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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gogidze, I. G.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Processes of electron-phonon interaction in thin YBaCuO films |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Phys. C: Supercond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. C: Supercond. |
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Volume |
185-189 |
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Pages |
1371-1372 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS detectors |
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Abstract |
The ultrafast voltage response of YBaCuO films to laser radiation is studied and compared with previously investigated quasiparicles response to radiation of submillimeter wavelength range. Voltage shift under the visible light radiation has two components. Picosecond response realized as suppression superconductivity by nonequilibrium excess quasiparticles, response time is determined by quasiparticles recombination rate. Nanosecond response is probably due to bolometric effect. |
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0921-4534 |
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1676 |
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Bespalov, A.V.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Semenov, A.D.; Renk, K.F. |
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Title |
Determination of the far-infrared emission characteristic of a cyclotron p-germanium laser by use of a superconducting Nb detector |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Solid State Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Solid State Communications |
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Volume |
80 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
503-506 |
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Keywords |
Nb detector, applications |
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Abstract |
We studied the far-infrared emission characteristics of a cyclotron p-germanium laser using a broad-band superconducting Nb film detector. For magnetic fields between ∼25 kOe and ∼50 kOe, emission in a frequency range from ∼50 cm-1 to ∼100 cm-1 with maximum intensity around 90 cm-1 was obtained. We determined, for fixed magnetic fields, electric field dependences of the emission intensity taking into account that the total electric field is a sum of the applied and the Hall electric field. An analysis of the emission intensity characteristic gives evidence that transitions between the two lowest Landau levels of light holes are responsible for the laser action. |
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0038-1098 |
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1677 |
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Lang, P. T.; Leipold, I.; Knott, W. J.; Semenov, A. D.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Renk, K. F. |
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Title |
New far-infrared laser lines from CH3Cl and CH3Br optically pumped with a continuously tunable high pressure CO2 laser |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Appl. Phys. B |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. B |
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Volume |
53 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
207-212 |
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Keywords |
CO2 IR lasers, applications, CH3Cl, CH3Br |
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In this paper we report on the detection of new far-infrared laser lines from CH3Cl and CH3Br optically pumped with a continuously tunable high pressure CO2 laser. We found 80 new lines for CH3Cl and 9 new lines for CH3Br in the frequency region between 16 cm−1 and 41 cm−1, all due to stimulated Raman scattering. For the Raman gain regions bandwidths up to about 700 MHz were found. We also observed high intensity short far-infrared laser pulses of durations in the nanosecond regime. |
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0721-7269 |
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1678 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Mechanism of picosecond response of granular YBaCuO films to electromagnetic radiation |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Magn. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Magn. |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1321-1324 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS detectors |
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Abstract |
Ultrafast mechanisms of radiation detection in granular YBaCuO films are studied in the wide wavelength range from millimeter waves to near infrared. With an increase in radiation frequency, the Josephson detection at the grain-boundary weak links is replaced by electron heating into the grains. This change occurs in the submillimeter wavelength range. The electron-phonon relaxation time tau /sub eph/ is determined from direct measurements, quasi-stationary electron heating measurements, and the frequency dependence of the current at which maximum voltage shift is observed. The temperature dependence of tau /sub eph/ at T<or=40 K was found to be tau /sub eph/ approximately T/sup -1/. The results show that detectors with a response time of a few picoseconds at nitrogen temperature are attainable. |
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1941-0069 |
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1679 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Dzardanov, A. L.; Zorin, M. A. |
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Title |
Ultrafast superconductive switch |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
IEEE Trans. Magn. |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Magn. |
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Volume |
27 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
2844-2846 |
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Keywords |
Nb superconducting switch |
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Abstract |
The transition from superconductive to resistive state caused by infrared radiation and bias current pulses was investigated in order to minimize switching time tau and driving power W. Experimental results for Nb microstrips confirm the correctness of calculations based on the model of electron heating. For Nb switches, tau measured directly is 0.3-0.8 ns for radiation pulses and 1-3 ns for bias current pulses at T=4.2 K, while for YBaCuO switches at T=77 K it is expected to be several picoseconds. For an YBaCuO sample with the dimensions of 5*2*0.15 mu m/sup 2/, W was 10 mW, and it can be further reduced to the order of several microwatts by decreasing the volume of the sample. |
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1941-0069 |
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1680 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Potapov, V. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Restriction of microwave enhancement of superconductivity in impure superconductors due to electron-electron interaction |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Phys. B Condens. Mat. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. B Condens. Mat. |
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Volume |
169 |
Issue |
1-4 |
Pages |
629-630 |
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Keywords |
impure superconductors |
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Abstract |
Transition from microwave enhancement of supercurrent to superconductivity suppression is investigated in impure superconductors. It is demonstrated that frequency range of enhancement effect narrows with the decrease of electron mean free path, ℓ, and at ℓ⩽1nm electron heating is observed in the whole frequency range. Dependences of frequency boundaries on ℓ are explained by taking into account strong electron-electron interaction in impure metals. |
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0921-4526 |
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1682 |
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Author |
Aksaev, E. E.; Gershenzon, E.M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Mirskij, G. I.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Submillimetric spectrometer-relaxometer based on backward-wave tubes with picosecond time resolution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
125-131 |
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BWO, applications |
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Abstract |
The high-sensitive automatic spectrometer-relaxometer based on backward-wave tubes in the range of 4÷0.25 mm was described permitting to study the response kinetics of sample under investigation in any point of this range with the resolution time of 10-11 s. The relaxation measurements were conducted using oscillation beats of two adequate tubes, the frequency of one of them was fixed, while that of the other one was changeable. The amplitude-frequency characteristic of the response under the conditions of synchronous reception was recorded at beat frequency variation from 107 to 1010 Hz. The high sensitivity was reached by decreasing the device recording band down to 100 Hz in the whole measuring range. |
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0032-8162 |
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1683 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gogidze, I. G.; Goltsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Picosecond response on optical-range emission in thin YBaCuO films |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
6-10 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS detectors |
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Abstract |
Целью настоящей работы является целенаправленный поиск пико-секундного отклика на оптическое излучение выяснение оптимальных условий его наблюдения, а также сравнение характеристик неравновесных эффектов в оптическом и субмиллиметровом диапазонах. |
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Russian |
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1684 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Mechanism of picosecond response of granular YBaCuO films to electromagnetic radiation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Solid State Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Solid State Communications |
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Volume |
76 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
493-497 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS detectors |
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Abstract |
The ultrafast mechanisms of radiation detection in granular YBaCuO films are studied in the wide wavelength range from millimeter to near infrared. With the rise of radiation frequency the Josephson detection at the grain boundary weak links is replaced by electron heating into the grains. This change occurs in the submillimeter wavelength range. Electron-phonon relaxation time τeph is determined by direct measurements and analyses quasistationary electron heating. Temperature dependence of τeph at T ≤ 40 K was found to be τeph ∼ T−1. The results show that detectors with the response time of few picoseconds at nitrogen temperature are attainable. |
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0038-1098 |
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1685 |
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Varyukhin, S. V.; Zakharov, A. A.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsyna, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M. |
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Title |
AC losses and submillimeter absorption in single crystals La2CuO4 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Phys. B Condens. Mat. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. B Condens. Mat. |
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Volume |
165-166 |
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1269-1270 |
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metal-dielectric-La2Cu04 |
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The La2CuO4 single crystals were used to carry out the measurements of transmission spectra within the submillimeter range of wavelengths, as well as the capacitance C and conductivity G in the region of acoustic frequencies of the metal-dielectric-La2Cu04 system at low temperatures. The optical spectra display a threshold character. There takes place a sharp decreasing of transmission signal in the energy range of hυ>1.5meV. The C(ω,T) and G(ω,T) dependences have a universal form characteristic of relaxation processes of the Debye type. The relaxation time dependence displays a thermoactivation character τ(T)-exp(ξ/T) with a gap value of ξ≃2meV,coinciding with the optical one. It is assumed that there exist excitations with a characteristic energy ~ 2meV in La2Cu04.A possible nature of the revealed low-energy excitations is discussed. |
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0921-4526 |
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1686 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Potapov, V. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Restriction of microwave enhancement of superconductivity in impure superconductors due to electron-electron interaction |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Solid State Communications |
Abbreviated Journal |
Solid State Communications |
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Volume |
75 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
639-641 |
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Keywords |
impure superconductors |
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Transition from microwave enhancement of supercurrent to superconductivity suppression is investigated in impure superconductors. It is demonstrated that the frequency range of the enhancement effect narrows with the decrease of the electron mean free path, l, and at l ⩽ 1 nm electron heating is observed in the whole frequency range. Dependences of frequency boundaries on l are explained by taking into account strong electron-electron interaction in impure metals. |
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0038-1098 |
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1687 |
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Varyukhin, S. V.; Zakharov, A. A.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M. |
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Title |
Low energy excitation in La2CuO4 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika |
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Sverkhprovodimost': Fizika, Khimiya, Tekhnika |
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3 |
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5 |
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832-837 |
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metal-dielectric-La2CuO4, monocrystals |
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Measurements of transmission and photoconductivity spectra in submillimeter wave length range as well as of capacity C and conductivity G in the region of acoustic frequencies of metal-dielectric-La2CuO4 system at low temperatures are performed using La2CuO4 monocrystals. Optical spectra posses a threshold character, a sharp decrease of transmission and photocoductivity signal occurs in the energy region hν>1.5 MeV. C(ω,T) and G(ω, T) dependences have a universal form typical of Debye type relaxation processes. Relaxation time dependence is of thermoactivated character τ(T)∼exp(ξ/T) with the gap value ξ≅2 meV. It is assumed that excitations with characteristic energy of ∼2 meV exist in La2CuO4. A possible nature of the detected low-energy excitations is discussed. |
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1688 |
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Author |
Воеводин, Е. И.; Гершензон, Е. М.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Птицина, Н. Г. |
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Title |
Энергетический спектр мелких акцепторов в сильно одноосно деформированном Ge |
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Journal Article |
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1989 |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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23 |
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8 |
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1356-1361 |
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Ge, crystallography |
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Abstract |
Проведены исследования спектров фототермической ионизации мелких акцепторов (В, Аl) в Ge, предельно сжатом вдоль кристаллографической оси [100]. Из данных измерений с учетом теории построен энергетический спектр примесей. Показано, что энергии большого числа уровней четных и нечетных состояний хорошо соответствуют расчету, выполненному для примесей в анизотропном полупроводнике с параметром анизотропии γ=m∗⊥/m∗∥>1. |
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Duplicated as 1692 |
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1691 |
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Aksaev, E. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Interaction of electrons with thermal phonons in YBa2Cu3O7-δ films at low temperatures |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
283-286 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS films |
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Abstract |
The time of electron-phonon interaction tau(eph) in YBaCuO films at low temperatures is studied. This is measured as the time of resistance relaxation in the resistive state of the superconducter, and is also determined from the increase in resistance under the action of radiation. Consistent results of these methods show that resistance relaxation in the resistive state is caused by cooling of the electron subsystem with respect to the phonon subsystem. The time tau(eph) is found to be inversely proportional to the temperature and comes to 80 ps when T = 1.6 K and 5 ps when T = 30 K. 6 refs. |
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1690 |
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Voevodin, E. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Energy-spectrum of shallow acceptors in Ge deformed strongly by a uniaxial pressure |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. and Technics of Semiconductors |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. and Technics of Semiconductors |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
843-846 |
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Keywords |
Ge, crystallography |
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Abstract |
Проведены исследования спектров фототермической ионизации мелких акцепторов (В, Аl) в Ge, предельно сжатом вдоль кристаллографической оси [100]. Из данных измерений с учетом теории построен энергетический спектр примесей. Показано, что энергии большого числа уровней четных и нечетных состояний хорошо соответствуют расчету, выполненному для примесей в анизотропном полупроводнике с параметром анизотропии γ=m∗⊥/m∗∥>1. |
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Энергетический спектр мелких акцепторов в сильно одноосно деформированном Ge |
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1692 |
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Aksaev, E. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Prospects for using high-temperature superconductors to create electron bolometers |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
88-93 |
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HTS HEB |
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0320-0116 |
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Перспективы применения высокотемпературных сверхпроводников для создания электронных болометров |
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1693 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Lyulkin, A. M.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Fast-response superconducting electron bolometer |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pisma v Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
88-92 |
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Keywords |
Nb HEB |
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Abstract |
The general design, operation, and performance characteristics of fast-response electronic bolometers using a thin superconducting Nb film on a leucosapphire substrate are briefly reviewed. The volt-watt sensitivity of the bolometrs is 2,000-200,000 V/W, the operating temperature is 1.6 K, and the time constant is 4-4.5 ns. |
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1694 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Sergeev, A.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Picosecond response of YBaCuO films to electromagnetic radiation |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Proc. European Conf. High-Tc Thin Films and Single Crystals |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. European Conf. High-Tc Thin Films and Single Crystals |
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Pages |
457-462 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS detectors |
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Radiation-induced change of the resistance was studied in the resistive state of YBaCuO films. Electron-phonon relaxation time T h was determmed from direct ep measurements and analysis of quasistationary electron heating. Temperature dependence of That TS 40 K was found to – ep be T h.. T'. The resul ts show that ep detectors with the response time of few picosecond at nitrogen temperature can be realized. |
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Gorzkowski, W.; Gutowski, M.; Reich, A.; Szymczak, H. |
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European Conference , Ustroń, Poland , 30 Sept – 4 Oct 1989 |
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no |
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1695 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E.; Goltsman, G. N.; Lyulkin, A. M.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Limiting characteristics of fast-response superconducting bolometers |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zhurnal Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
11-120 |
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HEB |
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Abstract |
Теоретически и экспериментально исследовано физическое ограничение быстродействия сверхпроводящего болометра. Показано, что минимальная постоянная времени реализуется в условиях электронного разогрева и определяется процессом неупругого электрон-фонон-ного взаимодействия. Сформулированы требования к конструкции «электронного болометра» для достижения предельной чувствительности. Проведено сравнение характеристик электронного болометра и обычных болометров различных типов. |
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no |
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Serial |
1696 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Karasik, B. S.; Potoskuev, S. E. |
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Title |
Intense electromagnetic radiation heating of superconductor electrons in resistive state |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fizika Nizkikh Temperatur |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
753-763 |
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Nb HEB |
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Abstract |
An experimental study is made of the effect of intense radiation in the millimeter and submillimeter ranges on thin and narrow Nb films in the resistive state. It is found that the excess resistance resulting from radiation and the dependence of its relaxation time on radiation intensity and transport current can be explained in terms of the effect of electron heating. Quantitative agreement is obtained between the experimental data and a homogeneous electron heating model. |
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no |
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1697 |
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Voevodin, E. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M. |
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Title |
Capture of free holes by charged acceptors in uniaxially deformed Ge |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
540-543 |
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Ge, free holes, capture |
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Цель настоящей работы — исследование кинетики примесной фотопроводимости p-Ge при сильном одноосном сжатии в широком диапазоне изменения интенсивности примесного подсвета, создающего свободные дырки, и определение сечения каскадного захвата дырок на мелкие заряженные акцепторы в условиях преобладания электрон-фононного механизма потерь энергии. |
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Захват свободных дырок заряженными акцепторами в одноосно деформированном Ge |
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no |
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1698 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Mirskii, G. I. |
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Title |
Submillimeter backward-wave-tube spectrometer-relaxometer |
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Journal Article |
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1987 |
Publication |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
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Volume |
30 |
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4 |
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131-137 |
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BWO, applications |
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Abstract |
A backward-wave-tube (BWT) spectrometer-relaxometer is described that is designed for study of the relaxation characteristics of photoconductors in the wavelength range of 2-0.25 mm – in particular, to measure the relaxation times of the submillimeter photoconductivity of germanium in the range of 10[sup:-4]-10[sup:-9] sec and to determine from these data the concentration of compensating impurities of from 10[sup:10] to 10[sup:14] cm[sup:-3]. The instrument uses the beats of the oscillations of two BWTs and records the amplitude-frequency response of the specimen with variation of the beat frequency from 10[sup:4] to 10[sup:8] Hz with accumulation of the desired signal for less than or equal to1 sec by means of a quadrature synchronous detector. The beat frequency is stabilized and the quadrature voltages of the synchronous detector are formed by means of phase-locked loops. |
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1699 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Effect of electromagnetic radiation on a superconductor in a magnetic field |
Type |
Conference Article |
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1988 |
Publication |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
Abbreviated Journal |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
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52 |
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3 |
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449-451 |
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The effect of electromagnetic radiation on thin superconducting films of Nb with a large number of static defects is investigated experimentally for the case where the film is in the resistive state due to an applied magnetic field and transport current. The results obtained are found to be well described by a model of spatially homogeneous electron heating. It is noted that the results obtained here for Nb films are also valid for Al, NbN, and MoRe films. |
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0367-6765 |
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4th Vsesoiuznyi Seminar po Opticheskomu Detektirovaniiu Magnitnykh Rezonansov v Tverdykh Telakh, Tallin, Estonian SSR, Apr. 1987 |
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1702 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Measurement of the energy gap in the compound YBaCu3O9-δ on the basis of the IR absorption spectrum |
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Journal Article |
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1987 |
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JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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46 |
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5 |
Pages |
237-238 |
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YBCO HTS detectors |
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For the first time the long-wave infrared absorption spectrum has been measured by means of the bolometric effect and energy gap for high-temperature superconducting ceramics YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 9-delta/ has been determined from absorption threshold. 2delta/kT/sub c/ value is equal to 0.6. |
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1703 |
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Gershenzon, Ye. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Yelantyev, A. I.; Petrova, Ye. B.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Filatov, V. S. |
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Lecture demonstrations of properties of superconductors and liquid helium |
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1987 |
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USSR Rept Phys. Math. JPRS UPM |
Abbreviated Journal |
USSR Rept Phys. Math. JPRS UPM |
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24 |
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7 |
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51 |
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demonstrations, lections |
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New demonstrations for low temperature physics courses are described. Two transparent Dewar vacuum flasks fitting one inside the other with the external flask for nitrogen and the internal flask for helium are used. The helium temperature can be regulated in the 4.2 to 1.6 K range and the effects of reducing helium to the superfluid state at 2.17 K can be shown: boiling abruptly stops and superfluid flow appears. In order to show the electric and magnetic characteristics of superconductivity, a superconducting NbTi solenoid containing nonsuperconducting wire and germanium and superconducting Nb materials with different critical temperatures is placed in the helium refrigerant vessel. The fall of the resistance at the critical temperatures can be shown. In order to show magnetic field and superconductive current flow properties a shunt of superconductive material is connected in parallel to the coil and is enclosed in a teflon container with a heater which can vary its temperature. When it is heated and not superconductive, magnetic field effects can be demonstrated and when it is unheated and superconducting a continuous current can be demonstrated. |
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1704 |
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Gol'tsman, G. N.; Gusinskii, E. N.; Malyavkin, A. V.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Selevko, A. G.; Edel'shtein, V. M. |
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Title |
The excitonic Zeeman effect in uniaxially-strained germanium |
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Journal Article |
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1987 |
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Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
65 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1233-1241 |
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Ge, Zeeman effect |
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Abstract |
We have carried out a high-resolution spectroscopic study of the absorption of submillimeter radiation by free excitons in germanium compressed along the [ 1 11 ] axis in a magnetic field parallel to the compression axis. In particular, we studied the splitting of the 1s- 2p transition in fields up to 6 kOe at T = 1.6 K, and observed a complex pattern in the Zeeman splitting which we believe is related to the effect of thermal motion of the excitons in a magnetic field on their internal structure (the magneto-Stark effect). The calculated submillimeter spectrum of excitons agrees with the experimental data. We predict that in a magnetic field the energy of the 2p, term is a minimum at a finite value of the exciton momentum perpendicular to the field-that is, the energy minimum forms a ring in momentum space. It follows that the density of states for this term must be a nonmonotonic function of the energy. A theory is developed of analogous phenomena in positronium. |
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1705 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Karasik, B. S.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Light-induced heating of electrons and the time of the inelastic electron-phonon scattering in the YBaCuO compound |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1987 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
46 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
285-287 |
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Keywords |
YBCO HTS HEB |
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Abstract |
For the first time, measurements have been made on the electron energy relaxation time due to the electron--phonon interaction in films of the YBaCuO superconductor. The results indicate a significant intensification of the electron--phonon interaction in this compound as compared with normal superconducting metals. |
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1706 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Riger, E. R. |
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Title |
Effect of electron-electron collisions on the trapping of free carriers by shallow impurity centers in germanium |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
889-897 |
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Keywords |
Ge, trapping of free carriers |
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Abstract |
Cascade Auger recombination of free carriers on shallow impurities in Ge is investigated under quasi-equilibrium conditions (T= 2-12 K) and in impurity breakdown. The Auger capture cross sections are found to be a,= 5. 10-l9 T-'n cm2 for donors and uip= 7- T-5p cm2 for acceptors. It is shown that in an isotropic semiconductor (p-Ge) ui is well described by the cascade-capture theory that takes into account only electron-electron collisions. In an anisotropic semiconductor ui is considerably larger (n-Ge, strongly uniaxially compressedp-Ge). Under impurity breakdown conditions the electron-electron collisions determine the lifetimes of the free carriers only in samples with appreciable density of the compensating impurity (Nk loi3 cmP3). |
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1707 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Observation of the free-exciton spectrum at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1972 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
161-162 |
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Keywords |
Ge, energy spectrum, free excitons |
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1736 |
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Author |
Гершензон, Е. М.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Елантьев, А. И.; Кагане, М. Л.; Мултановский, В. В.; Птицина, Н. Г. |
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Title |
Применение субмиллиметровой ЛОВ спектроскопии для определения химической природы и концентрации примесей в чистых полупроводниках |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1430-1437 |
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Keywords |
BWO spectroscopy, pure semiconductors, residual impurities |
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Russian |
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Duplicated as 1714 |
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1712 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D. |
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Title |
Submillimeter backward wave tube spectrometer for measuring superconducting film transmission |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
Abbreviated Journal |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
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Volume |
26 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
134-137 |
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Keywords |
BWO spectroscopy, spectrometer, transmission |
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Abstract |
A spectrometer employing six backward wave tubes is described. It is intended for investigation of superconductors in the 0.2-3 mm range of wave lengths. During the measurement of the transmission spectrum it is possible to determine the energy gap for superconduct1ng films 50 to 4000 A thick. The transmission factor can vary from 10-1 to 10-9. Spectrum of relation of film transmission factors in superconducting and normal states is measured for determining the energy gap 2 Δ. The transmission spectrum obtained by means of a computer for vanadium film 300 A thick is given as an example. The energy gap 2 Δ = 1.4 MeV |
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0032-8162 |
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Субмиллиметровый спектрометр с лампами обратной волны для измерения пропускания сверхпроводниковых пленок |
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1713 |
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Gershenson, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I.; Kagane, M. L.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Use of submillimeter backward-wave tube spectroscopy in determination of the chemical nature and concentration of residual impurities in pure semiconductors |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
908-913 |
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Keywords |
BWO spectroscopy, pure semiconductors, residual impurities |
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Применение субмиллиметровой ЛОВ спектроскопии для определения химической природы и концентрации примесей в чистых полупроводниках |
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1714 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Kinetics of submillimeter impurity and exciton photoconduction in Ge |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Optics and Spectroscopy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Optics and Spectroscopy |
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52 |
Issue |
4 |
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454-455 |
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Ge, exciton photoconduction |
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1715 |
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Gershenzon, E.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Heating of quasiparticles in a superconducting film in the resistive state |
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1981 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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34 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
268-271 |
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1716 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Semenov, A. D.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Title |
Nonselective effect of electromagnetic radiation on a superconducting film in the resistive state |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1982 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
36 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
296-299 |
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HEB |
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Notes |
Неселективное воздействие электромагнитного излучения на сверхпроводящую пленку в резистивном состоянии |
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1717 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Cross section for binding of free carriers into excitons in germanium |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1981 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
33 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
574 |
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Ge, excitons, photoconductivity |
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1718 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Population and lifetime of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
355-362 |
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Keywords |
Ge, photothermal ionization, shallow impurities |
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Abstract |
An investigation was made of the dependences of the intensities of photothermal ionization lines of excited states of shallow impurities in Ge on the intensity of impurity-absorbed background radiation and on temperature. The results obtained were used to find the density and lifetime of carriers of lower excited states of the impurity centers. The lifetimes of the excited states of donors in Ge were 10-~-10-" sec and the lifetime of the lower excited state of acceptors was -lo-' sec. In the presence of background radiation the population of the excited states was very different from the equilibrium value and, in particular, a population inversion of the 2pk, state relative to the 3p0 and 3s states was observed. |
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Serial |
1719 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Multanovskii, V. V.; Ptitsyna, N. G. |
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Title |
Capture of photoexcited carriers by shallow impurity centers in germanium |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
728-734 |
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Keywords |
Ge, photoexcited carriers, shallow impurity centers |
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Abstract |
Measurements were made of the lifetimes rf of free carriers and the relaxation time 7, of the submillimeter impurity photoconductivity when carriers are captured by attracting shallow donors and acceptom in Ge. It is nod that in samples with capture-center concentration N,Z 10"cm-' the relaxation time 7, greatly exceeds rf in the temperature range 4.2-12 K. The measured values of 7,- are compared with the calculation of cascade recombination by the classical model. To evaluate the data on T,, the distinguishing features of this model are considered for the nonstationary case. The substantial difference betweea the values of rf and T, is attributed to re-emission of the carriers from the excited states of the shallow impurities. |
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1720 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kagane, M. L. |
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Title |
Observation of free carrier resonances in p-type germanium at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. Solid State |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. Solid State |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
573-579 |
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Keywords |
p-Ge, free carriers, resonances |
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Abstract |
The spectrum of hole resonances in pure p-Ge for submillimetre in quantizing magnetic fields has been studied and identified. Measurements of photoconductivity spectra of p-Ge were made in the wave range lambda = 2-0.3 mm at temp. of 4.2-15 deg K in magnetic fields H up to 40 Measurements at various frequencies showed that the position of a series of characteristic resonances depends on the frequency of the illumination. This is in line with theoretical conclusions about the effective mass of the carriers increasing with rise in the magnetic field as a result of the interaction of the edge of the valency band with the split spin-orbital interaction of the sub 7 exp + band and the conduction band. The relative intensity of the quantum resonance lines of the free holes depends on the excitation conditions. |
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1721 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E.; Goltsman, G.; Elantev, A.; Kagane, M. |
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Title |
Energy-spectrum of small donors and acceptors in germanium and effect of magnetic-field on it |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
Abbreviated Journal |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1142-1148 |
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Keywords |
energy spectrum, Ge, magnetic field |
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no |
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1722 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E.; Goltsman, G.; Orlov, L.; Ptitsina, N. |
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Title |
Population of excited-states of small admixtures in germanium |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
Abbreviated Journal |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
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Volume |
42 |
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6 |
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1154-1159 |
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Keywords |
Ge, excited states, admixtures |
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Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga 39 Dimitrova Ul., 113095 Moscow, Russia |
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1723 |
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Author |
Blagosklonskaya, L. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Elantev, A. I. |
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Title |
Effect of strong magnetic-field on spectrum of hydrogen-like admixtures in semiconductors |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
Abbreviated Journal |
Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fizicheskaya |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1231-1234 |
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Keywords |
spectrum, semiconductors, admixtures, strong magnetic-field |
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Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga 39 Dimitrova Ul., 113095 Moscow, Russia |
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blagosklonskaya1978effect |
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1724 |
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Author |
Blagosklonskaya, L. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Elant’ev, A. I. |
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Title |
Effect of a strong magnetic field on the spectrum of donors in InSb |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1395-1397 |
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Keywords |
InSb, spectrum of donors, strong magnetic field |
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no |
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1725 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E.M.; Gol'tsman, G.N.; Ptitsyna, N. G. |
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Title |
Carrier lifetime in excited states of shallow impurities in germanium |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
539-543 |
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Keywords |
Ge, shallow impurities, excited states |
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no |
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Serial |
1726 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Kagane, M. L. |
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Title |
Energy spectrum of acceptors in germanium and its response to a magnetic field |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
769-776 |
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Keywords |
p-Ge, photoconductivity, energy spectrum, magnetic field |
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Abstract |
We investigated the spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of p-Ge at helium temperatures and the effects of a magnetic field up to 40 kOe on the spectrum. A large number of lines of transitions between the excited states of the acceptors was observed, some of the lines were identified, and the energies of a number of spectral levels B, Al, Ga, In, and TI in Ge were identified. The results are compared with calculations and with experimental data obtained from the spectra of the photoexcitation of the ground state of the impurities. Using one transition as an example, we discuss the splitting of the excited states of acceptors in the magnetic field and under uniaxial compression. |
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no |
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Serial |
1727 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I. |
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Title |
Energy spectrum of the donors in GaAs and Ge and its reaction to a magnetic field |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
555-565 |
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Keywords |
Ge, GaAs, magnetic field, donors, energy spectrum |
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Abstract |
The spectrum of the submillimeter photoconductivity of n-GaAs and n-Ge in a magnetic field up to 60 kOe at helium temperatures was investigated. A large number of lines due to transitions between excited states of the donors have been investigated, and the measurement results were used to determine a number of levels of the energy spectrum in a wide range of magnetic fields. For GaAs, these data are compared with calculations of the energy spectrum of the hydrogen atom in magnetic fields up to -2X lo9 Oe. For the donors in Ge, the energy spectrum is investigated at different orientations of the magnetic field relative to the crystallographic axes (H 11 [loo], [I 1 I], [110]), and these results are also compared with the corresponding calculations. |
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no |
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1728 |
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Author |
Blagosklonskaya, L. E.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Elant'ev, A. I. |
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Title |
Effect of a high magnetic field on the spectrum of donors in InSb |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fizika i Tekhnika Poluprovodnikov |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
2373-2375 |
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Keywords |
InSb, energy spectrum, donors, high magnetic field |
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Russian |
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Notes |
Воздействие сильного магнитного поля на спектр доноров в InSb |
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no |
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1729 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Orlova, S. L.; Orlov, L. A.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Rabinovich, R. I. |
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Title |
Intervalley cyclotron-impurity resonance of electrons in n-Ge |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
125-128 |
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Keywords |
n-Ge, cyclotron-impurity resonance |
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no |
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1730 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Investigation of free excitons in Ge and their condensation at submillimeter wavelengths |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
43 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
116-122 |
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Keywords |
Ge, free excitons |
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Abstract |
Results are presented of an investigation of free excitons in Ge in the submillimeter wavelength range for low as well as for high excitation levels when interaction between the excitons becomes important. The free-exciton energy spectrum is discussed. It is shown that the drop radii and their concentrations can be determined by measuring the temperature dependence of the free-exciton concentration. A section of the phase diagram is obtained in the 0.5-2.8 K temperature range for the free excitons+condensate system. |
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Serial |
1731 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Orlov, L. |
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Title |
Investigation of population and ionization of donor excited states in Ge |
Type |
Conference Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Physics of Semiconductors |
Abbreviated Journal |
Physics of Semiconductors |
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Pages |
631-634 |
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Keywords |
Ge, donor excited states |
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Amsterdam |
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North-Holland Publishing Co. |
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1732 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Ptitsyna, N. G. |
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Title |
Investigation of excited donor states in GaAs |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. Semicond. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1248-1250 |
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Keywords |
GaAs, excited donor states |
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Amer Inst Physics 1305 Walt Whitman Rd, Ste 300, Melville, Ny 11747-4501 Usa |
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1733 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Energy spectrum of free excitons in germanium |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1973 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
93 |
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Keywords |
Ge, free excitons, energy spectrum |
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1734 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Submillimeter spectroscopy of semiconductors |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
37 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
299-304 |
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Keywords |
semiconductors, submillimeter spectroscopy, spectrometer, BWO, Ge, free excitons |
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Abstract |
The possibility is considered of carrying out submillimeter-wave spectral investigations of semiconductors by means of a high resolution spectrometer with backward-wave tubes. Results of a study of the excitation spectra of small impurities, D-(A +) centers and free excitons in germanium are presented. |
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1735 |
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Author |
Goltsman, G. |
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Title |
Simple method for stabilizing power of submillimetric spectrometer |
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Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
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Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta |
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1 |
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136 |
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Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga 39 Dimitrova Ul., Moscow, 113095, Russia |
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1738 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Mel'nikov, A. P. |
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Title |
Binding energy of a carrier with a neutral impurity atom in germanium and in silicon |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
185-186 |
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Keywords |
Ge, Si, neutral impurity atom, binding energy |
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1739 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N. |
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Title |
Transitions of electrons between excited states of donors in germanium |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
63-65 |
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Ge, donors, excited states |
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1740 |
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Author |
Gershenzon, E. M.; Goltsman, G.; Orlova, S.; Ptitsina, N.; Gurvich, Y. |
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Title |
Germanium hot-electron narrow-band detector |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Sov. Radio Engineering And Electronic Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Radio Engineering And Electronic Physics |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1346 |
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Ge HEB detectors |
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Scripps Clinic Res Foundation 476 Prospect St, La Jolla, Ca 92037 |
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1741 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gol'tsman, G. N.; Emtsev, V. V.; Mashovets, T. V.; Ptitsyna, N. G.; Ryvkin, S. M. |
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Role of impurities of groups III and V in the formation of defects following γ irradiation of germanium |
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1971 |
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JETP Lett. |
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JETP Lett. |
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14 |
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6 |
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241 |
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Ge, gamma irradiation, defects, impurities |
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1742 |
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Matyushkin, Yakov; Fedorov, Georgy; Moskotin, Maksim; Danilov, Sergey; Ganichev, Sergey; Goltsman, Gregory |
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Title |
Gate-mediated helicity sensitive detectors of terahertz radiation with graphene-based field effect transistors |
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Abstract |
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2020 |
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Graphene and 2dm Virt. Conf. |
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Graphene and 2DM Virt. Conf. |
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single layer graphene, SLG, CVD, plasmons, FET |
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Closing of the so-called terahertz gap results in an increased demand for optoelectronic devices operating in the frequency range from 0.1 to 10 THz. Active plasmonic in field effect devices based on high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) opens up opportunities for creation of on-chip spectrum [1] and polarization [2] analysers. Here we show that single layer graphene (SLG) grown using CVD method can be used for an all-electric helicity sensitive polarization broad analyser of THz radiation. Allourresults show plasmonic nature of response. Devices are made in a configuration ofa field-effect transistor (FET) with a graphene channel that has a length of 2 mkm and a width of 5.5 mkm. Response of opposite polarity to clockwise and anticlockwise polarized radiation is due to special antenna design (see Fig.1c) as follow works [2,3]. Our approaches can be extrapolated to other 2D materials and used as a tool to characterize plasmonic excitations in them. [1]Bandurin, D. A., etal.,Nature Communications, 9(1),(2018),1-8.[2]Drexler, C.,etal.,Journal of Applied Physics, 111(12),(2012),124504.[3]Gorbenko, I. V.,et al.,physica status solidi (RRL)–Rapid Research Letters, 13(3),(2019),1800464. |
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Grenoble, France |
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Graphene and 2dm Virtual Conference & Expo |
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no |
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1743 |
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Baselmans, J. J. A.; Hajenius, M.; Gao, J.; de Korte, P.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Voronov, B.; Gol’tsman, G. |
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Title |
Doubling of sensitivity and bandwidth in phonon-cooled hot-electron bolometer mixers |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Proc. SPIE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. SPIE |
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Volume |
5498 |
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Pages |
168-176 |
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Hot electron bolometers, bandwidth, noise temperature, experimental |
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NbN hot electron bolometer (HEB) mixers are at this moment the best heterodyne detectors for frequencies above 1 THz. However, the fabrication procedure of these devices is such that the quality of the interface between the NbN superconducting film and the contact structure is not under good control. This results in a contact resistance between the NbN bolometer and the contact pad. We compare identical bolometers, with different NbN – contact pad interfaces, coupled with a spiral antenna. We find that cleaning the NbN interface and adding a thin additional superconductor prior to the gold contact deposition improves the noise temperature and the bandwidth of the HEB mixers with more than a factor of 2. We obtain a DSB noise temperature of 950 K at 2.5 THz and a Gain bandwidth of 5-6 GHz. For use in real receiver systems we design small volume (0.15x1 micron) HEB mixers with a twin slot antenna. We find that these mixers combine good sensitivity (900 K at 1.6 THz) with low LO power requirement, which is 160 – 240 nW at the Si lens of the mixer. This value is larger than expected from the isothermal technique and the known losses in the lens by a factor of 3-3.5. |
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SPIE |
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Zmuidzinas, J.; Holland, W.S.; Withington, S. |
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Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors for Astronomy II |
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no |
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1744 |
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Goltsman, Gregory |
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Title |
Superconducting thin film nanostructures as terahertz and infrared heterodyne and direct detectors |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
16th ISEC |
Abbreviated Journal |
16th ISEC |
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Pages |
Th-I-QTE-03 (1 to 3) |
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waveguide SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) integrated with optical waveguides on a chip. We demonstrate both single-photon counting with up to 90% on-chipquantum-efficiency (OCDE), and the heterodyne mixing with a close to the quantum limit sensitivity at the telecommunication wavelength using single device. |
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IEEE/CSC & ESAS Superconductivity News Forum |
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no |
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1745 |
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Gol’tsman, G.N. |
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Title |
Overview of recent results for superconducting NbN terahertz and optical detectors and mixers |
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Miscellaneous |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
SM2 – Seminar on Terahertz Photonics |
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0562 |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, HEB |
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We present our recent achievements in the development of sensitive and ultrafast thin-film superconducting sensors: hot-electron bolometers (HEB), HEB-mixers for terahertz range and infrared single-photon counters. These sensors have already demonstrated a performance that makes them devices-of-choice for many terahertz and optical applications. |
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1746 |
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Pentin, Ivan; Finkel, Matvey; Maslennikov, Sergey; Vakhtomin, Yuri; Smirnov, Konstantin; Kaurova, Nataliya; Goltsman, Gregory |
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Superconducting hot-electron-bolometer mixers for the mid-IR |
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Journal Article |
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2017 |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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Rus. J. Radio Electron. |
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10 |
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IR NbN HEB mixers |
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The work presents the result of development of the NbN superconducting hot-electron-bolometer (HEB) mixer. The sensitive element of the mixer is directly coupled to mid-IR radiation, and doesn’t have planar metallic antenna. Investigations of noise characteristics of NbN HEB mixer were performed at the frequency 28.4 THz (λ = 10.6 µm) by using gas-discharge CW CO2-laser without consideration of optical and electrical losses in the heterodyne receiver. The noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer with the size of the sensitive element 10 µm × 10 µm was 2320 K (~ 1.5hν/kB) at the heterodyne frequency of 28.4 THz. The noise temperature was determined by measuring the Y-factor taking into account the term which describes fluctuations of zero-point oscillations in accordance with the fluctuation-dissipation theorem of Calle-Welton. Isothermal method was used to estimate the absorbed heterodyne radiation power which was 9 µW at the optimal operating point for the minimum noise temperature of NbN HEB mixer. |
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Russian |
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1684-1719 |
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http://jre.cplire.ru/jre/oct17/9/abstract.html (Russian) Гетеродинный приемник со сверхпроводниковым смесителем на эффекте электронного разогрева для среднего инфракрасного диапазона |
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1747 |
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Averkin, A. S.; Shishkin, A. G.; Chichkov, V. I.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltsman, G. N.; Karpov, A.; Ustinov, A. V. |
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Tunable frequency-selective surface based on superconducting split-ring resonators |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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8th Metamaterials |
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8th Metamaterials |
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superconducting split-ring resonators |
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We study a possibility to use the 2D superconducting metamaterial as a tunable frequency-selective surface (FSS). The proposed FSS is made of sub-wavelength size (l/14) metamaterial unit cells, where a split-ring resonator is embedded in a small iris aperture in a metal plane. The split-ring resonator is made of NbN film, and its resonance frequency is tuned by the temperature of the sample, changing the kinetic inductance of NbN film. The Ansoft HFSS simulation predicts the FSS tuning range of about 10-20 %. The developed superconducting FSS may be used as a tunable band-pass filter or modulator. |
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Copenhagen, Denmark |
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8th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics – Metamaterials |
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no |
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1749 |
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Zhang, J.; Verevkin, A.; Slysz, W.; Chulkova, G.; Korneev, A.; Lipatov, A.; Okunev, O.; Gol’tsman, G. N.; Sobolewski, Roman |
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Time-resolved characterization of NbN superconducting single-photon optical detectors |
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Conference Article |
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2017 |
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Proc. SPIE |
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Proc. SPIE |
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10313 |
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103130F (1 to 3) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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NbN superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) are very promising devices for their picosecond response time, high intrinsic quantum efficiency, and high signal-to-noise ratio within the radiation wavelength from ultraviolet to near infrared (0.4 gm to 3 gm) [1-3]. The single photon counting property of NbN SSPDs have been investigated thoroughly and a model of hotspot formation has been introduced to explain the physics of the photon- counting mechanism [4-6]. At high incident flux density (many-photon pulses), there are, of course, a large number of hotspots simultaneously formed in the superconducting stripe. If these hotspots overlap with each other across the width w of the stripe, a resistive barrier is formed instantly and a voltage signal can be generated. We assume here that the stripe thickness d is less than the electron diffusion length, so the hotspot region can be considered uniform. On the other hand, when the photon flux is so low that on average only one hotspot is formed across w at a given time, the formation of the resistive barrier will be realized only when the supercurrent at sidewalks surpasses the critical current (jr) of the superconducting stripe [1]. In the latter situation, the formation of the resistive barrier is associated with the phase-slip center (PSC) development. The effect of PSCs on the suppression of superconductivity in nanowires has been discussed very recently [8, 9] and is the subject of great interest. |
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SPIE |
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Armitage, J. C. |
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Opto-Canada: SPIE Regional Meeting on Optoelectronics, Photonics, and Imaging, 2002, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
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Notes |
Downloaded from http://www2.ece.rochester.edu/projects/ufqp/PDF/2002/213NbNTimeOPTO_b.pdf This artcle was published in 2017 with only first author indicated (Zhang, J.). There were 8 more authors! |
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1750 |
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Verevkin, A.; Zhang, J.; Pearlman, A.; Slysz, W.; Sobolewski, Roman; Korneev, A.; Kouminov, P.; Okunev, O.; Chulkova, G.; Gol'tsman, G. |
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Ultimate sensitivity of superconducting single-photon detectors in the visible to infrared range |
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Miscellaneous |
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2004 |
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ResearchGate |
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ResearchGate |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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We present our quantum efficiency (QE) and noise equivalent power (NEP) measurements of the meandertype ultrathin NbN superconducting single-photon detector in the visible to infrared radiation range. The nanostructured devices with 3.5-nm film thickness demonstrate QE up to~ 10% at 1.3–1.55 µm wavelength, and up to 20% in the entire visible range. The detectors are sensitive to infrared radiation with the wavelengths down to~ 10 µm. NEP of about 2× 10-18 W/Hz1/2 was obtained at 1.3 µm wavelength. Such high sensitivity together with GHz-range counting speed, make NbN photon counters very promising for efficient, ultrafast quantum communications and another applications. We discuss the origin of dark counts in our devices and their ultimate sensitivity in terms of the resistive fluctuations in our superconducting nanostructured devices. |
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Not attributed to any publisher! File name: PR9VervekinSfin_f.doc; Author: JAOLEARY; Last modification date: 2004-02-26 |
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no |
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1751 |
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Mel’nikov, A. P.; Gurvich, Y. A.; Shestakov, L. N.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
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Magnetic field effects on the nonohmic impurity conduction of uncompensated crystalline silicon |
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Journal Article |
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2001 |
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Jetp Lett. |
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Jetp Lett. |
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73 |
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1 |
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44-47 |
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uncompensated crystalline silicon, nonohmic impurity conduction, magnetic field |
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The impurity conduction of a series of crystalline silicon samples with the concentration of major impurity N ≈ 3 × 1016 cm−3 and with a varied, but very small, compensation K was measured as a function of the electric field E in various magnetic fields H-σ(H, E). It was found that, at K < 10−3 and in moderate E, where these samples are characterized by a negative nonohmicity (dσ(0, E)/dE < 0), the ratio σ(H, E)/σ(0, E) > 1 (negative magnetoresistance). With increasing E, these inequalities are simultaneously reversed (positive nonohmicity and positive magnetoresistance). It is suggested that both negative and positive nonohmicities are due to electron transitions in electric fields from impurity ground states to states in the Mott-Hubbard gap. |
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0021-3640 |
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no |
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1752 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Грачев, С. А.; Литвак-Горская, Л. Б. |
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Title |
Механизм преобразования частоты в n-InSb-смесителе |
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Journal Article |
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1991 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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25 |
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11 |
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1986-1998 |
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n-InSb mixer |
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Проведено комплексное исследование n-InSb смесителя на λ=2.6 мм, включающее в себя исследование вольт-амперных характеристик при E=0−2 В/см, температурной зависимости проводимости в диапазоне T=1.6−20 K, высокочастотной проводимости при f=0.5−10 МГц и магнитосопротивления при H=0−5 кЭ. Показано, что в оптимальном режиме механизм преобразования частоты связан с фотоионизационными процессами при прыжковой фотопроводимости (ПФП). На основе модели ПФП рассчитан коэффициент преобразования смесителя и произведено сопоставление его с экспериментом. Показана несостоятельность модели преобразования частоты в компенсированном n-InSb (K≥0.8), основанной на разогреве электронов. Обсуждены требования к параметрам материала и режимам n-InSb смесителя миллиметрового диапазона волн. |
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Russian |
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no |
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1753 |
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Банная, В. Ф.; Веселова, Л. И.; Гершензон, Е. М.; Гусинский, Э. Н.; Литвак-Горская, Л. Б. |
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Оценка точности метода определения раздельной концентрации примесей из измерений постоянной Холла |
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Journal Article |
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1990 |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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24 |
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12 |
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2145-2150 |
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Hall constant, concentration of impurities, p-Si |
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На примере p-Si⟨B,\,Ga⟩ с различной степенью компенсации проведена сравнительная оценка точности определения раздельной концентрации примесей по температурной зависимости концентрации дырок p(T) в случае одной и двух легирующих примесей с энергиями ионизации, различающимися менее чем в 2 раза. Исследована функция среднеквадратичного отклонения в пространстве параметров D(Nк, N2) (Nк, N1 и N2 — концентрации компенсирующих примесей бора и галлия соответственно, N2≫N1) в предположении, что N2, энергии B и Ga известны. Показано, что в случае двух легирующих примесей D(Nк, N1) в окрестностях минимума имеет «овражный» рельеф и при некоторых соотношениях между Nк и N1 разброс искомых величин превышает порядок, причем увеличение точности измерений p(T) существенного улучшения в вычислении параметров не дает. При одной легирующей примеси точность вычисления параметров высокая. |
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1754 |
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Воеводин, Е. И.; Гершензон, Е. М.; Гольцман, Г. Н.; Птицина, Н. Г. |
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Влияние магнитного поля на захват свободных носителей мелкими примесями в Ge |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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24 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1881-1883 |
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impurities, photoconductivity, Ge, capture of free carriers, magnetic field |
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Цель настоящей работы — измерение кинетики примесной фотопроводимости в квантующих магнитных полях. |
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1755 |
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Гальперин, Ю. М.; Гершензон, Е. М.; Дричко, И. Л.; Литвак-Горская, Л. Б. |
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Кинетические явления в компенсированном n-InSb при низких температурах |
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Journal Article |
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1990 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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24 |
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1 |
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3-24 |
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compensated n-InSb, impurities |
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Представлен обзор результатов цикла исследований природы электропроводности предельно очищенных образцов антимонида индия n-типа. Рассмотрены способы определения концентрации доноров и степени компенсации в этом материале, обсуждается роль свободных и локализованных на донорах электронов в электропроводности при гелиевых температурах. Обсуждение основано на анализе результатов исследования гальваномагнитных явлений, поглощения СВЧ излучения миллиметрового и субмиллиметрового диапазонов и ультразвука. Рассмотрены способы определения характеристик материала на основе комплекса результатов, полученных с помощью указанных методов. Обсуждается также фотопроводимость по примесям в n-InSb. |
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1756 |
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Банная, В. Ф.; Веселова, Л. И.; Гершензон, Е. М. |
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Особенности температурной зависимости холловской подвижности в легированных и некомпенсированных полупроводниках |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1989 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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23 |
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2 |
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338-345 |
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weakly compensated Si, Ge, doped, Hall mobility |
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На примере легированного и слабо компенсированного Si⟨B⟩ проведены исследования особенностей температурной зависимости подвижности при различных механизмах рассеяния. Уточнен метод определения концентрации компенсирующей примеси по μI(T). Полученные результаты обсуждаются и для Ge. |
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1758 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Литвак-Горская, Л. Б.; Луговая, Г. Я.; Шапиро, Е. З. |
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Об интерпретации отрицательного магнитосопротивления в случае проводимости по верхней зоне Хаббарда в n-Ge⟨Sb⟩ |
Type |
Journal Article |
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1986 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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20 |
Issue |
1 |
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99-103 |
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n-Ge, Hubbard upper zone conductivity, negative magnetoresistance |
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В рамках теории квантовых поправок к проводимости объяснено отрицательное магнитосопротивление в n-Ge с концентрацией доноров Nd≃2.8⋅1016÷1.1⋅1017см−3, наблюдаемое в диапазоне температур 4.2−10 K, когда основной вклад в проводимость дают электроны верхней зоны Хаббарда. Показано, что время релаксации фазы волновой функции τφ определяется временем электрон-фононного взаимодействия τeph. |
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1759 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Семенов, И. Т.; Фогельсон, М. С. |
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Title |
Спин-решеточная релаксация доноров фосфора в кремнии при одноосной деформации образца |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1696-1698 |
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uniaxial pressure, Ge, phosphorus donors, spin-lattice relaxation |
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1760 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Семенов, И. Т.; Фогельсон, М. С. |
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О механизме динамического сужения линии ЭПР доноров фосфора в кремнии |
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Journal Article |
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1984 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
421-425 |
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Si, phosphorus donors, EPR |
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Температурная зависимость ширины линии ЭПР доноров Р в Si исследована в интервале концентрации ND=2.5⋅1017−9⋅1017см−3 и температур T=1.7−45 K на образцах с различной степенью компенсации основной примеси. Результаты согласуются с моделью обменного сужения линии при учете температурной зависимости обменного интеграла и тем самым исключают предлагавшийся ранее механизм сужения линии вследствие прыжкового движения электронов по примесным центрам. |
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1761 |
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Банная, В. Ф.; Веселова, Л. И.; Гершензон, Е. М. |
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Об одном способе определения концентрации глубоких примесей в германии |
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1983 |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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17 |
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10 |
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1896-1898 |
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Ge, deep impurities |
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1762 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Литвак-Горская, Л. Б.; Рабинович, Р. И. |
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Отрицательное магнитосопротивление в случае проводимости по верхней зоне Хаббарда |
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1983 |
Publication |
Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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17 |
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10 |
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1873-1876 |
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compensated n-InSb, Hubbard upper zone conductivity, negative magnetoresistance |
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1763 |
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Гершензон, Е. М.; Мельников, А. П.; Рабинович, Р. И.; Смирнова, В. Б. |
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О возможности создания инверсной функции распределения свободных носителей в полупроводниках при захвате на мелкие нейтральные примеси |
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1983 |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Физика и техника полупроводников |
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17 |
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3 |
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499-501 |
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shallow neutral impurities, capture, inverse distribution function, Si |
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1764 |
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Sergeev, A.; Karasik, B. S.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M.; Il'in, K. S.; Gershenzon, E. M. |
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Electron–phonon interaction in disordered conductors |
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1999 |
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Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter |
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Phys. Rev. B Condens. Matter |
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263-264 |
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190-192 |
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disordered conductors, electron-phonon interaction |
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The electron–phonon interaction is strongly modified in conductors with a small value of the electron mean free path (impure metals, thin films). As a result, the temperature dependencies of both the inelastic electron scattering rate and resistivity differ significantly from those for pure bulk materials. Recent complex measurements have shown that modified dependencies are well described at K by the electron interaction with transverse phonons. At helium temperatures, available data are conflicting, and cannot be described by an universal model. |
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0921-4526 |
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1765 |
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Ptitsina, N. G.; Chulkova, G. M.; Il’in, K. S.; Sergeev, A. V.; Pochinkov, F. S.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenson, M. E. |
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Electron-phonon interaction in disordered metal films: The resistivity and electron dephasing rate |
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1997 |
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Phys. Rev. B |
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Phys. Rev. B |
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56 |
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16 |
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10089-10096 |
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disordered metal films, electron-phonon interaction, electron dephasing rate, resistivity |
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The temperature dependence of the resistance of films of Al, Be, and NbC with small values of the electron mean free path l=1.5–10nm has been measured at 4.2–300 K. The resistance of all the films contains a T2 contribution that is proportional to the residual resistance; this contribution has been attributed to the interference between the elastic electron scattering and the electron-phonon scattering. Fitting the data to the theory of the electron-phonon-impurity interference (M. Yu. Reiser and A. V. Sergeev, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 92, 224 (1987) [Sov. Phys. JETP 65, 1291 (1987)]), we obtain constants of interaction of the electrons with transverse phonons, and estimate the contribution of this interaction to the electron dephasing rate in thin films of Au, Al, Be, Nb, and NbC. Our estimates are in a good agreement with the experimental data on the inelastic electron-phonon scattering in these films. This indicates that the interaction of electrons with transverse phonons controls the electron-phonon relaxation rate in thin-metal films over a broad temperature range. |
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0163-1829 |
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1766 |
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Chulcova, G. M.; Ptitsina, N. G.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gershenzon, M. E.; Sergeev, A. V. |
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Effect of the interference between electron-phonon and electron-impurity (boundary) scattering on resistivity Nb, Al, Be films |
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Conference Article |
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1996 |
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Czech J. Phys. |
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Czech J. Phys. |
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46 |
Issue |
S5 |
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2489-2490 |
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Al, Be, Nb films |
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The temperature dependence of the resistivity of thin Nb, Al, Be films has been studied over a wide temperature range 4-300 K. We have found that the temperature-dependent correction to the residual resistivity is well described by the sum of the Bloch-Grüneisen term and the term originating from the interference between electron-phonon and electron-impurity scattering. Study of the transport interference phenomena allows to determine electron-phonon coupling in disordered metals. The interference term is proportional to T2 and also to the residual resistivity and dominates over the Bloch-Grüneisen term at low temperatures (T<40 K). |
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0011-4626 |
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1767 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gurvich, Yu. A.; Orlova, S. L.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Cyclotron resonance of electrons in Ge in a quantizing magnetic field in the case of inelastic scattering by acoustic phonons |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sov. Phys. JETP |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
311-315 |
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Keywords |
Ge, cyclotron resonance |
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Abstract |
Results are presented of an experimental study of the linewidth of cyclotron resonance under strong quantization conditions on the scattering of electrons by acoustic phonons. The measurements were performed in the 2....{).4 mm wavelength range at temperatures between 10 and 1.4 OK. A number of singularities were observed in the temperature and frequency dependences of the cyclotron linewidth. These can be ascribed to the effect of inhomogeneous broadening due to nonparabolicity of the electron spectrum, which is renormalized as a result of interaction with acoustic phonons. |
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1768 |
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Baeva, E. M.; Titova, N. A.; Veyrat, L.; Sacépé, B.; Semenov, A. V.; Goltsman, G. N.; Kardakova, A. I.; Khrapai, V. S. |
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Title |
Thermal relaxation in metal films limited by diffuson lattice excitations of amorphous substrates |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
Abbreviated Journal |
Phys. Rev. Applied |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
5 |
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054014 |
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InOx, Au/Ni, NbN films |
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We examine the role of a silicon-based amorphous insulating substrate in the thermal relaxation in thin NbN, InOx, and Au/Ni films at temperatures above 5 K. The samples studied consist of metal bridges on an amorphous insulating layer lying on or suspended above a crystalline substrate. Noise thermometry is used to measure the electron temperature Te of the films as a function of Joule power per unit area P2D. In all samples, we observe a P2D∝Tne dependence, with exponent n≃2, which is inconsistent with both electron-phonon coupling and Kapitza thermal resistance. In suspended samples, the functional dependence of P2D(Te) on the length of the amorphous insulating layer is consistent with the linear temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity, which is related to lattice excitations (diffusons) for a phonon mean free path shorter than the dominant phonon wavelength. Our findings are important for understanding the operation of devices embedded in amorphous dielectrics. |
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2331-7019 |
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1769 |
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Shcherbatenko, M.; Elezov, M.; Manova, N.; Sedykh, K.; Korneev, A.; Korneeva, Y.; Dryazgov, M.; Simonov, N.; Feimov, A.; Goltsman, G.; Sych, D. |
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Title |
Single-pixel camera with a large-area microstrip superconducting single photon detector on a multimode fiber |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2021 |
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Appl. Phys. Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Phys. Lett. |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
18 |
Pages |
181103 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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Abstract |
High sensitivity imaging at the level of single photons is an invaluable tool in many areas, ranging from microscopy to astronomy. However, development of single-photon sensitive detectors with high spatial resolution is very non-trivial. Here we employ the single-pixel imaging approach and demonstrate a proof-of-principle single-pixel single-photon imaging setup. We overcome the problem of low light gathering efficiency by developing a large-area microstrip superconducting single photon detector coupled to a multi-mode optical fiber interface. We show that the setup operates well in the visible and near infrared spectrum, and is able to capture images at the single-photon level.
We thank Philipp Zolotov and Pavel Morozov for NbN film fabrication, ARC coating, and fiber coupling of the detector. We also thank Swabian Instruments GmbH and Dr. Helmut Fedder personally for the kindly provided experimental equipment (Time Tagger Ultra 8). The work in the part of SNSPD research and development was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research Project No. 18-29-20100. The work in the part of the optical setup and imaging was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research Project No. 20-32-51004. |
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0003-6951 |
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1770 |
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Goltsman, Gregory N. |
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Title |
Development and applications of terahertz hot electron bolometers |
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Abstract |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
1st Moscow Int. Conf. on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments |
Abbreviated Journal |
1st Moscow Int. Conf. on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments |
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The development of techniques and technologies for the deposition of ultrathin superconducting films, the creation of superconducting structures on a nanometer scale is the basis of significant progress in the field of superconducting receiving systems. Ultrathin NbN films are the basis for a wide range of record-breaking hot electron devices: direct and heterodyne terahertz detectors. Terahertz receivers are especially in demand in high-resolution spectroscopy for astronomical, atmospheric, and medical research. HEB receivers are widely used in terahertz radio astronomy. For example, the Dutch SRON Institute is preparing a project for the GUSTO hot air balloon telescope with a HEB mixer array at 1.4 THz and 1.9 THz. A 5-meter Chinese terahertz telescope DATE5 with HEB mixers at 1.4 THz is installed at the South Pole. The Stratospheric Observatory (SOFIA) uses HEB mixer matrices in the GREAT instrument operating in the 1.2 – 4.7 THz range. It is planned to implement the international project Origins Space Telescope (OST) in the far infrared region based on HEB receivers. The Japanese project Smiles-2 will allow measurements at 1.8 THz in the upper layers of the stratosphere and mesosphere. The development of the Millimetron space observatory continues in Russia. |
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First Moscow International Conference on Submillimeter and Millimeter Astronomy: Objectives and Instruments, Astro Space Center, Moscow, 12-16 April 2021, id. 2 |
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Notes |
Downloaded from https://millimetron.ru/conference_2021/Goltsman.pdf; Author: Sergey; Last modification: 2021-04-14 |
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1771 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Gurvich, Y. A.; Orlova, S. L.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Scattering of electrons by charged impurities in Ge under cyclotron resonance conditions |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1976 |
Publication |
Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1379-1383 |
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Ge, cyclotron resonance, charged impurities, |
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1772 |
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Gershenzon, E. M.; Orlov, L. A.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Title |
Absorption spectra in electron transitions between excited states of impurities in germanium |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1975 |
Publication |
JETP Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
JETP Lett. |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
95-97 |
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Ge, impurities, excited states, absorption spectra |
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no |
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1773 |
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Bondarenko, O. I.; Gershenzon, E. M.; Gurvich, Y. A.; Orlova, S. L.; Ptitsina, N. G. |
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Measurement of the width of the cyclotron resonance line of n-type Ge in quantizing magnetic fields |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников |
Abbreviated Journal |
Presumably: Sov. Phys. Semicond. | Физика и техника полупроводников |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
362-363 |
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Ge, cyclotron resonance, quantizing magnetic fields |
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no |
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1774 |
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Eletskii, A. V.; Sarychev, A. K.; Boginskaya, I. A.; Bocharov, G. S.; Gaiduchenko, I. A.; Egin, M. S.; Ivanov, A. V.; Kurochkin, I. N.; Ryzhikov, I. A.; Fedorov, G. E. |
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Amplification of a Raman scattering signal by carbon nanotubes |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2018 |
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Dokl. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dokl. Phys. |
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Volume |
63 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
496-498 |
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carbon nanotubes, CNT, Raman scattering, RLS |
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The effect of Raman scattering (RLS) signal amplification by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was studied. Single-layered nanotubes were synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using methane as a carbon-containing gas. The object of study used was water, the Raman spectrum of which is rather well known. Amplification of the Raman scattering signal by several hundred percent was attained in our work. The maximum amplification of a Raman scattering signal was shown to be achieved at an optimal density of nanotubes on a substrate. This effect was due to the scattering and screening of plasmons excited in CNTs by neighboring nanotubes. The amplification mechanism and the possibilities of optimization for this effect were discussed on the basis of the theory of plasmon resonance in carbon nanotubes. |
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1028-3358 |
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1775 |
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Fedorov, G. E.; Stepanova, T. S.; Gazaliev, A. S.; Gaiduchenko, I. A.; Kaurova, N. S.; Voronov, B. M.; Goltzman, G. N. |
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Asymmetric devices based on carbon nanotubes for terahertz-range radiation detection |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Semicond. |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1600-1603 |
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carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors |
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Various asymmetric detecting devices based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are studied. The asymmetry is understood as inhomogeneous properties along the conducting channel. In the first type of devices, an inhomogeneous morphology of the CNT grid is used. In the second type of devices, metals with highly varying work functions are used as the contact material. The relation between the sensitivity and detector configuration is analyzed. Based on the data obtained, approaches to the development of an efficient detector of terahertz radiation, based on carbon nanotubes are proposed. |
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1063-7826 |
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1776 |
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Ryzhii, V.; Otsuji, T.; Ryzhii, M.; Leiman, V. G.; Fedorov, G.; Goltzman, G. N.; Gayduchenko, I. A.; Titova, N.; Coquillat, D.; But, D.; Knap, W.; Mitin, V.; Shur, M. S. |
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Two-dimensional plasmons in lateral carbon nanotube network structures and their effect on the terahertz radiation detection |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
J. Appl. Phys. |
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J. Appl. Phys. |
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Volume |
120 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
044501 (1 to 13) |
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carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors, plasmons |
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We consider the carrier transport and plasmonic phenomena in the lateral carbon nanotube (CNT) networks forming the device channel with asymmetric electrodes. One electrode is the Ohmic contact to the CNT network and the other contact is the Schottky contact. These structures can serve as detectors of the terahertz (THz) radiation. We develop the device model for collective response of the lateral CNT networks which comprise a mixture of randomly oriented semiconductor CNTs (s-CNTs) and quasi-metal CNTs (m-CNTs). The proposed model includes the concept of the collective two-dimensional (2D) plasmons in relatively dense networks of randomly oriented CNTs (CNT “felt”) and predicts the detector responsivity spectral characteristics exhibiting sharp resonant peaks at the signal frequencies corresponding to the 2D plasmonic resonances. The detection mechanism is the rectification of the ac current due the nonlinearity of the Schottky contact current-voltage characteristics under the conditions of a strong enhancement of the potential drop at this contact associated with the plasmon excitation. The detector responsivity depends on the fractions of the s- and m-CNTs. The burning of the near-contact regions of the m-CNTs or destruction of these CNTs leads to a marked increase in the responsivity in agreement with our experimental data. The resonant THz detectors with sufficiently dense lateral CNT networks can compete and surpass other THz detectors using plasmonic effects at room temperatures. |
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0021-8979 |
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1777 |
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Dube, I.; Jiménez, D.; Fedorov, G.; Boyd, A.; Gayduchenko, I.; Paranjape, M.; Barbara, P. |
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Understanding the electrical response and sensing mechanism of carbon-nanotube-based gas sensors |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
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Carbon |
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Carbon |
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87 |
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330-337 |
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carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors, field effect transistors, FET |
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Gas sensors based on carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) have outstanding sensitivity compared to existing technologies. However, the lack of understanding of the sensing mechanism has greatly hindered progress on calibration standards and customization of these nano-sensors. Calibration requires identifying fundamental transistor parameters and establishing how they vary in the presence of a gas. This work focuses on modeling the electrical response of CNTFETs in the presence of oxidizing (NO2) and reducing (NH3) gases and determining how the transistor characteristics are affected by gas-induced changes of contact properties, such as the Schottky barrier height and width, and by the doping level of the nanotube. From the theoretical fits of the experimental transfer characteristics at different concentrations of NO2 and NH3, we find that the CNTFET response can be modeled by introducing changes in the Schottky barrier height. These changes are directly related to the changes in the metal work function of the electrodes that we determine experimentally, independently, with a Kelvin probe. Our analysis yields a direct correlation between the ON – current and the changes in the electrode metal work function. Doping due to molecules adsorbed at the carbon-nanotube/metal interface also affects the transfer characteristics. |
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0008-6223 |
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1778 |
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Gorokhov, G.; Bychanok, D.; Gayduchenko, I.; Rogov, Y.; Zhukova, E.; Zhukov, S.; Kadyrov, L.; Fedorov, G.; Ivanov, E.; Kotsilkova, R.; Macutkevic, J.; Kuzhir, P. |
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Title |
THz spectroscopy as a versatile tool for filler distribution diagnostics in polymer nanocomposites |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
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Polymers (Basel) |
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Polymers (Basel) |
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12 |
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12 |
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3037 (1 to 14) |
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THz spectroscopy; nanocomposites, percolation threshold, time-domain spectroscopy, time-domain spectrometer, TDS |
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Polymer composites containing nanocarbon fillers are under intensive investigation worldwide due to their remarkable electromagnetic properties distinguished not only by components as such, but the distribution and interaction of the fillers inside the polymer matrix. The theory herein reveals that a particular effect connected with the homogeneity of a composite manifests itself in the terahertz range. Transmission time-domain terahertz spectroscopy was applied to the investigation of nanocomposites obtained by co-extrusion of PLA polymer with additions of graphene nanoplatelets and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The THz peak of permittivity's imaginary part predicted by the applied model was experimentally shown for GNP-containing composites both below and above the percolation threshold. The physical nature of the peak was explained by the impact on filler particles excluded from the percolation network due to the peculiarities of filler distribution. Terahertz spectroscopy as a versatile instrument of filler distribution diagnostics is discussed. |
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Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland |
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English |
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2073-4360 |
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PMID:33353036; PMCID:PMC7767186 |
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1780 |
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Author |
Matyushkin, Y.; Danilov, S.; Moskotin, M.; Belosevich, V.; Kaurova, N.; Rybin, M.; Obraztsova, E. D.; Fedorov, G.; Gorbenko, I.; Kachorovskii, V.; Ganichev, S. |
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Title |
Helicity-sensitive plasmonic terahertz interferometer |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nano Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nano Lett. |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
7296-7303 |
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Keywords |
graphene, plasmonic interferometer, radiation helicity, terahertz radiation |
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Abstract |
Plasmonic interferometry is a rapidly growing area of research with a huge potential for applications in the terahertz frequency range. In this Letter, we explore a plasmonic interferometer based on graphene field effect transistor connected to specially designed antennas. As a key result, we observe helicity- and phase-sensitive conversion of circularly polarized radiation into dc photovoltage caused by the plasmon-interference mechanism: two plasma waves, excited at the source and drain part of the transistor, interfere inside the channel. The helicity-sensitive phase shift between these waves is achieved by using an asymmetric antenna configuration. The dc signal changes sign with inversion of the helicity. A suggested plasmonic interferometer is capable of measuring the phase difference between two arbitrary phase-shifted optical signals. The observed effect opens a wide avenue for phase-sensitive probing of plasma wave excitations in two-dimensional materials. |
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CENTERA Laboratories, Institute of High Pressure Physics, PAS, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland |
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1530-6984 |
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PMID:32903004 |
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no |
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1781 |
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Author |
Yang, Y.; Fedorov, G.; Shafranjuk, S. E.; Klapwijk, T. M.; Cooper, B. K.; Lewis, R. M.; Lobb, C. J.; Barbara, P. |
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Title |
Electronic transport and possible superconductivity at Van Hove singularities in carbon nanotubes |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Nano Lett. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nano Lett. |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
7859-7866 |
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Keywords |
carbon nanotubes, CNT, tunable superconductivity, van Hove singularities |
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Abstract |
Van Hove singularities (VHSs) are a hallmark of reduced dimensionality, leading to a divergent density of states in one and two dimensions and predictions of new electronic properties when the Fermi energy is close to these divergences. In carbon nanotubes, VHSs mark the onset of new subbands. They are elusive in standard electronic transport characterization measurements because they do not typically appear as notable features and therefore their effect on the nanotube conductance is largely unexplored. Here we report conductance measurements of carbon nanotubes where VHSs are clearly revealed by interference patterns of the electronic wave functions, showing both a sharp increase of quantum capacitance, and a sharp reduction of energy level spacing, consistent with an upsurge of density of states. At VHSs, we also measure an anomalous increase of conductance below a temperature of about 30 K. We argue that this transport feature is consistent with the formation of Cooper pairs in the nanotube. |
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Department of Physics, Georgetown University , Washington, District of Columbia 20057, United States |
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1530-6984 |
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PMID:26506109; Suuplementary info (attached to pdf) DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02564 |
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1782 |
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Author |
Akhmadishina, K. F.; Bobrinetskiy, I. I.; Komarov, I. A.; Malovichko, A. M.; Nevolin, V. K.; Fedorov, G. E.; Golovin, A. V.; Zalevskiy, A. O.; Aidarkhanov, R. D. |
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Title |
Fast-response biological sensors based on single-layer carbon nanotubes modified with specific aptamers |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
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Semicond. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Semicond. |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
1749-1753 |
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Keywords |
carbon nanotubes, CNT detectors |
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The possibility of the fabrication of a fast-response biological sensor based on a composite of single-layer carbon nanotubes and aptamers for the specific detection of proteins is shown. The effect of modification of the surface of the carbon nanotubes on the selectivity and sensitivity of the sensors is investigated. It is shown that carboxylated nanotubes have a better selectivity for detecting thrombin. |
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1063-7826 |
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1783 |
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Author |
Korneev, A. A. |
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Title |
Superconducting NbN microstrip single-photon detectors |
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Abstract |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Quantum Optics and Photon Counting |
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11771 |
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Keywords |
NbN SSPD, SNSPD |
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Superconducting Single-Photon Detectors (SSPD) invented two decades ago have evolved to a mature technology and have become devices of choice in the advanced applications of quantum optics, such as quantum cryptography and optical quantum computing. In these applications SSPDs are coupled to single-mode fibers and feature almost unity detection efficiency, negligible dark counts, picosecond timing jitter and MHz photon count rate. Meanwhile, there are great many applications requiring coupling to multi-mode fibers or free space. ‘Classical’ SSPDs with 100-nm-wide superconducting strip and covering area of about 100 µm2 are not suitable for further scaling due to degradation of performance and low fabrication yield. Recently we have demonstrated single-photon counting in micron-wide superconducting bridges and strips. Here we present our approach to the realization of practical photon-counting detectors of large enough area to be efficiently coupled to multi-mode fibers or free space. The detector is either a meander or a spiral of 1-µm-wide strip covering an area of 50x50 µm2. Being operated at 1.7K temperature it demonstrates the saturated detection efficiency (i.e. limited by the absorption in the detector) up to 1550 nm wavelength, about 10 ns dead time and timing jitter in range 50-100 ps. |
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SPIE |
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Prochazka, I.; Štefaňák, M.; Sobolewski, R.; Gábris, A. |
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Quantum Optics and Photon Counting; SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2021, Online Only |
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1784 |
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Author |
Dryazgov, M.; Semenov, A.; Manova, N.; Korneeva, Y.; Korneev, A. |
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Modelling of normal domain evolution after single-photon absorption of a superconducting strip of micron width |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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Volume |
1695 |
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Pages |
012195 (1 to 4) |
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Keywords |
SSPD modelling, SNSPD |
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The present paper describes a modelling of normal domain evolution in superconducting strip of micron width using solving differential equations describing the temperature and current changes. The solving results are compared with experimental data. This comparison demonstrates the high accuracy of the model. In future, it is possible to employ this model for improvement of single photon detector based on micron-scale superconducting strips. |
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1742-6588 |
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1785 |
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Author |
Manova, N. N.; Simonov, N. O.; Korneeva, Y. P.; Korneev, A. A. |
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Developing of NbN films for superconducting microstrip single-photon detector |
Type |
Conference Article |
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2020 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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Volume |
1695 |
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Pages |
012116 (1 to 5) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, NbN films |
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We optimized NbN films on a Si substrate with a buffer SiO2 layer to produce superconducting microstrip single-photon detectors with saturated dependence of quantum efficiency (QE) versus normalized bias current. We varied thickness of films and observed the maximum QE saturation for device based on the thinner film with the lowest ratio RS300/RS20. |
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1742-6588 |
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no |
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1786 |
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Author |
Polyakova, M. I.; Korneev, A. A.; Semenov, A. V. |
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Title |
Comparison single- and double- spot detection efficiencies of SSPD based to MoSi and NbN films |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. |
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1695 |
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Pages |
012146 (1 to 3) |
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NbN SSPD, SNSPD, MoSi |
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In this work, we present results of quantum detector tomography of superconducting single photon detector (SSPD) based on MoSi film, and compare them with previously reported data on NbN. We find that for both materials hot spot interaction length coincides with the strip width, and the dependence of single and double-spot detection efficiencies on bias current are compatible with sufficiently large hot-spot size, approaching the strip width. |
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1742-6588 |
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1787 |
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