assisted photon detection and spontaneous vortex crossing in narrow superconducting lines. However, the local reduction of the superconducting free energy due to photon absorption, which is the fitting parameter in the model, increases much slower with the photon energy than the model predicts. Furthermore, changes in the free-energy during photon counts and dark counts depend differently on the current that flows through the meander. This indicates that photon counts and dark counts occur in different parts of the meander.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1098-0121 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1367
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Loudkov, D. N.
Title Terahertz superconducting hot-electron bolometer mixers and their application in radio astronomy Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Radiophys. Quant. Electron. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 46 Issue 8/9 Pages 604-617
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract We review the latest developments, research, and radioastronomy applications of hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers operated in the terahertz waveband. The physical principles of operation of terahertz HEB mixers are presented, their manufacturing from ultrathin NbN films, the main HEB-mixer parameters and their measurement techniques are discussed, and practical terahertz radioastronomy projects based on heterodyne receivers with HEB mixers are considered.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0033-8443 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes UDC 537.312.62 Approved no
Call Number Serial 472
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semyonov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Heating of electrons in superconductor in the resistive state due to electromagnetic radiation Type Journal Article
Year 1984 Publication Solid State Communications Abbreviated Journal Solid State Communications
Volume 50 Issue 3 Pages 207-212
Keywords Nb HEB
Abstract The effect of heating electrons with respect to phonons in a thin superconducting film driven into the resistive state by the current and the external magnetic field has been observed and investigated. This effect caused by the electromagnetic radiation is manifested in the increased resistance of the film and is not selective over the frequency range from 1010 to 1015 Hz. That the effect is frequency independent under the conditions of strong electron scattering caused by static defects is explained by the decisive role of electron -electron collisions in forming the distribution function. The characteristic time of resistance change, obtained experimentally, corresponds to the relaxation time of the order parameter near the superconducting transition and to the relaxation time of the nonelastic electron-phonon interaction at lower temperatures and in lower magnetic fields.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-1098 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1709
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Potapov, V. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Restriction of microwave enhancement of superconductivity in impure superconductors due to electron-electron interaction Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Solid State Communications Abbreviated Journal Solid State Communications
Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 639-641
Keywords impure superconductors
Abstract Transition from microwave enhancement of supercurrent to superconductivity suppression is investigated in impure superconductors. It is demonstrated that the frequency range of the enhancement effect narrows with the decrease of the electron mean free path, l, and at l ⩽ 1 nm electron heating is observed in the whole frequency range. Dependences of frequency boundaries on l are explained by taking into account strong electron-electron interaction in impure metals.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-1098 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1687
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Mechanism of picosecond response of granular YBaCuO films to electromagnetic radiation Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Solid State Communications Abbreviated Journal Solid State Communications
Volume 76 Issue 4 Pages 493-497
Keywords YBCO HTS detectors
Abstract The ultrafast mechanisms of radiation detection in granular YBaCuO films are studied in the wide wavelength range from millimeter to near infrared. With the rise of radiation frequency the Josephson detection at the grain boundary weak links is replaced by electron heating into the grains. This change occurs in the submillimeter wavelength range. Electron-phonon relaxation time τeph is determined by direct measurements and analyses quasistationary electron heating. Temperature dependence of τeph at T ≤ 40 K was found to be τeph ∼ T−1. The results show that detectors with the response time of few picoseconds at nitrogen temperature are attainable.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-1098 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1685
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Author Bespalov, A.V.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Semenov, A.D.; Renk, K.F.
Title Determination of the far-infrared emission characteristic of a cyclotron p-germanium laser by use of a superconducting Nb detector Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Solid State Communications Abbreviated Journal Solid State Communications
Volume 80 Issue 7 Pages 503-506
Keywords Nb detector, applications
Abstract We studied the far-infrared emission characteristics of a cyclotron p-germanium laser using a broad-band superconducting Nb film detector. For magnetic fields between ∼25 kOe and ∼50 kOe, emission in a frequency range from ∼50 cm-1 to ∼100 cm-1 with maximum intensity around 90 cm-1 was obtained. We determined, for fixed magnetic fields, electric field dependences of the emission intensity taking into account that the total electric field is a sum of the applied and the Hall electric field. An analysis of the emission intensity characteristic gives evidence that transitions between the two lowest Landau levels of light holes are responsible for the laser action.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0038-1098 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1677
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Author Verevkin, A. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulcova, G. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Yngvesson, K. S.
Title Direct measurements of energy relaxation time of electrons in AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures under quasi-equilibrium conditions Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication Surface Science Abbreviated Journal Surface Science
Volume 361-362 Issue Pages 569-573
Keywords 2DEG, AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures
Abstract For the first time, results are presented of a direct measurement of the energy relaxation time τε of 2D electrons in an AlGaAs/GaAs heterojunction at T = 1 and 5–20 K. A weak temperature dependence of τε for the T > 4K range and a linear temperature dependence of the reciprocal of τε for T < 4K have been observed. The linear dependence τε−1 ≈ T in the Bloch-Gruneisen regime is direct evidence of the predominance of the piezo-electric mechanism of electron-phonon interaction in non-elastic electron scattering processes. The values of τε in this regime are in very good agreement with the results of the Karpus theory. At higher temperatures, where the deformation-potential scattering becomes noticeable, a substantial disagreement between the experimental data and the theoretical results is observed.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0039-6028 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1609
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Potapov, V. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Restriction of microwave enhancement of superconductivity in impure superconductors due to electron-electron interaction Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Phys. B Condens. Mat. Abbreviated Journal Phys. B Condens. Mat.
Volume 169 Issue 1-4 Pages 629-630
Keywords impure superconductors
Abstract Transition from microwave enhancement of supercurrent to superconductivity suppression is investigated in impure superconductors. It is demonstrated that frequency range of enhancement effect narrows with the decrease of electron mean free path, ℓ, and at ℓ⩽1nm electron heating is observed in the whole frequency range. Dependences of frequency boundaries on ℓ are explained by taking into account strong electron-electron interaction in impure metals.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4526 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1682
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Author Gousev, Y. P.; Semenov, A. D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Sergeev, A. V.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Electron-phonon interaction in disordered NbN films Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Phys. B Condens. Mat. Abbreviated Journal Phys. B Condens. Mat.
Volume 194-196 Issue Pages 1355-1356
Keywords NbN films
Abstract Electron-phonon interaction time has been investigated in disordered films of NbN. A temperatures below 5.5 K tau_eph ~ T -1"6 which is attributed to the renormalisation of phonon spectrum in thin films.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4526 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1649
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V.
Title Processes of electron-phonon interaction in thin YBaCuO films Type Journal Article
Year 1991 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 185-189 Issue Pages 1371-1372
Keywords YBCO HTS detectors
Abstract The ultrafast voltage response of YBaCuO films to laser radiation is studied and compared with previously investigated quasiparicles response to radiation of submillimeter wavelength range. Voltage shift under the visible light radiation has two components. Picosecond response realized as suppression superconductivity by nonequilibrium excess quasiparticles, response time is determined by quasiparticles recombination rate. Nanosecond response is probably due to bolometric effect.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1676
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kouminov, P.; Goghidze, I.; Gershenzon, E. M.
Title Nonequilibrium kinetic inductive response of YBaCuO thin films to low-power laser pulses Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 235-240 Issue Pages 1979-1980
Keywords YBCO HTS KID
Abstract Transient non-equilibrium kinetic inductive voltage response of YBaCuO thin films to 20 ps pulses of YAG:Nd laser radiation with 0.63 μm and 1.5 μm wavelength has been revealed. By increasing the sensitivity of 100 ps resolution time registration system and diminishing light intensity (fluence 0.1-1 μJ2/cm2) and transport current (density j≤105 A/cm2) we observed a perculiar bipolar signal form with nearly equal amplitudes of each sign. The integration of the kinetic inductive response over time gives the result which is qualitatively of the same form as the response in the resistive and normal states: nonequilibrium picosecond scale component followed by bolometric nanosecond. Nonequilibrium response is interpreted as suppression of order parameter by excess of quasiparticles followed by a change in resistance in the resistive state and kinetic inductance in superconductive state.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1634
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Author Karasik, B.S.; Milostnaya, I.I.; Zorin, M.A.; Elantev, A.I.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Gershenzon, E.M.
Title Subnanosecond S-N and N-S switching of YBCO film induced by current pulse Type Journal Article
Year 1994 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 235-240 Issue Pages 1981-1982
Keywords YBCO HTS switches
Abstract A transition of YBCO bridge 60 nm thick from superconducting to normal state induced by an abrupt current step has been studied. A subnanosecond stage has been observed during both S-N and N-S transition. The data obtained can be explained by hot-electron phenomena. On the basis of experimental results a prediction of picosecond switch performance has been made.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1633
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Author Varyukhin, S. V.; Zakharov, A. A.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsyna, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M.
Title AC losses and submillimeter absorption in single crystals La2CuO4 Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Phys. B Condens. Mat. Abbreviated Journal Phys. B Condens. Mat.
Volume 165-166 Issue Pages 1269-1270
Keywords metal-dielectric-La2Cu04
Abstract The La2CuO4 single crystals were used to carry out the measurements of transmission spectra within the submillimeter range of wavelengths, as well as the capacitance C and conductivity G in the region of acoustic frequencies of the metal-dielectric-La2Cu04 system at low temperatures. The optical spectra display a threshold character. There takes place a sharp decreasing of transmission signal in the energy range of hυ>1.5meV. The C(ω,T) and G(ω,T) dependences have a universal form characteristic of relaxation processes of the Debye type. The relaxation time dependence displays a thermoactivation character τ(T)-exp(ξ/T) with a gap value of ξ≃2meV,coinciding with the optical one. It is assumed that there exist excitations with a characteristic energy ~ 2meV in La2Cu04.A possible nature of the revealed low-energy excitations is discussed.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4526 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1686
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Author Cherednichenko, S.; Rönnung, F.; Gol'tsman, G.; Kollberg, E.; Winkler, D.
Title YBa2Cu3O7−δ hot-electron bolometer mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 341-348 Issue Pages 2653-2654
Keywords YBCO HTS HEB mixers
Abstract We present an investigation of hot-electron bolometric mixer based on YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) superconducting thin film. Mixer conversion loss, absorbed local oscillator power and intermediate frequency bandwidth was measured at the local oscillator frequency 600 GHz. The fabrication technique for nanoscale YBCO hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixer integrated into planar antenna structure is described.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1552
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Author Cherednichenko, S.; Kroug, M.; Merkel, H.; Khosropanah, P.; Adam, A.; Kollberg, E.; Loudkov, D.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B.; Richter, H.; Huebers, H.-W.
Title 1.6 THz heterodyne receiver for the far infrared space telescope Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 372-376 Issue Pages 427-431
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications
Abstract A low noise heterodyne receiver is being developed for the terahertz range using a phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometric mixer based on 3.5 nm thick superconducting NbN film. In the 1–2 GHz intermediate frequency band the double-sideband receiver noise temperature was 450 K at 0.6 THz, 700 K at 1.6 THz and 1100 K at 2.5 THz. In the 3–8 GHz IF band the lowest receiver noise temperature was 700 K at 0.6 THz, 1500 K at 1.6 THz and 3000 K at 2.5 THz while it increased by a factor of 3 towards 8 GHz.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1527
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Author Semenov, A. D.; Hübers, H.-W.; Richter, H.; Birk, M.; Krocka, M.; Mair, U.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Voronov, B. M.
Title 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver with NbN hot-electron-bolometer mixer Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Phys. C: Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Phys. C: Supercond.
Volume 372-376 Issue Pages 448-453
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications
Abstract We describe a 2.5 THz heterodyne receiver for applications in astronomy and atmospheric research. The receiver employs a superconducting NbN phonon-cooled hot-electron-bolometer mixer and an optically pumped far-infrared gas laser as local oscillator. 2200 K double sideband mixer noise temperature was measured at 2.5 THz across a 1 GHz intermediate frequency bandwidth centred at 1.5 GHz. The total conversion losses were 17 dB. The mixer response was linear at load temperatures smaller than 400 K. The receiver was tested in the laboratory environment by measuring the methanol line in emission. Observed pressure broadening confirms the true heterodyne detection regime of the mixer.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0921-4534 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1526
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Author Lindgren, M.; Currie, M.; Zeng, W.-S.; Sobolewski, R.; Cherednichenko, S.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Picosecond response of a superconducting hot-electron NbN photodetector Type Journal Article
Year 1998 Publication Appl. Supercond. Abbreviated Journal Appl. Supercond.
Volume 6 Issue 7-9 Pages 423-428
Keywords NbN SSPD, SNSPD
Abstract The ps optical response of ultrathin NbN photodetectors has been studied by electro-optic sampling. The detectors were fabricated by patterning ultrathin (3.5 nm thick) NbN films deposited on sapphire by reactive magnetron sputtering into either a 5×10 μm2 microbridge or 25 1 μm wide, 5 μm long strips connected in parallel. Both structures were placed at the center of a 4 mm long coplanar waveguide covered with Ti/Au. The photoresponse was studied at temperatures ranging from 2.15 K to 10 K, with the samples biased in the resistive (switched) state and illuminated with 100 fs wide laser pulses at 395 nm wavelength. At T=2.15 K, we obtained an approximately 100 ps wide transient, which corresponds to a NbN detector response time of 45 ps. The photoresponse can be attributed to the nonequilibrium electron heating effect, where the incident radiation increases the temperature of the electron subsystem, while the phonons act as the heat sink. The high-speed response of NbN devices makes them an excellent choice for an optoelectronic interface for superconducting digital circuits, as well as mixers for the terahertz regime. The multiple-strip detector showed a linear dependence on input optical power and a responsivity =3.9 V/W.
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0964-1807 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1584
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Author Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Hot electron bolometric mixers: new terahertz technology Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Infrared Physics & Technology Abbreviated Journal Infrared Physics & Technology
Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 199-206
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract This paper presents an overview of recent results for NbN phonon-cooled hot electron bolometric (HEB) mixers. The noise temperature of the receivers based on both quasioptical and waveguide versions of HEB mixers has crossed the level of 1 K GHz−1 at 430 GHz (410 K), 600–650 GHz (480 K), 750 GHz (600 K), 810 GHz (780 K) and is close to that level at 1.1 THz (1250 K) and 2.5 THz (4500 K). The gain bandwidth measured for quasioptical HEB mixer at 620 GHz reached 4 GHz and the noise temperature bandwidth was almost 8 GHz. Local oscillator power requirements are about 1 μW for mixers made by photolithography and about 100 nW for mixers made by e-beam lithography. A waveguide version of 800 GHz receiver was installed at the Submillimeter Telescope Observatory on Mt. Graham, AZ, to conduct astronomical observations of known submillimeter lines (CO, J=7→6, CI, J=2→1). It was proved that the receiver works as a practical instrument.
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ISSN 1350-4495 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1570
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Author Kitaygorsky, Jennifer; Komissarov, I.; Jukna, A.; Minaeva, O.; Kaurova, N.; Divochiy, A.; Korneev, A.; Tarkhov, M.; Voronov, B.; Milostnaya, I.; Gol'tsman, G.; Sobolewski, R.
Title Fluctuations in two-dimensional superconducting NbN nanobridges and nanostructures meanders Type Abstract
Year 2007 Publication Proc. APS March Meeting Abbreviated Journal Proc. APS March Meeting
Volume 52 Issue 1 Pages L9.00013
Keywords
Abstract We have observed fluctuations, manifested as sub-nanosecond to nanosecond transient, millivolt-amplitude voltage pulses, generated in two-dimensional NbN nanobridges, as well as in extended superconducting meander nanostructures, designed for single photon counting. Both nanobridges and nano-stripe meanders were biased at currents close to the critical current and measured in a range of temperatures from 1.5 to 8 K. During the tests, the devices were blocked from all incoming radiation by a metallic enclosure and shielded from any external magnetic fields. We attribute the observed spontaneous voltage pulses to the Kosterlitz-Thouless-type fluctuations, where the high enough applied bias current reduces the binding energy of vortex-antivortex pairs and, subsequently, thermal fluctuations break them apart causing the order parameter to momentarily reduce to zero, which in turn causes a transient voltage pulse. The duration of the voltage pulses depended on the device geometry (with the high-kinetic inductance meander structures having longer, nanosecond, pulses) while their rate was directly related to the biasing current as well as temperature.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1027
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Author Boyarskii, D. A.; Gershenzon, V. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Tikhonov, V. V.; Chulkova, G. M.
Title On the possibility of determining the microstructural parameters of an oil-bearing layer from radiophysical measurement data Type Journal Article
Year 1996 Publication J. of Communications Technology and Electronics Abbreviated Journal J. of Communications Technology and Electronics
Volume 41 Issue 5 Pages 408-414
Keywords submillimeter waves, transmission
Abstract A method for the reconstruction of microstructural properties of an oil-bearing rock from the spectral dependence of the transmission factor of submillimeter waves is proposed.
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ISSN 1064-2269 ISBN Medium
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Notes Радиотехника и электроника 41, no. 4 (1996): 441-447 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1611
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Author Gao, J. R.; Hajenius, M.; Baselmans, J. J. A.; Klapwijk, T. M.; de Korte, P. A. J.; Voronov, B.; Gol'tsman, G.
Title NbN hot electron bolometer mixers with superior performance for space applications Type Conference Article
Year 2004 Publication Proc. Int. workshop on low temp. electronics Abbreviated Journal Proc. Int. workshop on low temp. electronics
Volume Issue Pages 11-17
Keywords NbN HEB mixers, applications
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Publisher Place of Publication Noordwijk Editor Armandillo, E.; Leone, B.
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Area Expedition Conference International workshop on low temperature electronics- WOLTE 6 - Noordwijk
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1496
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Author Gershenson, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Kagane, M. L.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsina, N. G.
Title Use of submillimeter backward-wave tube spectroscopy in determination of the chemical nature and concentration of residual impurities in pure semiconductors Type Journal Article
Year 1983 Publication Sov. Phys. Semicond. Abbreviated Journal Sov. Phys. Semicond.
Volume 17 Issue 8 Pages 908-913
Keywords BWO spectroscopy, pure semiconductors, residual impurities
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Notes Применение субмиллиметровой ЛОВ спектроскопии для определения химической природы и концентрации примесей в чистых полупроводниках Approved no
Call Number Serial 1714
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Author Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.
Title Effect of electromagnetic radiation on a superconductor in a magnetic field Type Conference Article
Year 1988 Publication Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya Abbreviated Journal Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya
Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 449-451
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Abstract The effect of electromagnetic radiation on thin superconducting films of Nb with a large number of static defects is investigated experimentally for the case where the film is in the resistive state due to an applied magnetic field and transport current. The results obtained are found to be well described by a model of spatially homogeneous electron heating. It is noted that the results obtained here for Nb films are also valid for Al, NbN, and MoRe films.
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Language Russian Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN 0367-6765 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference 4th Vsesoiuznyi Seminar po Opticheskomu Detektirovaniiu Magnitnykh Rezonansov v Tverdykh Telakh, Tallin, Estonian SSR, Apr. 1987
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1702
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Author Karasik, B. S.; Il'in, K. S.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Pechen', E. V.; Krasnosvobodtsev, S. I.
Title Electron-phonon scattering rate in impure NbC films Type Abstract
Year 1998 Publication NASA/ADS Abbreviated Journal NASA/ADS
Volume Issue Pages Y35.08
Keywords NbC films
Abstract The study of the electron-phonon interaction in thin (20 nm) NbC films with electron mean free path l=2-13 nm gives an evidence that electron scattering is significantly modified due to the interference between electron-phonon and elastic electron scattering from impurities. The interference ~T^2-term, which is proportional to the residual resistivity, dominates over the Bloch-Grüneisen contribution to resistivity at low temperatures up to 60 K. The electron energy relaxation rate is directly measured via the relaxation of hot electrons heated by modulated electromagnetic radiation. In the temperature range 1.5 – 10 K the relaxation rate shows a weak dependence on the electron mean free path and strong temperature dependence T^n with the exponent n = 2.5-3. This behaviour is well explained by the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference taking into account the electron coupling with transverse phonons determined from the resistivity data.
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Area Expedition Conference American Physical Society, Annual March Meeting, March 16-20, 1998 Los Angeles, CA
Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 1591
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Author Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm; Semenov, A.; Richter, H.; Smirnov, K.; Gol'tsman, G.; Voronov, B.
Title Phonon cooled far-infrared hot electron bolometer mixer Type Abstract
Year 2002 Publication NASA/ADS Abbreviated Journal NASA/ADS
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords NbN HEB mixers
Abstract Heterodyne receivers for applications in astronomy need quantum-limited sensitivity. At frequencies above 1.4 THz superconducting hot electron bolometers (HEB) can be used to achieve this goal. We present results of the development of a quasi-optical phonon-cooled NbN HEB mixer for GREAT, the German heterodyne receiver for SOFIA. Different mixers with logarithmic spiral and double slot feed antennas have been investigated with respect to their noise temperature, conversion loss, linearity and beam pattern at several frequencies between 0.7 THz and 5.2 THz. At 2.5 THz a double sideband noise temperature of 2200 K was achieved. The conversion loss was 16 dB. The response of the mixer was linear up to 400 K load temperature. This performance was verified by measuring an emission line of methanol at 2.5 THz. The results demonstrate that the NbN HEB is very well suited as a mixer for FIR heterodyne receivers.
Address Monterey, CA
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Area Expedition Conference Far-IR, Sub-mm & MM Detector Technology Workshop, 1-3 April 2002
Notes id.37 Approved no
Call Number Serial 1534
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